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<codeBook version="1.2.2" ID="ICPSR09222">
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		<citation>
			<titlStmt>
				<titl>Metadata record for Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS), 1987</titl>
			</titlStmt>
			<prodStmt>
				<producer abbr="ICPSR">
					<ExtLink URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/images/icpsr-logo.gif" title="ICPSR Logo" role="image" /> 
					Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
					<ExtLink URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ICPSR/" title="URL of ICPSR Web Site" />
				</producer>
				<copyright>
					ICPSR metadata records are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License <ExtLink URI="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/" title="Link to full text of license" />.
				</copyright>
			</prodStmt>
			<verStmt>
				
				<version date="2013-05-22">2013-05-22</version>
			</verStmt>
			
			
				<holdings URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/ddi2/studies/9222"></holdings>
			
		</citation>
	</docDscr>
	<stdyDscr>
       <citation>
           <titlStmt>
             <titl>Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS), 1987</titl>
 				
		            
             		<altTitl>Sample Survey of Law Enforcement Agencies</altTitl>
             	
             <IDNo agency="ICPSR">9222</IDNo>
             <IDNo agency="CrossRef">10.3886/ICPSR09222.v3</IDNo>
           </titlStmt>
           <rspStmt>
    	
			<AuthEnty affiliation="United States Department of Justice. Bureau of Justice Statistics">United States Department of Justice. Bureau of Justice Statistics</AuthEnty>
    	
           </rspStmt>
           <prodStmt>
				
    				
    					<fundAg>United States Department of Justice. Office of Justice Programs. Bureau of Justice Statistics</fundAg>
    				
				

           </prodStmt>
           <distStmt>
             <distrbtr abbr="ICPSR" affiliation="Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan" URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ICPSR/">
               <ExtLink URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/images/icpsr-logo.gif" title="Logo" />
               Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
               <ExtLink URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ICPSR/" title="URL" />
             </distrbtr>
             <distDate date="1989-12-15">1989-12-15</distDate>
           </distStmt>

           <serStmt>
             <serName ID="Series00092">Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) Series</serName>
           </serStmt>


    	
           <verStmt>
           
             <version date="2012-08-01">2012-08-01</version> 
             
             <notes>2012-08-01 Short and long form surveys have been added to the codebook.</notes>
           </verStmt>
    	
           <verStmt>
           
             <version date="2008-12-04">2008-12-04</version> 
             
             <notes>2008-12-04 The dataset was updated with the full Hermes generated product suite and the codebook has been updated.</notes>
           </verStmt>
    	
           <verStmt>
           
             <version date="1997-05-30">1997-05-30</version> 
             
             <notes>1997-05-30 Minor corrections have been made to the codebook. In addition, SAS data definition statements are now available for this collection, and the SPSS data definition statements were updated.</notes>
           </verStmt>
    	


           <biblCit>United States Department of Justice. Bureau of Justice Statistics. Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS), 1987. ICPSR09222-v3. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2012-08-01. doi:10.3886/ICPSR09222.v3</biblCit>

				<holdings URI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09222.v3"></holdings>


        </citation>
      <stdyInfo>
           <subject>
		
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">administration</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">budgets</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">law enforcement</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">law enforcement agencies</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">management</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">personnel</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">police departments</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">statistical data</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">wages and salaries</keyword>
      	
      		<keyword vocab="thesaurus">workers</keyword>
      	
		
      		<topcClas source="archive" vocab="ICPSR subject classifications">ICPSR.XVII.E</topcClas>
      	
      		<topcClas source="archive" vocab="NACJD subject classifications">NACJD.IX</topcClas>
      	
           </subject>
          <abstract>This survey, the first in the Bureau of Justice Statistics' program on Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS), presents information on three types of general purpose law enforcement agencies: state police, local police, and sheriffs' departments. Data from the primary state police agency in each of 49 states (Hawaii does not have a state police agency) are also presented. Variables include size of the populations served by the typical police or sheriffs' department, levels of employment and spending, various functions of the department, average salary levels for uniformed officers, and other matters relating to management and personnel.</abstract>
 			
 			
 			
           <sumDscr>
           
		
		
				
      		<timePrd event="start" date="1987-06" cycle="P1">1987-06</timePrd>
      		<timePrd event="end" date="1988-06" cycle="P1">1988-06</timePrd>
			
			
      		
      		
      	
		
 		
