1 COUNTY STATISTICS FILE 4 (CO-STAT 4): [UNITED STATES] (ICPSR 9806) Principal Investigator U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. First ICPSR Edition September, 1992 Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research P.O. Box 1248 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Publications based on ICPSR data collections should ack- nowledge those sources by means of bibliographic citations. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for so- cial science bibliographic utilities, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications. The bibliographic citation for this data collection is: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. COUNTY STATISTICS FILE 4 (CO-STAT 4): [UNITED STATES] [Computer file]. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census [pro- ducer], 1992. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 1992. REQUEST FOR INFORMATION ON USE OF ICPSR RESOURCES To provide funding agencies with essential information about use of archival resources and to facilitate the exchange of information about ICPSR participants' research activities, users of ICPSR data are re- quested to send to ICPSR bibliographic citations for each completed manuscript or thesis abstract. Please indicate in a cover letter which data were used. DATA DISCLAIMER The original collector of the data, ICPSR, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for uses of this collection or for in- terpretations or inferences based upon such uses. 1 DATA COLLECTION DESCRIPTION United States Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. COUNTY STATISTICS FILE 4 (CO-STAT 4): [UNITED STATES] (ICPSR 9806) SUMMARY: This compilation of data, which was gathered from a variety of federal agencies and private organizations, provides information for the United States as a whole, the 50 states and the District of Columbia, and 3,141 counties and county equivalents (defined as of April 24, 1989). Data are included for the following general areas: age, ancestry, agriculture, banking, business, construction, crime, education, elections, government, health, households, housing, labor, land area, manufactures, money income, personal income, population, poverty, retail trade, service industries, social insurance and human services, veterans, vital statistics, wholesale trade, and journey to work. CLASS IV UNIVERSE: The universe varies from item to item within the file, e.g., all persons, all housing units, all local governments, etc. NOTE: (1) The data file contains data for 3,193 geographic areas: the United States, each state and the District of Columbia, and 3,141 counties or county equivalents. (Three fields in the file identify counties which were in metropolitan areas as of June 30, 1990.) There are 35 records for each geographic area. (2) There are two footnote files in the collection, one for crime-related variables and one for all other subject areas. Each record in the footnote files consists of an item label, a geographic code, and a footnote reference number. The text corresponding to the footnote reference number is contained in Appendix A of the codebook. Footnotes associated with specific data cells qualify the data in one way or another. Some examples include a reference period different from the norm or the combination of data for two or more areas. The data user is urged to review the applicable footnotes for the items to be used. (3) The data dictionary for this collection is not designed for direct use with any software package. (4) The time periods covered for each data item vary. For data series that are available on an annual basis, several years of data will generally be presented. For decennial census and economic census data items, comparable information from a prior census is available in many cases. EXTENT OF COLLECTION: 1 data file + machine-readable documentation (text) + database dictionary EXTENT OF PROCESSING: BLANKS/ NONNUM DATA FORMAT: Logical Record Length Part 1: Data Part 2: Footnotes for All File Structure: rectangular Subject Data Items Except Crime Cases: 111,755 Record Length: 19 Variables: 1,802 Record Length: 712 Part 3: Footnotes for Crime Records Per Case: 35 Data Items Record Length: 19 Part 4: Data Dictionary Record Length: 89 TABLE OF CONTENTS County Statistics File 4 (CO-STAT 4) Page I. Abstract .................................................. 2 II. Introduction ............................................. 5 III Guide to Major Subject Category Abbreviations ............... 8 IV. How to Use the Data Dictionary ............................. 9 V. Source Notes and Explanations ............................... 11 Age (AGE) ............................................ 11 Agriculture (AGR) ...................................... 12 Ancestry (ANC) ........................................ 15 Banking (BNK) ......................................... 16 Business (BUS) ....................................... 17 Construction (CON) .................................. 18 Crime (CRM) ........................................... 19 Education (EDC) ....................................... 21 Elections (ELE) ....................................... 23 Federal Government (FED) ............................. 23 Local Government (GVT) ............................... 26 Hispanic Population (HIS) ............................ 29 Health and Social Insurance (HLT) .................... 30 Households (HSD) ..................................... 33 Housing (HSG) ........................................ 35 Labor Force, Employment, and Earnings (LBR) .......... 39 Land Area (LND) ...................................... 43 Manufactures (MFG) ................................... 44 Money Income (MNY) ................................... 47 Personal Income (PIN) ................................ 48 Population (POP) ..................................... 50 Poverty (POV) ........................................ 55 Retail Trade (RTL) ................................... 56 Taxable Service Industries (SER) ..................... 61 Social Security (SOC) ................................ 65 Veterans (VET) ....................................... 67 Vital Statistics (VST) ............................... 68 Wholesale Trade (WHS) ................................ 69 Workers - Journey to Work (WRK) ...................... 71 VI. County Concepts and Codes ....................................... 73 Appendices A. County Names, Codes, and Level Indicators ....................... 77 B. Metropolitan Area Concepts and Codes .............................. 153 C. Metropolitan Areas with Component Counties ...................... 155 D. Footnote Reference Numbers and Text .............................. 189 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 2 I. ABSTRACT County Statistics File 4 (CO-STAT 4) [machine-readable data file] / prepared by the Bureau of the Census. -Washington: The Bureau [producer and distributor], 1992. Type of File Summary statistics. Universe Description This file is a collection of data from the Bureau of the Census and other Federal agencies, such as the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Social Security Administration, as well as several private organizations, such as the American Medi- cal Association and the Elections Research Center. The universe varies from item to item within the file, e.g., all persons, all housing units, all local governments, etc. Subject-Matter Description Demographic, economic, and governmental data are presented for 2,080 variables for the purpose of multi-county comparisons or single county profiles. Current estimates and benchmark census results are included. The data file covers the following major subject groupings: age, agriculture, ancestry, banking, business, construction, crime, education, elections, federal government, local government, health, households, personal income, population, poverty, retail trade, services industries, social insurance and human ser- vices, veterans, vital statistics, wholesale trade, and journey to work. Also included on this tape are two files containing footnotes related to the data items and a fourth file listing the data dictionary. Geographic Coverage The file provides data for the United States, 50 States and the District of Columbia, and 3,141 counties or county equivalents defined as of April 24, 1989. Three fields on the file identify counties which are in metropolitan areas as of June 30, 1990. Time Period Coverage The time periods covered for each data item vary. Generally, for data series that are available on an annual basis, several years of data will be presented (e.g., personal income data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis is available from 1969 through 1988). For decennial and economic census data, comparable information from a prior census is available in many cases (e.g., 1970, 1980, and 1990 pop- ulation; 1969 and 1979 per capita money income; 1977, 1982, and 1987 retail sales; 1978, 1982, and 1987 farm products sold). 1 Page 3 ICPSR 9806 Technical Description File Structure: Rectangular. File Size: The data file contains data for 3,193 geographic areas: the United States, the 50 States and the District of Columbia, and 3,141 counties or county equivalents. There are 35 712-character records for each of these geographic areas for a total of 111,755 records. The two footnote files contain 19-character records. The footnote file covering all data except crime has 93,257 records; the crime footnote file has 14,288 records. The data dictionary file has 9,786 "records." It is a machine-readable version of the data dictionary that is printed in the technical documentation with the exception that the header appears only at the beginning of the file. The maximum width is 89 characters. This file is not designed for direct use with any software package. File Sort Sequence: The sequence of records in the data file is record indicator (01 through 35) by FIPS State code by FIPS county code. The sequence of records for the two footnote files is 8-character item label by 5-character geographic code by 4-character footnote reference number. Reference Materials County Statistics File 4 (CO-STAT 4) Technical Documentation. The documentation includes this ab- stract, record layout, and additional information pertinent to using the file. One copy accompanies each file order. Additional copies are available for $10.00 from Customer Services, Data User Services Divi- sion, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233. Phone: (301) 7634100. Related Printed Reports and Data Files U.S. Bureau of the Census. State and Metropolitan Area Data Book; 1991. Ibis report is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO), P.O. Box 3719154, Pitts- burgh, PA 15250-7954. GPO Stock Number: 003-024-07259-9. GPO Phone Number: (202) 783-3238. This report is also available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). NTIS Stock Number: PB91-212639. To order or inquire about NTIS special delivery options, call (703) 487-4650. Cost: $26. U.S. Bureau of the Census. County and City Data Book, 1988. This report is available from the Su- perintendent of Documents, GPO, at the above address and phone number. Stock Number: 003-024- 06709-9. Cost: $36. U.S. Bureau of the Census. State and Metropolitan Area Data Book, 1986 This report is available from the Superintendent of Documents, GPO, at the above address and phone number. Stock Number: 003- 024-06334-4. Cost: $28. U.S. Bureau of the Census. County and City Data Book, 1983. This report is out of print. It is available on microfiche from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, at the above address and phone number. Cost: $15. U.S. Bureau of the Census. State and Metropolitan Area Data Book, 1982. This report is out of print. It is available on microfiche from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, at the above address and 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 4 phone number. Cost: $10. All county data from these reports are on this file; some of the data on this tape may reflect revisions made by the source agencies since originally published. Data from these publications are available on computer tape, diskettes, and/or CD-ROM. For further information on the format and cost of these data files, contact Customer Services, Bureau of the Cen- sus, at the above address and phone number. File Availability County Statistics File 4 (CO-STAT 4) is available on computer tape for $175 at either 6250 or 1600 bpi, ASCH or EBCDIC, labeled or unlabeled. The file is also available on IBM 3480 compatible tape cartridge for the same price. When ordering, please use the order form on the following page. To obtain order form, write to: Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233; Phone: (301) 763-4100; Fax: (301) 763-4794. 