<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
      <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/">
      <dc:title>Pretrial Release Practices in the United States, 1976-1978</dc:title>
		
      		<dc:creator>Toborg, Mary A.</dc:creator>
      	
		
      		<dc:subject>courts</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>criminal histories</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>defendants</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>judicial process</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>pretrial hearings</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>pretrial procedures</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>pretrial release</dc:subject>
      	
		
      		<dc:subject>ICPSR.XVII.E</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>NACJD.IV</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>ICPSR.XII</dc:subject>
      	
      		<dc:subject>NACJD.V</dc:subject>
      	
      	<dc:description>Funded by the National Institute of Justice, this data collection
 represents Phase II of a larger project to evaluate pretrial release
 practices. The
 study focuses on four major topics: (1) release--rates and types of
 releases, defendant or case characteristics and their impact on the
 release decision, (2) court appearance --extent to which released
 defendants appear in court, factors associated with defendants'
 failure to appear in court, (3) pretrial criminality--number of
 rearrests during the pretrial period and the factors predicting
 rearrest, charges and rates of conviction for crimes committed during
 the pretrial period, and (4) impact of pretrial release programs--effect of
 programs on release decisions and on the behavior of defendants. The study
 is limited to adult defendants processed through state and local trial
 courts, and to pretrial release rather than pretrial intervention or
 diversion programs. Part 1 is an analysis of release practices and
 outcomes in eight jurisdictions (Baltimore City and Baltimore County,
 Maryland, Washington, DC, Dade County, Florida, Jefferson County,
 Kentucky, Pima County, Arizona, Santa Cruz County, California, and
 Santa Clara County, California). The pretrial release "delivery
 systems," that is, the major steps and individuals and organizations
 in the pretrial release process, were analyzed in each jurisdiction.
 Additionally, a sample of defendants from each site was studied from
 point of arrest to final case disposition and sentencing. Part 2 of
 this study examines the impact of the existence of pretrial release
 programs on release, court appearance, and pretrial release outcomes.
 An experimental design was used to compare a group of
 defendants who participated in a pretrial release program with a
 control group who did not. Experiments were conducted in Pima County
 (Tucson), Arizona, Baltimore City, Maryland, Lincoln, Nebraska, and
 Jefferson County (Beaumont-Port Arthur), Texas. In Tucson, separate
experiments were conducted for felony and misdemeanor cases.</dc:description>
		
      	<dc:date>2005-11-04</dc:date>
	    
      		<dc:type>survey data and event/transaction data</dc:type>
      	
      	<dc:identifier>7972</dc:identifier>
      	<dc:identifier>10.3886/ICPSR07972.v2</dc:identifier>
    	
      		<dc:source>(1) personal interviews, (2) defendant court indices for local
 jurisdictions, (3) program tracking records, (4) FBI and state rap sheets,
 and (5) miscellaneous documents in court or program folders that indicate
a rearrest.</dc:source>
      	
    	
      		<dc:coverage>United States</dc:coverage>
      	
		
      		<dc:coverage>1976--1978</dc:coverage>
      	
      	<dc:rights> ICPSR metadata records are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 
        3.0 United States License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/).</dc:rights>
      </oai_dc:dc>