				
      		<collDate event="start" date="1988-07" cycle="P1">1988-07</collDate>
      		<collDate event="end" date="1989-03" cycle="P1">1989-03</collDate>
			
			
      		
      	
    	
    		<geogCover>United States</geogCover>
    	
    	
    	
	    	
	    		<universe>All United States state law enforcement agencies and city and township law enforcement agencies.</universe>
	    	
	    	
	    		<dataKind>survey data</dataKind>
	    	
           </sumDscr>
       </stdyInfo>
       <method>
           <dataColl>

             <sampProc>State law enforcement agencies and city and township law enforcement agencies with 135 or more sworn employees were selected. County police, as distinguished from sheriffs' departments, were combined with municipal and township law enforcement agencies in the category of local police agencies. The remaining agencies were selected in a two-stage process. The first-stage units were counties, the same as those selected for the SURVEY OF INMATES OF LOCAL JAILS, 1983 [UNITED STATES] (ICPSR 8274). For that survey, all counties in the United States were divided into five strata based on the average daily inmate population of the jails in the county. The first stratum included all counties containing jails with average daily populations of 100 inmates or more. These counties were included with certainty. The other four strata, with decreasing average jail populations, were sampled at varying intervals. A sixth stratum was added for the LEMAS survey to represent those states with combined jail/prison systems that were not included in the 1983 Survey of Local Jails. All counties in these states were included with certainty. All county-level law enforcement agencies in the counties selected for the sample were included in the survey. The second-stage units were municipal and township law enforcement agencies. A sample of these agencies was selected from within the six strata based on the number of sworn employees in the agency. In all, 3,054 law enforcement agencies were included in the sample. The final weight assigned to each case was the inverse of its probability of selection.</sampProc>
            



             <sources>
             
    		<dataSrc>self-enumerated forms</dataSrc>
    	
             </sources>
             
    	

		<cleanOps><p>ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of 
	disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major 
	statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to 
	these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:</p><list type="bulleted">
	<itm>Performed consistency checks.</itm><itm>Created variable labels and/or value labels.</itm><itm>Standardized missing values.</itm><itm>Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.</itm>
	</list>
	</cleanOps>
	
           </dataColl>

           <notes>The number of sheriffs' agencies in this report may not correspond exactly to the totals found in other publications. Also, the total number of agencies is the result of the weighted sample and not an exact count of all agencies nationwide.</notes>

           <notes>During the course of data collection, the sampling frame was found to be deficient in Texas because a number of constable offices had not been included. A systematic sample of one-fourth of these offices was added to the survey.</notes>


          <anlyInfo>


          </anlyInfo>
       </method>
       <dataAccs>
           <setAvail media="online">
			
			
             <accsPlac URI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09222.v3">Ann Arbor, Mi.: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research</accsPlac>
			
            </setAvail>
           <useStmt>
                <specPerm>Additional special permissions, where applicable, are described in the restrictions
                field.</specPerm>
                