1 Page 5 ICPSR 9806 II. INTRODUCTION County Statistics File 4 (CO-STAT 4) General Product Description CO-STAT 4 is the fourth in a series of files expected to be issued periodically in conjunction with feature publications in the County and City Data Book (CCDB) and State and Metropolitan Area Data Book (SMADB) series. Emphasis has been placed on extending time series in contrast to most other statistical files, which feature data for the most recent period. The CO-STAT 4 tape consists of four files: a data file, two footnote files, and a data dictionary file. The data file provides 2,080 data items covering the following general areas: age, agriculture, ancestry, banking, business, construction, crime, education, elections, federal government, local government, health, house- holds, housing, labor, land area, manufactures, money income, personal income, population, poverty, retail trade, service industries, social insurance and human services, veterans, vital statistics, wholesale trade, and journey to work. The data file includes all of the data published for counties in the last three editions of the SMADB (1991, 1986, and 1982) and the last two editions of the CCDB (1988 and 1983), as well as a number of data items not previously published. File Organization Data File. There are 111,755 records: 35 each for the United States, each State and the District of Columbia, and 3,141 counties and county equivalents defined as of April 24, 1989. Each record consists of 712 characters. All records contain a record indicator, a FIPS State/county code, a geographic level indicator, FIPS codes for metropolitan areas defined as of June 30, 1990, and the area name (left-justified and blank-flued). Records 01 through 34 have 60 data items; record 35 has 40 data items. Records are sorted on record indicator and FIPS State/county code. This sequences all the data on record 01 first (U.S. record, followed by the Alabama State record, the Alabama county records, etc.). Footnote Files. There are two 19-character footnote files on this tape: one with the footnote information for the crime data items, the other with footnote information for all other major subject categories. The crime footnote file has 14,288 records; the other, 93,257 records. Each record contains an 8-character item label, a 5-character geographic code, and a 4-character footnote reference number-all separated by one blank space. The sort order of these files is 8-character item label by 5-character geographic code by 4-character footnote reference number. A sample of these files follows: AGE01080 04012 5071 AGE01080 04027 5071 AGE01080 35006 5070 AGE01080 35061 5070 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 6 The text corresponding to the 4-character footnote reference numbers is presented in appendix A, as illus- trated below: 5071 La Paz County included with Yuma County; data not available separately. The crime footnote file has entries of CRM-##, where ## represents the data year. The three dashes are used in place of the data item series in the 8-character label because these footnotes apply to all the crime data for that particular year. The 4-character footnote reference number for these items is 7020, which indicates that the data are not complete for the area. For more information, see source. Each data item is represented by at least one record, usually more. If a data item has no footnotes, the geo- graphic code is blank and the footnote reference number entry is "NONE." Data Dictionary File. The text of the data dictionary appears as printed in chapter V with the exception that the header appears only at the beginning of the file. It has a maximum width of 89 characters. It is not designed for direct use with any software package. See chapter IV, "How to Use the Data Dictionary," for an explanation of the information fields shown. Technical Conventions Flag Fields and Data Fields. Each data item is represented by a pair of numeric fields: a 1-character flag field and a 10-character data field. The flag field entry is usually zero (0), although flags 1 and 3 through 7 also appear. Flags 0, 1, and 3 through 7 represent the following: Symbol Used Flag in Publications 0 Data present or footnote 1 Footnote present 3 Not available NA 4 Suppressed to avoid disclosure D of confidential information 5 Not applicable X 6 Suppressed; does not meet S publication standards 7 Value greater than zero but less Z than half unit of measure shown A flag of "O" generally means that a data value is present in the accompanying data field. Ibis does indicate the presence or absence of a footnote on the data cell; the appropriate footnote file must be checked. If the data value is "OOOOOOOOOO," this data item may actually have a value of zero or there may be some qualify- ing footnote attached to this cell in one of the footnote files. Footnotes can relate to either the data, such as the employment-size-class footnotes for the County Business Patterns employment data, or the geography, such as the combination of data for two or more areas. The footnote files should always be checked to de- termine the presence of footnotes for any item used. A flag of "1" indicates the presence of a footnote on the data cell. However, this convention applies only to the most recent additions to this data file. The absence of a "1" in the flag field does not mean that there are no footnotes associated with an item; the footnote files should always by checked. 1 Page 7 ICPSR 9806 Negative Numbers. A minus sign (-) precedes a negative number. In such instances, the minus sign is lo- cated in the left-most character of the data field. For example, -100 would be represented by the combined flag and data fields of "0-000000100." Footnotes Footnotes associated with specific data cells qualify the data in one way or another. Some examples include a reference period different than the norm, the combination of data for two or more areas, or a range for the data value. The data user is urged to review the applicable footnotes for the items used. 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 8 III. GUIDE TO MAJOR SUBJECT CATEGORY ABBREVIATIONS (Used in this Data Dictionary and Tape File) AGE Age of Persons AGR Agriculture ANC Ancestry BNK Banking BUS Business COD Geographic code CON Construction CRM Crime EDC Education ELE Elections FED Federal Government GVT Local government HIS Hispanic population HLT Health HSD Households HSG Housing LBR Labor Force and employment LND Land area MFG Manufactures MNY Money income PIN Personal income POP Population POV Poverty REC Record indicator RTL Retail trade SER Service industries SOC Social insurance and human services VET Veterans VST Vital statistics WHS Wholesale trade WRK Journey to work 1 Page 9 ICPSR 9806 IV. HOW TO USE THE DATA DICTIONARY DATA DICTIONARY FIELDS Label Each data item has been assigned a unique 8-character label e.g., POP01080. The first three characters of the label indicate the major subject category (as listed in chapter III) of the item and is the key to the con- cept definitions provided in chapter VI, "Source Notes and Explanations." The fourth through sixth charac- ters are numbers used to uniquely identify the data item series among all series in that subject category. The last two characters indicate the reference year of the data. The sort order of the data items on this file and in the data dictionary is based on this 8-character label. Beg (begin) This is the location within the record of the first character of each item (geographic information, flag, data, etc.) on the file. Rec (record indicator) This number specifies on which of the 35 records each item is located (01 = first segment; ... ; 35 = last segment). Description In addition to describing the item, this field notes copyright restrictions. Permission to reproduce copyright material should be obtained directly from the copyright owner as listed in chapter VI, "Source Notes and Explanations." Another entry in this field is "(S);" this denotes that the decennial census data item shown is sample, not complete-count data. The following is a list of other abbreviations used in this field. ADM Average daily membership CBP County Business Pattems DOD Department of Defense EG For example ETC Et cetera FY Fiscal year LP Liquefied petroleum NCI National Cancer Institute NECMA New England County Metropolitan Area SMSA Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area STF-1C Summary Tape File - 1C Unt (unit Indicator) This column lists the abbreviation of the unit (of measure) indicator for the item. The following are the ab- breviations used in this document: ABS Absolute number AVG Average COD Geographic code DOL Dollars MIL Millions ML$ Millions of dollars 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 10 PCT Percent RTE Rate RTO Ratio SEG Segment indicator SQM Square miles SYM Symbol THO Thousands TH$ Thousands of dollars TXT Text YRS Years Dec (decimal places) This column indicates the number of implied decimal places. Only integers are shown on the data file. The unit of measure and number of implied decimals must be considered together; for example, ML$ (millions of dollars) with 1 implied decimal indicates that the effective unit of measure is hundreds of thousands of dollars. US total This column gives the U.S. total for the data item. It is a helpful check when extracting data from the data file. Source This column lists the abbreviation (up to 6 characters) of the source for the data item. These abbreviations and the source agencies are listed below. ADA American Dental Association AHA American Hospital Association AMA American Medical Association ANA American Nurses Association BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics CENSUS Bureau of the Census CSA Community Services Administration ERC Elections Research Center FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FHLBB Federal Home Loan Bank Board HCFA Health Care Financing Administration NCES National Center for Education Statistics NCHS National Center for Health Statistics OPM Office of Personnel Management SSA Social Security Administration VA Veterans Administration 1 Page 11 ICPSR 9806 V. SOURCE NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS Presentation format. The three-letter codes that appear at the extreme left margin throughout this chapter mark the beginning of each major grouping of subjects. The codes range from AGE for Age of persons through WRK for Workers-journey to work. All listings (consisting of three-digit numbered codes and condensed subject names), source agencies, and text for a group of subjects are presented before the next major subject is pre- sented. For the full version of subject names, see the data dictionary in Chapter V. AGE AGE 010 MEDIAN AGE 020 PERSONS UNDER 5 YEARS OLD 021 PERSONS UNDER 5 YEARS OLD (NCI) 030 PERSONS 5 TO 17 YEARS OLD 040 PERSONS 5 TO 14 YEARS OLD 051 PERSONS 5 TO 9 YEARS OLD (NCI) 061 PERSONS 10 TO 14 YEARS OLD (NCI) 081 PERSONS 15 TO 19 YEARS OLD (NCI) 090 PERSONS 15 YEARS OLD 110 PERSONS 16 YEARS OLD 120 PERSONS 17 YEARS OLD 130 PERSONS 18 YEARS OLD & OVER 140 PERSONS 18 TO 64 YEARS OLD 150 PERSONS 18 YEARS OLD 160 PERSONS 19 YEARS OLD 171 PERSONS 20 TO 24 YEARS OLD (NCI) 180 PERSONS 20 YEARS OLD 200 PERSONS 21 YEARS OLD 210 PERSONS 22 TO 24 YEARS OLD 230 PERSONS 25 TO 29 YEARS OLD 231 PERSONS 25 TO 29 YEARS OLD (NCI) 240 PERSONS 30 TO 34 YEARS OLD 241 PERSONS 30 TO 34 YEARS OLD (NCI) 250 PERSONS 35 TO 44 YEARS OLD 251 PERSONS 35 TO 44 YEARS OLD (NCI) 270 PERSONS 45 TO 54 YEARS OLD 271 PERSONS 45 TO 54 YEARS OLD (NCI) 280 PERSONS 55 TO 59 YEARS OLD 281 PERSONS 55 TO 59 YEARS OLD (NCI) 291 PERSONS 60 TO 64 YEARS OLD (NCI) 300 PERSONS 60 TO 61 YEARS OLD 310 PERSONS 62 TO 64 YEARS OLD 320 PERSONS 65 YEARS OLD & OVER 331 PERSONS 65 TO 74 YEARS OLD (NCI) 341 PERSONS 75 YEARS OLD AND OVER (NCI) 800 PERSONS UNDER 1 YEAR OLD (S) 810 PERSONS I TO 4 YEARS OLD (S) 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 12 820 PERSONS 5 YEARS OLD & OVER (S) 830 PERSONS 5 TO 9 YEARS OLD (S) 840 PERSONS 10 TO 13 YEARS OLD (S) 850 PERSONS 14 TO 17 YEARS OLD (S) 860 PERSONS 18 YEARS OLD & OVER (S) 870 PERSONS 18 YEARS OLD (S) 880 PERSONS 19 YEARS OLD (S) 890 PERSONS 20 YEARS OLD (S) 900 PERSONS 21 TO 24 YEARS OLD (S) 910 PERSONS 25 TO 29 YEARS OLD (S) 920 PERSONS 30 TO 34 YEARS OLD (S) 930 PERSONS 35 TO 44 YEARS OLD (S) 940 PERSONS 45 TO 54 YEARS OLD (S) 950 PERSONS 55 TO 59 YEARS OLD (S) 960 PERSONS 60 TO 64 YEARS OLD (S) 970 PERSONS 65 YEARS OLD & OVER (S) Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Age is classified as age at last birthday (i.e., number of completed years from birth to April 1) and is based on replies to a question on month and year of birth on the decennial census form. Data on age are based on complete counts of resident population except where indicated by (S) for sample data from a decennial cen- sus or (NCI) for experimental estimates produced by the Census Bureau for the National Cancer Institute (NCI). For a discussion of complete count and sample data, see POP. The NCI estimates for Alaska and Hawaii reflect special problems relating to geography, identification of race, and military population. There are certainly counties in other states where substantial errors are in- volved because of abrupt shifts in migration trends and errors and inconsistencies in the basic data used. Estimates of persons 65 and over for a number of counties during the 1970's were treated specially because of problems with Medicare reporting. No such special treatment for the 1980's has been applied. The cur- rent results will be examined to determine for which counties this special treatment is necessary. This problem is most pronounced in certain Virginia independent cities and the adjacent counties. Due to relia- bility standards, detailed data for counties with less than 20,000 population have been suppressed. The data-cell entry for these counties is "O," with a flag-field entry of "6" to indicate that the data have been sup- pressed because they do not meet publication standards. Documentation of the changes in the NCI esti- mates methodology will be published in Current Population Reports, Series P-23, No. 158, Methodology for Experimental County Population Estimates for the 1980's. AGR AGRICULTURE 010 FARMS-NUMBER 050 OPERATORS, BY PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION - FARMING 060 FARM OPERATORS RESIDING ON FARM OPERATED 080 FARM OPERATORS WORKING 100 TO 149 DAYS OFF FARM 090 FARM OPERATORS WORKING 150 TO 199 DAYS OFF FARM 100 FARM OPERATORS WORKING 200 DAYS OR MORE OFF FARM 110 AVERAGE AGE OF FARM OPERATORS 140 FARMS BY SIZE-UNDER 10 ACRES 150 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 10 TO 49 ACRES 170 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 50 TO 69 ACRES 1 Page 13 ICPSR 9806 180 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 70 TO 99 ACRES 190 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 