10.3886/ICPSR20701.v1 Goldin, Claudia Margo, Robert A. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research 2008 birth birth records historical data labor (birth) live births nineteenth century 2008-01-03 2008-01-03 1848 1873 administrative records data 20701 1 This collection contains individual-level data on mid-Nineteenth Century births at the Philadelphia Almshouse Hospital, an institution for the poor and their offspring. Variables in the dataset include age, marital status, place of birth, parity (number of previous children), type of birth, position (1,2,3,4) of birth, day of birth, commencement of labor, hour of delivery, times of stages of labor, sex of infant, total length of infant, body length of infant, birth weight, length of gestation, and total duration of labor.