 <conditions>
 	





<p>Please read the terms of use below. If you agree to them, click on the "I Agree" button to proceed. If you do not agree, you can click on the "I Do Not Agree" button to return to the home page.</p> <p>ICPSR adheres to the principles of the Data Seal of Approval <ExtLink URI="http://www.datasealofapproval.org/"/>, which, in part, require the data consumer to comply with access regulations imposed both by law and by the data repository, and to conform to codes of conduct that are generally accepted in higher education and scientific research for the exchange of knowledge and information. </p> <p>These data are distributed under the following terms of use, which are governed by ICPSR. By continuing past this point to the data retrieval process, you signify your agreement to comply with the requirements stated below:</p> <head n="2">Privacy of RESEARCH SUBJECTS</head> <p>Any intentional identification of a RESEARCH SUBJECT (whether an individual or an organization) or unauthorized disclosure of his or her confidential information violates the PROMISE OF CONFIDENTIALITY given to the providers of the information. Therefore, users of data agree:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <itm><p>To use these datasets solely for research or statistical purposes and not for investigation of specific RESEARCH SUBJECTS, except when identification is authorized in writing by ICPSR (netmail@icpsr.umich.edu <ExtLink URI="mailto:netmail@icpsr.umich.edu"/> )</p></itm> <itm><p>To make no use of the identity of any RESEARCH SUBJECT discovered inadvertently, and to advise ICPSR of any such discovery (netmail@icpsr.umich.edu <ExtLink URI="mailto:netmail@icpsr.umich.edu"/> )</p></itm> </list> <head n="2">Redistribution of Data</head> <p>You agree not to redistribute data or other materials without the written agreement of ICPSR, unless: </p> <list type="ordered"> <itm><p>You serve as the OFFICIAL or DESIGNATED REPRESENTATIVE at an ICPSR MEMBER INSTITUTION and are assisting AUTHORIZED USERS with obtaining data, or</p></itm> <itm><p>You are collaborating with other AUTHORIZED USERS to analyze the data for research or instructional purposes.</p></itm> </list> <p>When sharing data or other materials in these approved ways, you must include all accompanying files with the data, including terms of use. More information on  permission to redistribute data <ExtLink URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/content/datamanagement/policies/redistribute.html"/> can be found on the ICPSR Web site.</p> <head n="2">Citing Data</head> <p>You agree to reference the recommended bibliographic citation in any publication that employs resources provided by ICPSR. Authors of publications based on ICPSR data are required to send citations of their published works to ICPSR for inclusion in a database of related publications (bibliography@icpsr.umich.edu <ExtLink URI="mailto:bibliography@icpsr.umich.edu"/>) .</p> <head n="2">Disclaimer</head> <p>You acknowledge that the original collector of the data, ICPSR, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.</p> <head n="2">Violations</head> <p>If ICPSR determines that the terms of this agreement have been violated, ICPSR will act according to our policy on terms of use violations <ExtLink URI="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/ICPSR/support/faqs/2008/10/what-are-consequences-of-violating"/>. Sanctions can include:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <itm><p>ICPSR may revoke the existing agreement, demand the return of the data in question, and deny all future access to ICPSR data.</p></itm> <itm><p>The violation may be reported to the Research Integrity Officer, Institutional Review Board, or Human Subjects Review Committee of the user's institution. A range of sanctions are available to institutions including revocation of tenure and termination.</p></itm> <itm><p>If the confidentiality of human subjects has been violated, the case may be reported to the Federal Office for Human Research Protections. This may result in an investigation of the user's institution, which can result in institution-wide sanctions including the suspension of all research grants. </p></itm> <itm><p>A court may award the payment of damages to any individual(s)/organization(s) harmed by the breach of the agreement.</p></itm> </list> <head n="2">Definitions</head> <list type="bulleted"><itm><hi>authorized user</hi> - A faculty member, staff member, or student at a member institution</itm><itm><hi>ICPSR</hi> - Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research</itm><itm><hi>member institution</hi> - An institutional member of ICPSR</itm><itm><hi>Official/Designated Representative</hi> - An individual appointed to represent a university's interests in ICPSR. This individual is also charged with providing user support to campus users. </itm><itm><hi>promise of confidentiality</hi> - A promise to a respondent or research participant that the information the respondent provides will not be disseminated without the permission of the respondent; that the fact that the respondent participated in the study will not be disclosed; and that disseminated information will include no linkages to the identity of the respondent. Such a promise encompasses traditional notions of both confidentiality and anonymity. Names and other identifying information regarding respondents, proxies, or other persons on whom the respondent or proxy provides information, are presumed to be confidential.</itm><itm><hi>research subject</hi> - A person or organization observed for purposes of research. Also called a respondent. A respondent is generally a survey respondent or informant, experimental or observational subject, focus group participant, or any other person providing information to a study or on whose behalf a proxy provides information. </itm></list><p>In addition, the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data stipulates the following conditions:</p> <p>Federal law and regulations require that research data collected by the U.S. Department of Justice or by its grantees and contractors may only be used for research or statistical purposes. The applicable laws and regulations may be found in the United States Code, 42 USC Section 3789g(a), the Code of Federal Regulations, 28 CFR 22, and 62 F.R. 35044 (June 27, 1997) (The Federal Confidentiality Order). Accordingly, any intentional identification or disclosure of a person or establishment may violate federal law as well as the assurances of confidentiality given to the providers of the information. Therefore, users of data collected by or with the support from the U.S. Department of Justice and distributed by NACJD or other ICPSR archives must agree to abide by these regulations and understand that ICPSR may report any potential violation to the U.S. Department of Justice.</p>




 
 
 			
                
					<p>AVAILABLE.  This study is freely available to the general public.</p>
                
                  
                
                
                </conditions>
                <disclaimer>The original collector of the data, ICPSR, and the relevant funding agency bear no 
                responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
                </disclaimer>
           </useStmt>
       </dataAccs>
			
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