100 TO 139 ACRES 200 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 140 TO 179 ACRES 240 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 500 TO 999 ACRES 260 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 1,000 TO 1,999 ACRES 270 FARMS BY SIZE-WITH 2,000 ACRES OR MORE 320 LAND IN FARMS 330 FARMLAND AS A PERCENT OF TOTAL LAND 340 IRRIGATED LAND-TOTAL 350 CROPLAND-TOTAL 360 CROPLAND-HARVESTED 380 IRRIGATED LAND-HARVESTED CROP 400 AVERAGE SIZE OF FARM 430 AVERAGE VALUE OF FARM & BUILDINGS PER FARM 440 AVERAGE VALUE OF FARM LAND & BUILDINGS PER ACRE 470 INDIVIDUAL OR FAMILY FARMS-NUMBER 480 INDIVIDUAL OR FAMILY FARMS-LAND IN FARMS 490 FARMS WITH SALES OF $2,500 TO $4,999 500 FARMS WITH SALES OF $5,000 TO $9,999 540 FARMS WITH SALES OF $10,000 TO $19,999 550 FARMS WITH SALES OF $20,000 TO $39,999 570 FARMS WITH SALES OF $40,000 TO $99,999 580 FARMS WITH SALES OF $100,000 TO $249,999 590 FARMS WITH SALES OF $250,000 OR MORE 600 VALUE OF FARM PRODUCT'S SOLD (FARMS W/SALES $2,500+)-TOTAL 620 VALUE OF FARM PRODUCTS SOLD (FARMS W/SALES $2,500 +)-CROPS 650 VALUE OF FARM PRODUCTS SOLD (FARMS W/SALES $2,500 +)-LIVESTOCK POULTRY, & THEIR PRODUCTS 660 VALUE OF FARM PRODUCTS SOLD (FARMS W/SALES $2,500+)-DAIRY 680 VALUE OF FARM PRODUCTS SOLD (FARMS W/SALES $2,500 +)-POULTRY & POULTRY PRODUCTS Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. The 1987 Census of Agriculture is the 23rd taken by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. The first agriculture census was taken in 1840 as part of the sixth decennial census of population. From 1840 to 1950, an agriculture census was taken as part of the decennial census. A separate mid-decade census of agriculture was conducted in 1925, 1935, and 1945. From 1954 to 1974, a census of agriculture was taken for the years ending in a 4 and 9. In 1976, Congress authorized the census of agriculture to be taken for 1978 and 1982 to adjust the data reference year so that it coincided with the economic censuses covering manufacturing, mining, construction, retail trade, wholesale trade, service industries, and selected trans- portation activities. This adjustment in timing established the agriculture census on a 5-year cycle collecting data for years ending in 2 and 7. Since 1850, when minimum criteria defining a farm for census purposes first were established, the farm definition has been changed nine times. The current definition, first used for the 1974 census, is any place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold or normally would have been sold during the census year. 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 14 The term "operator" refers to a person who operates a farm, either doing the work or making day-to-day decisions about such things as planting, harvesting, feeding, marketing, etc. The operator may be the owner, a member of the owner's household, a salaried manager, a tenant, a renter, or a sharecropper. For partner- ships, only one partner is counted as an operator. For census purposes, the number of operators is the same as the number of farms. The acreage designated as "land in farms" consists primarily of agricultural land used for crops, pasture, or grazing. It also includes woodland and wasteland not actually under cultivation or used for pasture or graz- ing, provided it was part of the farm operator's total operation. Land in farms is an operating-unit concept and includes land owned and operated, as well as land rented from others. Land used rent free was to be reported as land rented from others. Land rented or assigned to a tenant was considered the tenant's farm and not the owner's. All land in Indian reservations used for growing crops or grazing livestock was to be included as land in farms. With few exceptions, the land in each farm was tabulated as being in the operator's principal county. The principal county was defined as the one where the largest value of agricultural products were raised or pro- duced. It was usually the county containing all or the largest proportion of the land in the farm. For a lim- ited number of Western States, this procedure resulted in the allocation of more land in farms to a county than the total land area of the county. To minimize this distortion, separate reports were required for large farms, identified from the 1974 census and prior special surveys as having more than one separately re- portable farm unit. Other reports showing land in more than one county were separated into two or more reports if the data would significantly affect the county totals. These reports were assigned to the appropri- ate counties during office processing. Farmland as a percent of total land is based on the approximate total land area of counties. Irrigated land covers any land in farms to which water was artificially applied in the census year. Land irri- gated prior to but not in the census year is not included. Irrigation may have been used for land planted and harvested, pasture or grazing lands, cultivated summer fallow, or land planted with a crop intended for future harvest. Land flooded during high-water periods was included as irrigation only if water was diverted to agricultural lands by dams, canals, or other works. Cropland consists of land from which crops were harvested and land that could have been used for crops without additional improvement. This includes land in nonbearing orchards and vineyards, from which any hay was cut, land on which crops failed, idle or fallow land, and land used for grazing purposes. Harvested cropland includes land from which crops were harvested or hay was cut, and land in orchards, cit- rus groves, vineyards, nurseries, and greenhouses. Land from which two or more crops were harvested was counted only once even though there was more than one use of the land. Respondents were asked to report their estimate of the current market value of land and buildings owned, rented, or leased from others, and rented or leased to others. Market value refers to the respondent's esti- mate of what the land and buddings would sell for under current market conditions. If the value of land and buildings was not reported, it was estimated during processing by using the average value of land and buildings from a similar farm in the same geographic area. Individual or family farms represent individual or family operations (sole proprietorships), excluding part- nerships and corporations. 1 Page 15 ICPSR 9806 The source reports give counts of farms by value of sales of various sales-size groups. The value of farm products sold by farms represents the gross market value before taxes and production expenses of aB agri- cultural products sold or removed from the place, regardless of who received the payment. It includes sales by the operator as well as the value of any shares received by partners, landlords, contractors, and others as- sociated with the operation. It represents the sum of all crops, including nursery products sold and livestock and poultry and their products sold. It excludes income from farm-related sources such as customwork or agricultural service, income from nonfarm sources, and sales of forest products from farms and ranches. The value of agricultural products sold was collected from all operators. Where the operator failed to re- port a value of sales, estimates were made based on the amount of crops harvested or the number of live- stock or poultry sold. Extensive estimation was required for farmers growing crops and livestock under con- tract. The value of crops sold for a year does not necessarily represent the sales from crops harvested that year. The data include sales from crops produced in earlier years and exclude some crops produced that year but held in storage and not sold. For crops sold through a co-op that made payments in several installments, only the amount received that year was to be reported. 790 RURAL FARM POPULATION (S) Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data for rural farm population in 1980 were obtained from a sample of the population as part of the 1980 Census of Population and Housing, conducted by the Bureau of the Census. Rural farm population refers to people who live in a rural area and on a place with $ 1,000 or more in sales of crops, livestock, or other farm products during the preceding year. ANC ANCESTRY 010 PERSONS OF DUTCH ANCESTRY 020 PERSONS OF ENGLISH ANCESTRY 030 PERSONS OF FRENCH ANCESTRY 040 PERSONS OF GERMAN ANCESTRY 050 PERSONS OF GREEK ANCESTRY 060 PERSONS OF HUNGARIAN ANCESTRY 070 PERSONS OF IRISH ANCESTRY 080 PERSONS OF ITALIAN ANCESTRY 090 PERSONS OF NORWEGIAN ANCESTRY 100 PERSONS OF POLISH ANCESTRY 110 PERSONS OF PORTUGUESE ANCESTRY 120 PERSONS OF RUSSIAN ANCESTRY 130 PERSONS OF SCOTTISH ANCESTRY 140 PERSONS OF SWEDISH ANCESTRY 150 PERSONS OF UKRAINIAN ANCESTRY 160 PERSONS OF ALL OTHER SINGLE ANCESTRY 170 PERSONS OF MULTIPLE ANCESTRY GROUP 180 PERSONS OF OTHER ANCESTRY NOT SPECIFIC 190 PERSONS OF ANCESTRY NOT REPORTED 200 PERSONS OF ENGLISH & OTHER ANCESTRY GROUP 210 PERSONS OF FRENCH & OTHER ANCESTRY GROUP 220 PERSONS OF GERMAN & OTHER ANCESTRY GROUP 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 16 230 PERSONS OF IRISH & OTHER ANCESTRY GROUP 240 PERSONS OF ITALIAN & OTHER ANCESTRY GROUP 250 PERSONS OF POLISH & OTHER ANCESTRY GROUP Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data on ancestry were derived from sample information from the decennial census. 1980 marked the first time that a general question on ancestry (ethnicity) was asked in a decennial census. The question was based on self-identification and was open ended (respondents were required to write their answers). An- cestry refers to a person's parents or ancestors who were born before their arrival in the United States. Thus, persons reported ancestry regardless of the number of generations removed from their country of origin. Ancestry and race are separate characteristics; therefore, persons reporting a particular ancestry may be of any race. For discussion of other population characteristics, see AGE and POP. BNK BANKING 010 BANK DEPOSITS-TOTAL (JUNE) 030 BANK DEPOSITS-TOTAL TIME (JUNE) 050 BANK DEPOSITS-SAVINGS (JUNE) 070 BANK DEPOSITS-OTHER TIME (JUNE) 080 BANK DEPOSITS-DEMAND (JUNE) 090 NUMBER OF BANKS (JUNE) 100 NUMBER OF BANKING OFFICES (JUNE) Source: U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Total figures for bank deposits represent deposits in all commercial and mutual savings banks in the United States. The amount of bank deposits by size of account was shown in the source for total deposits and for three deposit categories: Demand, IPC (individuals, partnerships, and corporations); savings, IPC; and other time, EPIC. Due to the many changes in the banking industry, data for the deposit categories are shown only for the early 1980's. For all counties, individual banking offices-not the combined totals of the bank-are the source of the data. Banking office is defined to include all offices that actually hold deposits and to exclude consumer install- ment loan offices, computer centers, and other nondeposit installations, such as some electronic funds transfer units. It also excludes "nondeposit" trust companies. 280 SAVINGS & LOAN ASSOCIATIONS-NUMBER OF OFFICES 290 SAVINGS & LOAN ASSOCIATIONS-SAVINGS CAPITAL (SEPT or JUNE) Source: Office of Thrift Supervision. Figures for savings capital of savings and loan associations are based on the results of the survey of the dol- lar volume of accounts of savings and loan associations insured by the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation as of September 30 for 1983 and earlier years and as of June 30 for subsequent years. For a given county, data are presented for offices of savings and loan associations-whether home or branch-located in the county. 1 Page 17 ICPSR 9806 BUS BUSINESS 150 PRIVATE NONFARM ESTABLISHMENTS 180 MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENT'S 190 MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENT'S WITH 100 OR MORE EMPLOYEES 210 MANUFACTURING PAYROLL 230 RETAIL TRADE ESTABLISHMENTS 240 WHOLESALE TRADE ESTABLISHMENTS 250 SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Figures for private nonfarm establishments are published in County Business Pattems, an annual report se- ries. The data were obtained from surveys conducted by the Bureau of the Census and administrative records from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). For years other than economic census years (years end. ing in 2 and 7), the Annual Company Organization Survey provides individual establishment data for mul- tilocation firms. Individual report forms received in the economic censuses provide establishment data for multilocation firms included in the censuses, and the Annual Company Organization Survey provides estab- lishment data for multilocation firms not included in the censuses. Data for single location firms were ob- tained from other annual Census Bureau programs such as the Annual Survey of Manufactures, the Annual Retail Trade Survey, the Annual Wholesale Trade Survey, and administrative records of the IRS. Prior to 1988, industry classifications were based on the 1972 edition of the Standard Industrial Classifica- tion (SIC) Manual and its 1977 supplement. This is a system of industry classification developed over a pe- riod of years by experts on classification in government and private industry under the guidance of the Of- fice of Management and Budget. Industry classification of an establishment is based on its primary activity, which is determined by the principal product or group of products produced or distributed or by services rendered. Beginning with 1988, industry classifications are based on the 1987 edition of the SIC Manual. The 1987 edition of the manual represents a major revision for manufacturing industries from the 1972 edition and its 1977 supplement. For more information