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    <Citation xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1">
        <Title>Metadata record for United Nations Surveys of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems Series, Waves 1-10, 1970-2006</Title>
        <Creator>ICPSR</Creator>
        <Copyright>
        ICPSR metadata records are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 
        3.0 United States License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/).
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    <StudyUnit xmlns="ddi:studyunit:3_1" id="StudyUnit26462" versionDate="2010-07-22">
        <Citation xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1">
            <Title>United Nations Surveys of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems Series, Waves 1-10, 1970-2006</Title>
 				
	    	
				<Creator xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1" affiliation="United Nations Office at Vienna. Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Branch">United Nations Office at Vienna. Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Branch</Creator>
	    	
	    	<Publisher>Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research</Publisher>
  			<Contributor role="distributor">ICPSR</Contributor>
   			<PublicationDate>
    			<SimpleDate>2010-07-22</SimpleDate>
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   			<InternationalIdentifier xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1" type="ICPSR Number">26462</InternationalIdentifier>
   			<InternationalIdentifier xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1" type="DOI">doi://10.3886/ICPSR26462.v1</InternationalIdentifier>
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        <Abstract isIdentifiable="true" id="Abstract26462">
            <Content xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1">
            <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="Summary26462">The major goal of the United Nations Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems was to collect data on the incidence of reported crime and the operations of criminal justice systems with a view to improving the analysis and dissemination of that information globally.  Surveys were distributed to officials in every member country of the United Nations.  Designated officials completed the surveys to the best of their abilities given the country's available data. The survey questionnaire consisted of a series of questions which asked for data, primarily statistical, on the main components of the country's criminal justice system, for the given time period of the wave of data collection.  To date, there have been ten waves of data collection. Crime variables include counts of recorded crime for homicide, assault, rape, robbery, theft, burglary, fraud, embezzlement, drug trafficking, drug possession, bribery, and corruption. There are also counts of suspects, persons prosecuted, persons convicted, and prison admissions by crime, gender, and adult or juvenile status. Other variables include the population of the country and largest city, budgets and salaries for police, courts, and prisons, and types of sanctions, including imprisonment, corporal punishment, deprivation of liberty, control of freedom, warning, fine, and community sentence. The countries participating in the survey and the variables available vary across the ten waves.  There are two versions of the Wave 2 data (Part 2: Wave 2a , 1975-1980; Part 3:  Wave 2b, 1975-1980) because, for various reasons, the variables from Wave 1 and some variables from Wave 2 were combined into one dataset.  Similarly, some variables from Wave 2 were combined into one dataset with the variables from Wave 3.  For this study, the combined Wave 1 and Wave 2 dataset was separated into Parts 1 and 2 (Wave 1, 1970-1975, and Wave 2a, 1976-1980, respectively) and the combined Wave 2 and Wave 3 dataset was separated into Parts 3 and 4 (Wave 2b, 1975-1980, and Wave 3, 1980-1986, respectively).</div>
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             <SeriesName>United Nations Surveys of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems Series</SeriesName>
             <SeriesDescription>For more information on the series, please go to http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ICPSR/series/00186.</SeriesDescription>
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           	<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="StudyPurpose26462">The major goal of the United Nations Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems is to collect data on the incidence of reported crime and the operations of criminal justice systems with a view to improving the analysis and dissemination of that information globally.</div>
           
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      		<Subject codeListAgency="NACJD">NACJD.XIV</Subject>
      	
      		<Subject codeListAgency="ICPSR">ICPSR.XVII.E</Subject>
      	
      		<Subject codeListAgency="IDRC">IDRC.VI</Subject>
      	
      		<Subject codeListAgency="NACJD">NACJD.VI</Subject>
      	
		
      		<Keyword>acquittals</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>assault</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>burglary</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>convictions (law)</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>correctional facilities</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>courts</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>crime</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>crime patterns</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>crime prevention</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>crime rates</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>crime reporting</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>criminal justice policy</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>criminal justice system</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>drug related crimes</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>drug traffic</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>embezzlement</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>fraud</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>international crime statistics</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>larceny</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>law enforcement</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>nations</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>offenders</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>offenses</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>police reports</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>population characteristics</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>prosecution</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>punishment</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>rape</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>robbery</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>sentencing</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>trends</Keyword>
      	
      		<Keyword>United Nations</Keyword>
      	
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		<Description>
			
				Africa, 
			
				Asia, 
			
				Europe, 
			
				Global, 
			
				Latin America, 
			
				North America, 
			
				South America
			
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      		<StartDate>1970</StartDate>
      		<EndDate>2006</EndDate>
			
			
      		
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   			<AnalysisUnitsCovered>countries</AnalysisUnitsCovered>
    	


	    	
	    		<KindOfData>aggregate data</KindOfData>
	    	
	    		<KindOfData>survey data</KindOfData>
	    	


        
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<Description xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1">
           <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="StudyDesign26462">Surveys were distributed to officials in every member country of the United Nations.  Designated officials completed the surveys to the best of their abilities given the country's available data. The survey questionnaire consisted of a series of questions which asked for data, primarily statistical, on the main components of the country's criminal justice system, for the given time period of the wave of data collection.  The surveys were continually updated at each subsequent wave.  There are two versions of the Wave 2 data (Part 2: Wave 2a, 1975-1980; Part 3: Wave 2b, 1975-1980) because, for various reasons, the variables from Wave 1 and some variables from Wave 2 were combined into one dataset. Similarly, some variables from Wave 2 were combined into one dataset with the variables from Wave 3. For this study, the combined Wave 1 and Wave 2 dataset was separated into Parts 1 and 2 (Wave 1, 1970-1975, and Wave 2a, 1976-1980, respectively) and the combined Wave 2 and Wave 3 dataset was separated into Parts 3 and 4 (Wave 2b, 1975-1980, and Wave 3,1980-1986, respectively).</div>
    
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     <Content xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1">Surveys were distributed to all member states of the United Nations.</Content>
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    		Questionnaires filled out by representatives of member states of the United Nations
    	
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		<DataCollectionDate>
 		
				
      		<StartDate xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1">1970</StartDate>
      		<EndDate xmlns="ddi:reusable:3_1">2006</EndDate>
			
			
      		
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 <p>ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. 
 ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software 
 formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR 
 performed the following processing steps for this data collection:</p>

	<ul>
  
   		
			<li>
		    	
				
				
				
				
				
				Performed consistency checks.
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			<li>
		    	
				
				
				
				
				
				Created variable labels and/or value labels.
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			<li>
		    	
				
				
				
				
				
				Standardized missing values.
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				Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.
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          <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="VariablesDescription26462">Crime variables include counts of recorded crime for homicide, assault, rape, robbery, theft, burglary, fraud, embezzlement, drug trafficking, drug possession, bribery, and corruption. There are also counts of suspects, persons prosecuted, persons convicted, and prison admissions by crime, gender, and adult or juvenile status. Other variables include the population of the country and largest city, budgets and salaries for police, courts, and prisons, and types of sanctions, including imprisonment, corporal punishment, deprivation of liberty, control of freedom, warning, fine, and community sentence. The countries participating in the survey and the variables available vary across the ten waves.</div>
                
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					AVAILABLE.  This study is freely available to the general public.
                
                  
                

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<AccessConditions>
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The original collector of the data, ICPSR, and the relevant funding agency bear no 
                responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
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     <OrganizationName xmlns="ddi:archive:3_1">Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Rearch</OrganizationName>
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       <City>Ann Arbor</City>
       <State>MI</State>
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     <URL>http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/</URL>
     <Email>netmail@icpsr.umich.edu</Email>
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