on these revisions, see Appendix A of the 1987 SIC manual. For a discussion of manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, and services, see MFG, WHS, RTL, and SER, respectively. For data on employment from the County Business Patterns series, see LBR (items 300 through 390). CON CONSTRUCTION 310 NEW PRIVATE HOUSING UNITS AUTHORIZED BY BUILDING PERMITS- TOTAL (16,000 PLACE UNTVERSE) 320 NEW PRIV HOUSING UNITS AUTH BY BLDG PERMITS-IN ONE-UNIT STRUCTURES (16,000 PLACE UNIVERSE) 330 NEW PRIV HOUSING UNITS AUTH BY BLDG PERMITS-IN FIVE-OR-MORE- UNIT STRUCTURES (16,000 PLACE UNIVERSE) 340 VALUATION OF NEW PRIV HOUSING UNITS AUTH BY BLDG PERMITS (16,000 PLACE UNIVERSE) 410 NEW PRIV HOUSING UNIT'S AUTH BY BLDG PERMTOTAL (17,000 PLACE UNIVERSE) 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 18 420 NEW PRIV HOUSING UNIIT AUTH BY BLDG PERMITS-IN ONE-UNIT STRUCTURES (17,000 PLACE UNIVERSE) 430 NEW PRIV HOUSING UNITS AUTH BY BLDG PERMITS-IN FIVE-OR-MORE- UNIT STRUCTURES (17,000 PLACE UNIVERSE) 440 VALUATION OF NEW PRIV HOUSING UNIT'S AUTH BY BLDG PERMITS (17,000 PLACE UNIVERSE) 700 VALUATION OF RESIDENTIAL NONHOUSEKEEPING BUILDINGS- TRANSIENT HOTELS, MOTELS, TOURIST CABINS & OTHER NONHOUSEKEEPING SHELTER 730 VALUATION OF RESIDENTIAL ADDITIONS & ALTERATIONS (EXCLUDES NONHOUSEKEEPING) 740 VALUATION OF RESIDENTIAL GARAGES & CARPORT'S 750 VALUATION OF NONRESIDENTIAL ADDITIONS & ALTERATIONS (INCLUDES NONHOUSEKEEPING) 800 VALUATION OF NONRESIDENTIAL PRIVATELY-OWNED CONSTRUCTION (EXCLUDES ADDITIONS & ALTERATIONS) 810 VALUATION OF NONRESIDENTIAL PRIVATELY-OWNED CONSTRUCTION- INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS 820 VALUATION OF NONRESIDENTRAL PRIVATELY-OWNED CONSTRUCTION- OFFICE, BANK, & PROFESSIONAL BUILDING 830 VALUATION OF NONRESIDENTIAL PRIVATELY-OWNED CONSTRUCTION- STORES & OTHER MERCANTILE BUILDINGS Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Figures for 1984 and earlier years (the 300-series items) represent private residential building permit data for approximately 16,000 places in the United States that were identified as having local building permit sys- tems since 1978. Figures for 1984 and subsequent years (the 400-, 700-, and 800-series items) represent pri- vate residential and nonresidential building permit data for approximately 17,000 places in the United States that were identified as having local budding permit systems through 1989. As 1984 was the transition year, data are presented for both the 16,000- and 17,000-place universes. These universes account for a major portion of new residential housing units started in the United States. In 1989, more than 95 percent of all privately owned housing intended for occupancy on a housekeeping ba- sis were constructed within the 17,000 permit-issuing places. The data-cell entry for counties with no known permit-issuing places or with permit-issuing places not in- cluded in the universe is "O," with a flag-field entry of "5" to indicate "Not applicable." Counties with per- mit-issuing places that issued no permits during the period are represented by a "O" in both the data-cell and flag-field entries. For some counties, 10 percent or more of the annual total has been imputed for non- response and, therefore, has been suppressed (a "O" in the data cell and a "6" in the flag field). U.S. totals include data for the suppressed cells. A one-unit structure is a separate building that either has open space on four sides (detached) or, in the case of semidetached, row, and town houses, is separated from its neighbor by a wall that extends from ground to roof Also, there are no common heating systems or interstructural public utilities such as water supply/sewage disposal. This category also includes buildings containing one housekeeping unit in combi- nation with space for business or professional purposes, provided the buildings are primarily for residential use. 1 Page 19 ICPSR 9806 In structures of five or more units, each building contains five or more units having a common basement, entrance, stairs, or public utilities. If built side by side, they either do not have a wall that extends from ground to roof or they share a heating system or have interstructural public utilities such as water sup- ply/sewage disposal. Included are buildings containing five-or-more-housekeeping units in combination with space for business or professional use, provided the buildings are primarily for residential purposes. Valuation represents the cost of construction as recorded on the building permit. This figure usually ex- cludes the cost of on-site and off-site development and improvements and the cost of heating, plumbing. electrical and elevator installations. Residential nonhousekeeping buildings include hotels, motels, and tourist cabins intended for transient accommodations and other nonhousekeeping shelters such as rooming houses and lodge associations or club buildings with bedrooms. Not included are dormitories, fraternities, convents, etc. Nonresidential construction includes amusement and recreational buildings; churches and other religious buildings; industrial buildings; parking garages (open to general public); service stations and repair garages; hospitals and other institutional buddings; office, bank, and professional buildings; public works and utilities buddings; schools and other educational buddings; stores and other mercantile buildings; other nonresiden- tial buildings, such as sheds, boathouses, bams, silos, etc; and structures other than buddings, such as out- door swimming pools, parking lots, patios, drive-in theaters, stadiums, grandstands, etc. Industrial buildings include plants producing, processing, or assembling goods and materials together with affiliated buildings such as warehouses, garages, administration buildings, etc. Office, bank, and professional buildings include office, bank, and professional buildings used primarily as of- fices. Stores and other mercantile buildings include buildings used in buying, selling, distributing, or storing of merchandise and materials, or performing customer services. Also includes affiliated buildings. CRM CRIME 010 NUMBER OF SERIOUS CRIMES KNOWN TO POLICE 020 SERIOUS CRIMES KNOWN TO POLICE PER 100,000 POPULATION 030 FBI POPULATION 060 NUMBER OF VIOLENT CRIMES KNOWN TO POLICE 120 NUMBER OF ROBBERIES KNOWN TO POLICE 140 NUMBER OF AGGRAVATED ASSAULTS KNOWN TO POLICE 160 NUMBER OF PROPERTY CRIMES KNOWN TO POLICE 200 NUMBER OF BURGLARIES KNOWN TO POLICE 220 NUMBER OF LARCENY-THEFTS KNOWN TO POLICE 240 NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE THEFTS KNOWN TO POLICE Source: U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Through the voluntary contribution of crime statistics by law enforcement agencies across the United States, the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program provides periodic assessments of crime in the Nation as measured by offenses coming to the attention of the law enforcement community. The Committee of Uniform Crime Records of the International Association of Chiefs of Police initiated this voluntary 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 20 national data-collection effort in 1930. UCR Program contributors compile and submit their crime data in one of two means: either directly to the FBI or through the State UCR Programs. Users of these data are cautioned about comparing data between areas based on these respective Crime In- dex figures. Assessing criminality and law enforcement's responses from area to area should encompass many elements (i.e., population density and urbanization; population composition; stability of population; modes of transportation; commuting patterns and highway systems; economic conditions; cultural condi- tions; family conditions; climate; effective strength and emphasis of law enforcement agencies; attitudes of citizenry toward crime; and crime reporting practices). These elements may have a significant impact on crime reporting. Not all law enforcement agencies provide data for all 12 months of the year. Data are as reported to the FBI. To verify that a county has complete reporting for a particular year, check the footnote file for crime data, CRMNOTES. Seven offenses, because of their seriousness, frequency of occurrence, and likelihood of being reported to police, were initially selected to serve as an index for evaluating fluctuations in the volume of crime. These crimes, known as the Crime Index offenses, were murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft. By congressional mandate, ar- son was added as the eighth Index offense in 1979. These totals do not include arson. Rates are based on resident population enumerated as of April 1 for decennial census years and estimated as of July 1 for other years. Population figures used for these rates are from the FBI database. Violent crimes include four crime categories: (1) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, as defined in the UCR Program, is the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another. This offense excludes deaths caused by negligence, suicide, or accident; justifiable homicides; and attempts to murder or assaults to murder. (2) Forcible rape is the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. Assaults or attempts to commit rape by force or threat of force are also included; however, statutory rape (without force) and other sex offenses are excluded. (3) Robbery is the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear. (4) Aggravated assault is an unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury. This type of assault is usually accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily harm. Attempts are included since an injury does not necessarily have to result when a gun, knife, or other weapon is used, which could and probably would result in a serious personal injury if the crime were successfully completed. Property crimes include three crime categories: (1) Burglary is the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft. (2) Larceny-theft is the unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or constructive possession of another. It includes crimes such as shoplifting, pocket picking, purse snatching, thefts from motor vehicles, thefts of motor vehicle parts and accessories, bicycle thefts, etc., 1 Page 21 ICPSR 9806 in which no use of force, violence, or fraud occurs. This crime category does not include embezzlement, "con" games, forgery, worthless checks, and motor vehicle theft. (3) Motor vehicle theft is the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle. This definition excludes the taking of a motor vehicle for temporary use by those persons having lawful access. 300 POLICE OFFICERS Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Police officers include only persons with the power to arrest. It is a sub-category of police protection, which covers all activities concerned with the enforcement of law and order, including coroners' offices, police- training academies, investigation bureaus, and local jails, "lockups," or other detention facilities not in- tended to serve as correctional facilities. The number of police officers shown is full-time-equivalent em- ployment. This is a computed statistic representing the number of full-time employees that could have been employed at the same total payroll cost if all personnel were engaged on a full-time basis at the average monthly pay applying to full-time workers. EDC EDUCATION 230 PUBLIC SCHOOL ENROLLMENT-AVERAGE DAILY MEMBERSHIP 240 PUBLIC SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (FALL) Source: U.S. National Center for Education Statistics. These figures represent enrollment at all levels taught in a public school system, from prekindergarten through grade 12. Grades 13 and 14 do appear in a few school systems containing vocational education courses, and many operating school systems offer postgraduate courses. In addition, school system enroll- ment figures are tabulated on the basis of the county in which the superintendent's office is located, al- though the system may cover some parts of other counties. 710 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-TOTAL 720 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-NURSERY 730 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-KINDERGARTEN & ELEMENTARY (1-8 YRS) SCHOOL 740 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-KINDERGARTEN, ELEMENTARY & HIGH (14 YRS) SCHOOL 750 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-HIGH (14 YRS) SCHOOL 760 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-COLLEGE 770 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-PRIVATE KINDERGARTEN AND ELEMENTARY (1-8 YRS) SCHOOL 780 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-PRIVATE KINDERGARTEN, ELEMENTARY & *UGH (14 YRS) SCHOOL 800 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT (PERSONS 3 & OVER)-PRIVATE HIGH (14 YRS) SCHOOL 900 MEDIAN SCHOOL YEARS COMPLETED BY PERSONS 25 & OVER 910 PERSONS 25 & OVER (FOR CALCULATING EDUCATION ATTAINMENT RATE) 930 PERSONS 25 & OVER COMPLETING 0-8 YRS OF SCHOOL 940 PERSONS 25 & OVER COMPLETING 1-3 YRS OF HIGH SCHOOL 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 22 950 PERSONS 25 & OVER COMPLETING 12 YRS OR MORE OF SCHOOL 960 PERSONS 25 & OVER COMPLETING 4 YRS OF HIGH SCHOOL OR 1-3 YRS OF COLLEGE 970 PERSONS 25 & OVER COMPLETING HIGH SCHOOL ONLY 980 PERSONS 25 & OVER COMPLETING 1-3 YRS OF COLLEGE 990 PERSONS 25 & OVER COMPLETING 4 YRS OR MORE OF COLLEGE Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data for education in 1980 were obtained from a sample of the population as part of the 1980 Census of Population and Housing, conducted by the Bureau of the Census. Persons 3 years old and over were classified as enrolled in school if they attended regular school or college at any time since February 1, 1980. "Regular school or college includes nursery school kindergarten, ele- mentary school and schooling that leads to a high school diploma or college degree. Enrollment in a trade or business school company training, or tutoring was counted if the course would be accepted for credit at a regular elementary school high school or college. Elementary and high school enrollment includes kinder- garten or an organized education program the year before first grade. Children in "Head Start" or similar programs were to be reported in nursery school or kindergarten as appropriate. Private school enrollment statistics cover nonpublic elementary and high schools controlled and supported primarily by religious and private organizations. Data for college enrollment include junior or community colleges, regular 4-year colleges, and graduate or professional schools. Statistics for years of school completed are shown for persons 25 years old and over. The data were derived from two questions on the 1980 census questionnaire, one identifying the highest grade attended in regular school and the other asking whether the respondent finished that grade. Persons who passed a high school equivalency examination were marked " 12" under the highest grade completed (if they had not completed or were not enrolled in a higher grade). Schooling received in foreign schools was to be reported as the equivalent grade or years in the regular American school system. ELE ELECTIONS 010 VOTE CAST FOR PRESIDENT-TOTAL 020 VOTE CAST FOR PRESIDENT-DEMOCRATIC 030 VOTE CAST FOR PRESIDENT-REPUBLICAN 040 VOTE CAST FOR PRESIDENT-OTHER 050 VOTE CAST FOR PRESIDENT-PERCENT FOR LEADING PARTY 060 VOTE CAST FOR PRESIDENT-LEADING PARTY (1 = DEMOCRATIC, 2 = REPUBLICAN) Source: Elections Research Center, Washington, DC (Copyright.) Data presented may differ somewhat from the official figures issued by the Clerk of the House of Repre- sentatives in Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Elections due to revisions made to some of the data by State sources subsequent to submission to Congress. The Elections Research Center receives data from the States after such revisions are made. FED FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 010 FEDERAL EXPENDITURES-TOTAL 1 Page 23 ICPSR 9806 020 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE FED EXPEND & GRANT'S PER CAPITA 050 FEDERAL EXPENDITURES-DIRECT PAYMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS 060 FEDERAL EXPENDITURES-PROCUREMENT CONTRACT AWARDS 080 FEDERAL EXPENDITURES-GRANT AWARDS 090 FEDERAL EXPENDITURES-SALARIES & WAGES Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data on Federal expenditures and obligations were obtained from a report prepared in accordance with the Consolidated Federal Funds Report (CFFR) Act of 1982 (P.L. 97-326), amended 1986 (P.L. 99-547) which specified that the following reporting systems and agencies be used as data sources: Federal Assistance Award Data System (FAADS), Federal Procurement Data System (FPDC), Office of Personnel Manage- ment (OPM), and Department of Defense (DOD). In addition, several other agencies were requested to provide data, usually for selected programs. Most data covering direct payments for individuals were taken from information reported to the FAADS. The two object areas of direct payments for individuals are (1) direct payments for retirement and disability benefits and (2) all other direct payments for individuals. All data represent actual expenditures during the fiscal years. Data covering procurement were provided by the United States Postal Service (USPS) for Postal Service procurement and the FPDC for procurement actions for all other Federal agencies, including DOD. Amounts provided by the USPS represent actual outlays for contractual commitments while amounts pro- vided by the FPDC represent the value of obligations for contract actions and do not reflect actual Federal Government expenditures. In general, only current-year contract actions are reported for data provided by the FPDC; however, multiple-year obligations may be reported for contract actions of less than 3 years' du- ration. The principal source of grants data was the information submitted to the FAADS. The Bureau of the Cen- sus is the Executive Agent for the Office of Management and Budget and is responsible for the operation of the FAADS reporting system. The FAADS data represent the Federal obligations incurred at the time the grant is awarded. The amounts reported do not represent actual expenditures since obligations in one time period may not result in outlays during the same time period. Moreover, initial amounts obligated may be adjusted at a later date, either through enhancements or deobligations. The data were derived by summing the quarterly reports that covered financial assistance awarded between October 1, and September 30. All grant awards were reported by State, county, and city of the initial recipient. For many grants, this recipient is the State government even though the grant monies are subsequently distributed to county, municipal or township governments. These "pass-through" grants generally appear in the CFFR at the State capital city (and in the associated county). No attempt is made in the CFFR to assign the dollar amounts for these pass-through programs to locations other than the State capital. Amounts reported for salaries and wages were obtained from DOD, USPS, and OPM. DOD provided in- formation on military payrolls; data covering civilian employees of DOD were obtained from OPM. Amounts reported by DOD represent estimates of fiscal year outlays by State and county. Data for uni- formed employees of the Coast Guard were obtained from the Department of Transportation. Data for Postal Service employees were provided by the USPS and were based upon place of employment (postal fa- cility). Amounts represent actual outlays during the fiscal year with the national total distributed among the States and counties on an estimated basis. Data on salaries and wages for most other Federal Government employees were obtained from OPM. National totals represent actual expenditures during the fiscal year; the geographic distribution of these amounts by State and county was estimated based upon place of em- 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 24 ployment. Salaries and wages for employees of the FBI were obtained separately from that agency. No data are provided for employees of the Central Intelligence and National Security Agencies. 390 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT (DEC) Source: U.S. Office of Personnel Management. The major source of Federal Government civilian employment data is an automated system of individual records for most Federal civilian employees, the Central Personnel Data File (CPDF), established in 1972 and maintained by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM). It is organized and updated on a monthly basis from data derived from several personnel forms such as the Standard Form 50 "Notification of Per- sonnel Action," submitted continuously to OPM by Federal appointing (submitting) offices. A "Monthly Report of Civilian Employment" (Standard Form 113-A) is collected monthly from each department and agency of the Federal Government except the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency, which are exempt by law from personnel reporting requirements for reasons of security. The OPM data are routinely benchmarked against the December SF113-A reports each year. Excluded from the OPM CPDF coverage, in addition to the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency, are the following agencies or groups of employees in the Executive Branch: Nonappropriated fund employees in defense activities and commissioned officers serving in the Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Commerce, and Department of Health and Human Services. The following Legislative Branch agencies and groups are also excluded: Members and employees of Congress, Congressional Budget Office, Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, and Office of Technology Assessment. With the exception of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, the entire Judicial Branch is also excluded. Employment data are based on duty locations, i.e., where employees work instead of where they reside. The U.S. Postal Service, however, reports employees based on the site from which they are paid rather than actual work site. 400 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT 410 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MILITARY EMPLOYMENT Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. The estimates for number of federal government civilian and military employees are a companion series to the personal income estimates (see PIN). They are constructed from similar sources, primarily the Unem- ployment Compensation for Federal Employees program, using the same concepts and definitions. The employment estimates are the average of 12 monthly observations of the number of full-time and part-time employees. 900 FEDERAL FUNDS-MILITARY RESERVE & NATIONAL GUARD PAY 910 FEDERAL FUNDS-MILITARY ACTIVE DUTY PAY 920 FEDERAL FUNDS-CIVILIAN PAY 930 FEDERAL FUNDS-DOD CIVIL FUNCTIONS PRIME CONTRACTS 940 FEDERAL FUNDS-MILITARY PRIME SUPPLY CONTRCT 950 FEDERAL FUNDS-MILITARY PRIME SERVICE CONTRCT 960 FEDERAL FUNDS-MILITARY PRIME RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CONTRCT 970 FEDERAL FUNDS-MILITARY PRIME CONSTRUCTION CONTRCT 980 FEDERAL FUNDS-GRANTS 990 FEDERAL FUNDS-TOTAL 1 Page 25 ICPSR 9806 Source: Community Services Administration (abolished). The figures provided by the Community Services Administration reflect the fiscal year 1980 distribution of Federal funds of the Executive Branch of the Federal Government by agency, program, and indirect Fed- eral support for every county in the United States. In some instances, however, funds pass through State governments or their intermediaries, such as prime contractors, before reaching the ultimate recipient. A timely and economically feasible means of tracking these funds to the final recipient has not been devel- oped. In some cases, the Federal agencies involved have used a statistical prorating technique that they be- lieve most nearly approximates the probable distribution of the funds on a geographic basis. Department of Defense military contracts data represent funds allocated or identified to the location of the prime contractor's main office. Contracts for less than $ 10,000 are excluded. Grants include aid to State and local govemments, private organizations, and some programs that aid indi- viduals, such as fellowships or research grants. Federal funds are generally reported on the basis of obligations of government-administered funds, except deposit funds. In the Federal Government budget accounting system, "obligations" are funds legally set aside to be spent, but not actual expenditures. Therefore, in some cases, the dollar amounts reported for a particular program reflect obligations incurred in the current fiscal year to be spent over a period of several years; however, few such multi-year Federal programs exist. GVT STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT, FINANCES, & PAYROLL 100 STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. The estimates for number of state and local government employees are a companion series to the personal income estimates (see PIN). They are constructed from similar sources, primarily the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program, using the same concepts and definitions. 600 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE LOCAL GOVERNMENT RATES 610 LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES--GENERAL REVENUE,-TOTAL 620 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-GEN REV-INTERGOVERNMENTAL 630 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-GEN REV-INTERGOVERNMENTAL FROM STATE GVT 640 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-GEN REV-TOTAL TAXES 650 LOCAL GVT FINANCES--GEN REV-PROPERTY TAXES 660 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-GEN REV-PROPERTY TAXES PER CAPITA 670 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-GEN REV & GROSS RECEIPTS 680 LOCAL GVT FINANCES--DIRECT GENERAL EXPENDITURES-TOTAL 690 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DIRECT GEN EXPEND PER CAPITA 700 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DIRECT GEN EXPEND FOR EDUCATION 705 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DIRECT GEN EXPEND FOR ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 710 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DIRECT GEN EXPEND FOR HEALTH & HOSPITALS 720 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DIRECT GEN EXPEND FOR PUBLIC WELFARE 730 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DIRECT GEN EXPEND FOR HIGHWAYS 740 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DIRECT GEN EXPEND FOR FIRE PROTECTION 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 26 750 LOCAL GVT FINANCES--DIRECT GEN EXPEND FOR POLICE PROTECTION 760 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-TOTAL DEBT OUTSTANDING 765 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-GEN DEBT OUTSTANDING 770 LOCAL GVT FINANCES-DEBT OUTSTANDING PER CAPITA 780 LOCAL GVT EMPLOYMENT-TOTAL (OCT) 785 LOCAL GVT EMPLOYMENT-FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (OCT) 790 LOCAL GVT PAYROLL (OCT) Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data on local governments are based on results of the Census of Governments. During the period 1850 to 1942, the census was taken at approximately 10-year intervals. The Census of Governments for the year 1957 was the first census taken after 1942. Beginning with 1957, the census has been conducted by the Bu- reau every fifth year (for years ending in 2 and 7). For each county area, the financial data comprise amounts for all local governments-not only the county government but also any municipalities, townships, school districts, and special districts within the county. Data from governmental units located in two or more county areas are assigned to the county area containing the administrative office. Revenue and expenditure items include all amounts of money received and paid out by a government and its agencies (net of correcting transactions, such as recoveries of refunds), with the exception of amounts for debt issuance and retirement and for loan and investment, agency, and private transactions. Payments among the various funds and agencies of a particular government are excluded from revenue and expenditure items as representing internal transfers. Therefore, a government's contribution to a retire- ment fund that it administers is not counted as expenditure, nor is the receipt of this contribution by the re- tirement fund counted as revenue. Government expenditure includes aB capital outfay, of which a major portion is commonly financed by bor- rowing, while governmental revenue does not include receipts from borrowing. This distorts the relation- ship between totals of revenue and expenditure figures that are presented and renders it useless as a direct measure of the degree of budgetary "balance," as that term is generally applied. Total general revenue includes all revenue except utility, liquor stores, and employee-retirement or other insurance-trust revenue. All tax revenue and all intergovernmental revenue, even if designated for em- ployee-retirement or local utility purposes, is classified as general revenue. Intergovernmental revenue covers amounts received from the Federal or State government as fiscal aid, as reimbursements for performance of general government functions and specific services for the paying gov- ernment, or in lieu of taxes. It excludes amounts received from other governments for sale of property, commodities, and utility services. All intergovernmental revenue is classified as general revenue. Figures for intergovernmental revenue from State government represent all intergovernmental revenue received from the State government, including amounts originally from the Federal Government but channeled through the State. Taxes consist of compulsory contributions exacted by a government for public purposes, except employee and employer assessments for retirement and social insurance purposes, which are classified as insurance trust revenue. All tax revenue is classified as general revenue and comprises amounts received from all taxes imposed by a government. Property taxes are taxes conditioned on ownership of property and measured by its value. Includes general 1 Page 27 ICPSR 9806 property taxes related to property as a whole, real and personal tangible or intangible, whether taxed at a single rate or at classified rates, and taxes on selected types of property, such as motor vehicles or certain or all intangibles. Sales and gross receipts taxes are taxes, including "licenses" at more than nominal rates, based on volume or value of transfers of goods or services, upon gross receipts, or upon gross income; and related taxes based on use, storage, production (other than severance of natural resources), importation, or consumption of goods. Dealer discounts of "commissions" allowed to merchants for collection of taxes from consumers are excluded. Direct general expenditure comprises all expenditures of the local govemments excluding utility, liquor stores, employee-retirement or other insurance-trust expenditures and any intergovernmental payments. Education expenditure is for provision or support of schools and other educational facilities and services, including those for educational institutions beyond the high school level operated by local govemments. They cover such related services as pupil transportation, school milk and lunch programs and other cafete- rias, health and recreational programs, and the like. Health and hospital expenditure includes out-patient health services including public health administration, research and education, treatment and immunization clinics, nursing, etc.; financing, construction, and op- eration of nursing homes; financing, construction, acquisition, maintenance, or operation of hospital facili- ties; provision of hospital care; and support of public or private hospitals. Public welfare expenditure covers support of and assistance to needy persons contingent upon their needs. Included are Cash Assistance paid directly to needy persons under categorical (Old Age Assistance, Aid to Families with Dependent Children, Aid to the Blind, and Aid to the Disabled) and other welfare programs; vendor payments made directly to private purveyors for medical care, burials, and other commodities and services provided under welfare programs; welfare institutions; and any intergovernmental or other direct expenditure for welfare purposes. Pensions to former employees and other benefits not contingent on need are excluded. Highway expenditure is for construction, maintenance, and operation of highways, streets, and related struc- tures, including toll highways, bridges, tunnels, and ferries. Also included are expenditures for street light- ing and for snow and ice removal. Fire protection expenditure covers fire fighting organizations and auxiliary services, fire inspection and in- vestigation, support of volunteer fire forces, and other fire prevention activities. It includes cost of fire fighting facilities, such as fire hydrants and water, furnished by other agencies of the government. Police protection expenditure is for preservation of law and order and traffic safety. It includes police pa- trols and communications, crime prevention activities, detention and custody of persons awaiting trial, traf- fic safety, and vehicular inspection. Debt outstanding includes all long-term debt obligations of the government and its agencies (exclusive of utility debt) and all interest-bearing short-term (i.e., repayable within 1 year) debt obligations remaining unpaid at the close of the fiscal year. It includes judgments, mortgages, and revenue bonds, as well as gen- eral obligation bonds, notes, and interest bearing warrants. It excludes noninterest-bearing short-term obli- gations, interfund obligations, amounts owed in a trust or agency capacity, advances and contingent loans from other governments, and rights of individuals to benefits from government-administered employee-re- tirement funds. 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 28 Figures for local government employment are for the month of October. Data are collected for October because public employment is relatively stable in that month and free from seasonal employment fluctua- tions. Employment refers to all persons employed by and performing services for a government. Employ- ees include all persons paid for personal services performed, including persons paid from State- or feder- ally-funded programs, paid elected off" persons on paid leave status, and persons paid on a "per meet- ing." annual, semiannual, or quarterly basis. Full-time-equivalent employment is a computed statistic rep- resenting the number of full-time employees that could have been employed at the same total payroll cost if all persons were employed on a full-time basis at the average pay for full-time workers. Payroll amounts represent gross payrolls for the 1-month period of October. Gross payroll includes an salaries, wages, fees, or commissions paid to employees but does not include the value of benefits provided by employers. Payroll amounts were reported for the pay period that included the date of October 12; amounts reported for a period other than 1 month were converted to represent an amount for the month of October. 870 GROSS ASSESSED VALUE OF PROPERTY-TOTAL 880 GROSS ASSESSED VALUE OF PROPERTY-LOCALLY ASSESSED ONLY Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data for gross assessed value of property are based on results of a mail canvass of State officials associated with property tax administration, conducted by the Bureau of the Census. This canvass was designed to gather information on values officially set or "assessed" in 1979. Such values constitute the base of property taxation. The most common valuation date for amounts of assessed value obtained for this survey was Jan- uary 1, 1979. However, a number of other dates were used, extending from January 1, 1978, to October 1, 1979. Assessed value refers to the value of the property officially determined for taxation purposes. Total figures represent the value of all property (both real and personal) subject to a general property tax set by State and local jurisdictions. The values reported exclude the substantial aggregate of value legally outside the scope of local general property taxation, attributable to real and personal property in the following categories: (1) Property owned by nonprofit and other qualifying groups or institutions and used for purposes deemed publicly beneficial (e.g., government holdings, religious properties, nonprofit hospitals, and educational institutions); (2) new industrial plants exempt for stated periods of time in specific States, as an inducement to new industry; and (3) other particular classes of property exempted by specific legislative action. HIS HISPANIC POPULATION 010 TOTAL PERSONS 020 PERSONS OF HISPANIC ORIGIN 030 FEMALES OF HISPANIC ORIGIN 040 MALES OF HISPANIC ORIGIN 100 HISPANIC 25 YEARS OLD AND OVER COMPLETING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (0-8 YEARS) 110 HISPANIC 25 YEARS OLD AND OVER COMPLETING 1.3 YEARS OF HIGH SCHOOL 120 HISPANIC 25 YEARS OLD AND OVER COMPLETING HIGH SCHOOL 1 Page 29 ICPSR 9806 130 HISPANIC 25 YEARS OLD AND OVER COMPLETING 1-3 YEARS OF COLLEGE 140 HISPANIC 25 YEARS OLD AND OVER COMPLETING 4 YEARS OR MORE OF COLLEGE 200 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME LESS THAN $5,000 210 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $5,000 TO $7,499 220 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $7,500 TO $9,999 230 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $ 10,000 TO $14,999 240 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $15,000 TO $19,999 300 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $20,000 TO $24,999 310 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $25,000 TO $34,999 320 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $35,000 TO $49,999 330 HISPANIC FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $50,000 OR MORE 400 HISPANIC PERSONS UNDER 5 YEARS OLD 410 HISPANIC PERSONS 5 TO 14 YEARS OLD 420 HISPANIC PERSONS 15 TO 59 YEARS OLD 430 HISPANIC PERSONS 60 TO 64 YEARS OLD 440 HISPANIC PERSONS 65 YEARS OLD AND OVER Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. The Hispanic population data are from the 1980 Census of Population and Housing. In the 1980 census, data on ethnicity were obtained through self-classification. Persons marking any one of the four Hispanic categories (i.e. Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, or other Spanish/Hispanic) are collectively referred to as "Hispanic persons." If, when interviewed, the person reported a multiple origin and could not provide a single origin, the origin of the person's mother was used. If a single response was not provided for the per- son's mother, the first reported origin of the person was used. Hispanic origin is not a race category; His- panic persons may be of any race. For discussions of education, money income, and age, see EDC, MNY, and AGE, respectively. HLT HEALTH & SOCIAL INSURANCE 010 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICIANS-TOTAL 030 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICIANS-ACTIVE 040 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICIANS-INACTIVE 050 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICIANS-NOT CLASSIFIED 060 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICIANS-TOTAL PATIENT CARE 070 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICLANS-OFFICE-BASED PRACTICE 080 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICIANS-OFFICE-BASED, GENERAL PRACTICE 120 NON-FEDERAL PHYSICIANS-HOSPITAL-BASED PRACTICE 130 PHYSICIANS PER 100,000 POPULATION 140 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE PHYSICLAN RATE Source: American Medical Association. (Copyright.) The number of physicians is based on information contained in the American Medical Association (AMA) Physician Masterfile. The file has been maintained by the AMA since 1906 and includes information on ev- ery physician in the country and on those graduates of American medical schools who are temporarily prac- ticing overseas. The file also includes members and nonmembers of the AMA and graduates of foreign 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 30 medical schools who are in the United State and meet U.S. education standards for primary recognition as physicians. Thus, all physicians comprising the total manpower pool are included on the file. However, these data do not include federal physicians and non-federal physicians who are temporarily in foreign loca- tions. Masterfile data are obtained from both AMA surveys and inputs from physicians, other organizations, and institutions. Primary sources are as follows: Medical schooks, hospitals, medical societies, national boards, State licensing agencies, Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates, Surgeon General of the U.S. Government, American Board of Medical Specialties, and physicians. The file utilizes data from pri- mary sources only. For details, see American Medical Association, Physician Distribution and Medical Li- censure in the United States, annual (copyright). Alaska is divided into four judicial divisions; therefore, data for the boroughs/census areas of Alaska are not available. 200 DENTISTS-ACTIVE Source: American Dental Association. (Copyright.) Data for dentists represent the number of professionally active dentists. The count is based on results of a survey conducted by the American Dental Association. The total includes clinical practitioners, dental school faculty or staff, dentists in the Armed Forces or public health field, members of hospital and health organization staffs, graduate students, and students involved in residency programs. 250 REGISTERED NURSES Source: American Nurses Association. (Copyright.) Data on nurses represent the number of employed registered nurses. Since the States collect the data at varying license renewal dates, the data are not strictly comparable between States without adjustment. The American Nurses Association adjusted the data for nonresponse for nurses who did not answer questions on status and place of employment. 300 ALL HOSPITALS 310 ALL HOSPITALS-BEDS 320 ALL HOSPITALS-BEDS PER 100,000 POPULATION 330 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE HOSPITAL BED RATE 350 SHORT-TERM HOSPITALS 360 SHORT-TERM HOSPITALS-BEDS Source: American Hospital Association. (Copyright.) Statistics for hospitals were compiled by the American Hospital Association (AHA) from surveys of all hos- pitals in the United States and its outlying areas. They include unregistered hospitals, as well as those regis- tered by the AHA. Hospitals were asked to report data for a full year ending September 30. A hospital is defined as a facility with at least six beds that is licensed by the State as a hospital or that is operated as a hospital by a Federal or State agency and is therefore not subject to State or local licensing laws. The data cover hospitals of all types and are fairly complete for general tuberculosis, mental and 1 Page 31 ICPSR 9806 Federal Government hospitals. Institutions and services commonly referred to as convalescent and resting homes, nursing homes, infirmaries, old-age homes, and sanatoriums are excluded almost entirely. Hospital beds comprise beds, cribs, and pediatric bassinets regularly maintained (set up and staffed for use) for inpatients during the 12-month period. They exclude newborn infant bassinets. Short-term hospitals have an average patient stay of less than 30 days or admit more than 50 percent of all patients to units where the average length of stay is less than 30 days. 400 NURSING HOMES 410 NURSING HOMES-BEDS 420 NURSING HOMES-RESIDENTS Source: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Items for nursing homes cover nursing homes as defined in the National Master Facility Inventory (NMFI), a comprehensive file of inpatient health facilities in the United States. The three broad categories of facili- ties in NMFI are hospitals, nursing and related care homes, and other custodial or remedial care facilities. To be included in NMFI, nursing and related care homes must have at least three inpatient beds. The minimum standards and regulations for nursing homes vary among the States so that no uniform definition is possible. Residential community care facilities in California adult foster care homes in Michigan, adult congregate living facilities in Florida, and family care homes in Kentucky are not included. NMFI is kept current by the periodic addition of names and addresses obtained from State licensing agen- cies and other organizations for all newly established inpatient facilities. In addition, periodic surveys of nursing homes and other facilities are conducted to update name and location, type of business, number of beds, and number of residents or patients in the facilities. Statistics derived from the surveys were adjusted for both facility and item nonresponse. Missing items on the questionnaire were imputed, when possible, by using information reported by the same facility in a pre- vious survey. When data were not available from a previous census for a responding facility, the data were imputed by using data from similar responding facilities. Similar facilities are defined as those with the same types of business, ownership, service, and approximate bed size. 800 HOSPITAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) PERSONS ENROLLED 810 HOSPITAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) PERSONS 65 & OVER ENROLLED 820 HOSPITAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) DISABLED PERSONS ENROLLED 830 MEDICAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) PERSONS ENROLLED 840 MEDICAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) PERSONS 65 & OVER ENROLLED 850 MEDICAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) DISABLED PERSONS ENROLLED 860 HOSPITAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) BENEFIT PAYMENT'S 870 HOSP INS (MEDICARE) BENEFIT PAYMENTS FOR PERSONS 65 & OVER 880 HOSP INS (MEDICARE) BENEFIT PAYMENTS FOR DISABLED PERSONS 890 MEDICAL INSURANCE (MEDICARE) BENEFIT PAYMENTS 900 MED INS (MEDICARE) BENEFIT PAYMENT'S FOR PERSONS 65 & OVER 910 MED INS (MEDICARE) BENEFIT PAYMENTS FOR DISABLED PERSONS Source: U.S. Health Care Financing Administration. The Medicare program, enacted on July 30, 1965, became effective on July 1, 1966. Effective July 1, 1973, 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 32 Medicare coverage was extended to disabled beneficiaries under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement Program and to persons under 65 years old who require dialysis or kidney transplant for end-stage renal disease. Medicare makes available two separate but complementary insurance programs: (a) Hospital insurance, covering nearly all persons 65 years old and over, disabled beneficiaries under 65 entitied to benefits for at least 24 consecutive months, and covered workers or their dependents with end-stage renal disease who re- quire renal dialysis or a kidney transplant; and (b) supplementary medical insurance, covering those persons entitled to hospital insurance or who have attained age 65 and are U.S. residents who voluntardily pay the premiums or have the premiums paid on their behalf. Beginning July 1973, most persons 65 years old and over otherwise ineligible for hospital insurance may enroll voluntarily and pay the premiums for hospital coverage if they are enrolled for supplementary medical insurance. The number of persons enrolled represents those persons enrolled for coverage in each program as of July 1, the midpoint of the calendar year, as shown by information entered in Social Security records through March of the following year. Benefit payments are interim amounts reimbursed that represent amounts paid in a calendar year to, or on behalf of, insured persons. Included in the figures for the given years are payments representing bills paid in earlier years but received too late to be included in reports covering those years. The hospital insurance program pays for covered hospital services, including room and board, nursing ser- vices (except for private-duty nursing), drugs and biologicals, and other services ordinarily furnished by a hospital to its patients. It also covers related health care services provided by skilled nursing facilities (formerly termed "extended care facilities") and by approved home health agencies. The supplementary medical insurance program provides coverage for a variety of medical services and sup- plies furnished by physicians or others in connection with physicians'services. Included in this category are such services as visits to the home, office, hospital and other institutions. Also included are other services and supplies, such as drugs and biologicals that cannot be self-administered, if they are furnished as a part of a physician's professional service; diagnostic tests, X-rays, radium and radio-active isotope therapy, splints, casts, and other devices used for reduction of fractures and dislocations; purchase or rental of, durable medical equipment; ambulance service; and prosthetic devices that replace all or part of an internal organ. Also provided are miscellaneous services, including home health visits provided by a certified home health agency in accordance with a home health plan established by the patient's physician, hospital services incident to physicians' services rendered to outpatients, outpatient speech and physical therapy services, services of a physical therapist in independent practice furnished in his or her office or the patient's home, and some services of a licensed chiropractor. HSD HOUSEHOLDS 010 HOUSEHOLDS 020 HOUSEHOLDS (S) 030 HOUSEHOLDS-PERCENT CHANGE 040 HOUSEHOLDS WITH PERSONS 65 & OVER 100 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-TOTAL 110 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-TOTAL (S) 120 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS WITH PERSONS UNDER 18 150 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-MARRIED-COUPLE 1 Page 33 ICPSR 9806 160 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-MARRIED COUPLES WITH PERSONS UNDER 18 170 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-MARRIED COUPLES WITHOUT OWN CHILDREN (S) 180 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-MARRIED COUPLES WITH OWN CHILDREN (S) 210 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-MALE HOUSEHOLDER, NO SPOUSE PRESENT, WITHOUT OWN CHILDREN (S) 220 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-MALE HOUSEHOLDER, NO SPOUSE PRESENT, WITH OWN CHILDREN (S) 240 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER, NO SPOUSE PRESENT 250 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER, NO SPOUSE PRESENT (S) 260 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER, NO SPOUSE PRESENT, WITHOUT OWN CHILDREN (S) 270 FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER, NO SPOUSE PRESENT, WITH OWN CHILDREN (S) 300 NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-TOTAL 310 NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-TOTAL(S) 320 NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-ONE PERSON 330 NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-ONE PERSON (S) 360 NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-ONE PERSON WITH FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER 400 PERSONS PER HOUSEHOLD 410 PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLDS 500 PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLDS (S) 530 PERSONS IN FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-SPOUSE (S) 540 PERSONS IN FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-OTHER RELATIVE (S) 550 PERSONS IN FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-NONRELATIVE (S) 560 PERSONS IN NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-MALE HOUSEHOLDER (S) 570 PERSONS IN NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER (S) 580 PERSONS IN NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDS-NONRELATIVE (S) 600 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-TOTAL 610 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-INMATES OF INS ONS 630 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-TOTAL (S) 640 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-INMATES OF INSTITUTIONS-TOTAL (S) 650 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-INMATES OF MENTAL HOSPITALS (S) 660 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-INMATES OF HOMES FOR THE AGED (S) 670 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-INMATES OF OTHER INSTITUTIONS (S) 680 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-IN NONINSTITUTIONAL QUARTERS (S) 690 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-IN COLLEGE DORMITORIES (S) 700 PERSONS IN GROUP QUARTERS-NONINSTITUTIONAL QUARTERS, EXCEPT COLLEGE DORMITORIES (S) Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data for number of households include aB persons occupying housing units. An occupied housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home or trailer, group of rooms, or single room occupied as separate living quar- ters. The occupants may be a single family, one person living alone, two or more families living together, or any other group of related or unrelated persons who share living quarters, except as described in the defini- tion of persons in group quarters (see below). Counts of households, householders, and occupied-housing units are always identical in complete-count tabulations. In sample tables, the numbers may not always be the same because of differences in weighting sample data. Estimates of households for counties in 1985 were derived using the adult-population-per-household 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 34 method. This method assumes that the trend in the average adult population per household in a county since the 1980 census was the same as the estimated trend in the State's adult population per household during the same period. This methodology is explained in detail in Current Population Reports, Series P- 23, No. 156, Estimates of Households for Counties: July 1, 1985. Households are classified by type according to sex of the householder and the presence of relatives based on questions asked on sex and household relationship. A family household consists of two or more persons, including the householder, who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption and who live together as one household; all such persons are considered as members of one family. A married-couple family is one in which the householder and his or her spouse are enumer- ated as members of the same household. Persons classified as "own child" are sons and daughters, includ- ing adopted children, who are single (never married) and under 18 years of age. A nonfamily household consists of a person living alone or of a householder Living with other unrelated in- dividuals. A one-person household consists of one person living alone. The measure of "persons per household" is obtained by dividing the number of persons in households by the number of households or householders. Data for persons in group quarters include all persons not living in households. Group quarters include living arrangements such as prisons, homes for the aged, rooming houses, college dormitories, and military barracks. HSG HOUSING 010 TOTAL HOUSING UNITS 020 TOTAL HOUSING UNITS-PERCENT CHANGE 030 YEAR-ROUND HOUSING UNITS 040 MEDIAN NUMBER OF ROOMS PER YEAR-ROUND HOUSING UNIT 050 VACANT YEAR-ROUND HOUSING UNITS 090 OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS 110 OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS WITH 1.01 OR MORE PERSONS PER ROOM 120 OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS LACKING COMPLETE PLUMBING FOR EXCLUSIVE USE 130 OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS WITH 1.01 OR MORE PERSONS PER ROOM LACKING COMPLETE PLUMBING FOR EXCLUSIVE USE 150 OWNER -OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS 160 OWNER -OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS-PERCENT OF TOTAL OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS 170 MEDIAN VALUE OF SPECIFIED OWNER-OCCUPIED NONCONDOMINIUM HOUSING UNITS 180 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF LESS THAT $10,000 190 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $10,000 TO $19,999 200 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $20,000 TO $29,999 210 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $30,000 TO $34,999 220 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $35,000 TO $39,999 230 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $40,000 TO $49,999 240 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $50,000 TO $79,999 1 Page 35 ICPSR 9806 250 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $80,000 TO $99,999 260 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF S100,000 TO $149,999 270 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNIT W/VAL OF $150,000 TO $199,999 280 SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO $200,000 OR MORE 320 RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS 330 RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS LACKING COMPLETE PLUMBING FOR EXCL USE 340 MEDIAN CONTRACT RENT OF SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNIT PAYING CASH RENT 360 OCCUPIED HSG UNITS WITH BLACK HOUSEHOLDER 400 RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS WITH BLACK HOUSEHOLDER 410 OCCUPIED HSG UNITS WITH HISPANIC HOUSEHOLDER 420 RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS WITH HISPANIC HOUSEHOLDER 440 TOTAL HSG UNIT(S) 450 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS 460 VACANT YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS 470 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS IN ONE-UNIT STRUCTURES (S) 480 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS IN FIVE-OR-MORE-UNIT STRUCTURES (S) 500 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS BUILT 1970 TO MARCH 1980 (S) 510 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS BUILT 1979 TO MARCH 1980 (S) 520 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS BUILT 1975 TO 1978 (S) 530 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS BUILT 1970 TO 1974 (S) 540 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS BUILT 1960 TO 1969 (S) 550 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS BUILT 1939 OF EARLIER (S) 570 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS WITH AIR CONDITIONING-TOTAL (S) 580 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS WITH AIR CONDITIONING-CENTRAL (S) 590 YEAR-ROUND HSG UNITS WITH AIR CONDITIONING-1 OR MORE INDIVIDUAL ROOM UNITS (S) 650 OCCUPIED HSG UNITS (S) 660 OCCUPIED HSG UNITS WITH COMPLETE PLUMBING FOR EXCLUSING USE (S) 680 OCCU HSG UNITS WITH ONE OR MORE VEHICLES AVAILABLE (S) 710 OCCU HSG UNITS WITH TWO OR MORE VEHICLES AVAILABLE (S) 740 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE-HEATING FUEL-ALL TYPES OF GAS 750 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE-HEATING FUEL-UTILITY GAS (S) 760 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE-HEATING FUEL-BOTTLED, TANK, OR LP GAS (S) 770 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE-HEATING FUEL-ELECTRICITY (S) 780 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE-HEATING FUEL-FUEL OIL, KEROSENE, ETC. (S) 790 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE HEATING FUEL-COAL OR COKE (S) 800 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE-HEATING FUEL-WOOD (S) 820 OCCU HSG UNITS BY HOUSE-HEATING FUEL-NO FUEL USED (S) 830 MEDIAN SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS OF SPEC OWNER-OCCU NONCONDO HSG UNITS WITH A MORTGAGE (S) 850 RENTER-OCCUPIED HSG UNITS (S) 860 MEDIAN GROSS RENT-SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS PAYING CASH RENT (S) 870 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT LESS THAN $100 (S) 880 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $100 TO $149 (S) 890 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $150 TO $169 (S) 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 36 900 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $170 TO $199 (S) 910 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $200 TO $249 (S) 920 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $250 TO $299 (S) 930 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $300 TO $349 (S) 940 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $350 TO $399 (S) 950 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $400 TO $499 (S) 960 SPEC RENTER-OCCU HSG UNITS W/GROSS RENT OF $500 OR MORE (S) Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. The housing statistics are from the decennial censuses of population and housing, conducted by the Bureau of the Census on April 1, 1970 and 1980. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home or trailer, group of rooms, or single room occupied or, if vacant, intended for occupancy as separate living quarters. Separate living quarters are those in which the occupants do not live and eat with any other persons in the structure and which have direct access from the outside of the building through a common hall. The occupants of a housing unit may be a single family, one person living alone, or two or more families living together, or any other group of related or unrelated persons who share fiving arrangements (except as described in the definition for persons "living in group quarters"; see HSD). For vacant units, the criteria of separateness and direct access are applied to the intended occupants whenever possible. If that informa- tion cannot be obtained, the criteria are applied to the previous occupants. Both occupied and vacant housing units are included in the housing inventory, except that recreational vehicles, tents, caves, boats, railroad cars, and the like are included only if they are occupied as someone's usual place of residence. Data on housing characteristics in the 1980 census reports are limited to year-round housing units, i.e., an occupied housing units plus vacant units available or intended for year-round use. Vacant units held for seasonal use or migratory labor are excluded because of the difficulty in obtaining reliable data on their characteristics. Vacant year-round represents the proportion of housing units that are vacant. Included in this vacant classi- fication are year-round units offered for sale, offered for rent or sale, rented or sold but awaiting occu- pancy; held for weekend or other occasional use; and held for a janitor or caretaker, settlement of an estate, pending repairs or modernizations, or personal reasons of the owner. Also included are units temporarily occupied by persons all of whom have a usual home elsewhere. A housing unit is classified as occupied if it is the usual place of residence of the person or group of persons living in it at the time of enumeration or if the occupants are only temporarily absent, e.g., away on vaca- tion. A household consists of all persons who occupy a housing unit as their usual place of residence. Total occupied housing units may be obtained by adding "owner occupied" and "renter occupied." Figures for occupied housing units with 1.01 or more persons per room represent the number of units hav- ing more occupants than separate rooms. Rooms are defined as the number of whole rooms intended for living purposes in housing units. For each unit, they include living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, bed- rooms, finished recreation rooms, enclosed porches suitable for year-round use, and lodgers' rooms. Ex- cluded are strip or pullman kitchens, bathrooms, open porches, balconies, foyers, halls, half-rooms, utility rooms, unfinished attics or basements, or other spaces used for storage. Data for occupied housing units lacking complete plumbing facilities include units with (1) complete 1 Page 37 ICPSR 9806 plumbing facilities (hot and cold piped water, flush toilet, and bathtub or shower) but also used by another household; (2) some but not all three of the plumbing facilities; and (3) no plumbing facilities. A housing unit is "owner occupied" if the owner or co-owner lives in the unit, even if it is mortgaged or not fully paid for. All other occupied units are classified as renter occupied. Median value, owner-occupied units, is the dollar amount that divides the distribution of owner-occupied housing units into two equal parts, one-half of the units falling below this value and the other half exceeding it. Value is defined as the respondent's estimate of what the house and lot would sell for if for sale. Statis- tics on value are presented for "specified noncondominium owner-occupied" units (i.e., one-family houses on less than 10 acres and with no business or medical off-ice on the property). Renter-occupied housing units include all units that are not owner occupied, including units rented for cash rent and those occupied without payment of cash rent. Specified renter-occupied units include all renter- occupied housing units except one-family houses on 10 or more acres. Contract rent is the monthly rent agreed to, or contracted for, regardless of any furnishings, utilities, or ser- vices that may be included. Rent includes occupied units rented for cash and vacant units for rent. Median contract rent, for specified renter-occupied units, is the dollar amount that divides the distribution of renter-occupied units into two equal parts, one-half having contract rent falling below this value and the other half exceeding it. The number of units in structure represents the number of housing units in the structure in which the unit is located. It includes all housing units, whether occupied or vacant. The statistics are presented for the num- ber of units in structures of specified types and sizes, not for the number of residential buildings. A struc- ture is a separate building that either has open space on all sides or is separated from other structures by dividing walls that extend from ground to roof Year structure built statistics refer to when the building was first constructed, not when it was remodeled, added to, or converted. The figures show the number of units in structures built during the specified peri- ods and in existence at the time of enumeration. Air conditioning is the cooling of air by a refrigeration unit, such as a central system and/or an individual room unit. The data do not include evaporative coolers, fans, or blowers that are not connected to a refrig- eration unit; however, they do include heat pumps. In data for house heating fuel, gas includes utility gas or gas piped underground from a central system (public utility company, municipal government, or the like) that serves the neighborhood; it also includes bottled, tank, or liquefied petroleum (LP) gas stored in tanks that are refilled or exchanged when empty. Fuel, oil, kerosene, etc., include fuel, oil, distillate, residual oil, kerosene, gasoline, alcohol, and other com- bustible liquids and semiliquids. Selected monthly owner costs are the sum of payments for real estate taxes, fire and hazard insurance, utili- ties, fuels, and mortgage. These data are tabulated for "specified owner-occupied" units, i.e., one-family houses on less than 10 acres without a commercial establishment of medical office on the property. The data exclude owner-occupied condominiums, mobile homes, and trailers. Gross rent represents contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of utilities (water, electricity, gas) and fuels (oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.), to the extent that these are paid for by the renter (or by a relative, welfare agency, or friend), in addition to the rent. Gross rent is presented for "specified renter- 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 38 occupied" units, which exclude one-family houses on 10 acres or more. LBR LABOR, EMPLOYMENT, & EARNINGS 020 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE 040 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE UNEMPLOYMENT 050 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Data for the civilian labor force are the product of a Federal-State cooperative program in which State em- ployment security agencies prepare labor force and unemployment estimates under concepts, definitions, and technical procedures established by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The national unemployment statistics published monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics are obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a Bureau of the Census survey of households. The size of the CPS is sufficiently large to obtain reliable annual average unemployment estimates for all States and the District of Columbia. County estimates, which are controlled to the CPS-based State totals, are derived through the use of statistics from State unemployment insurance operations, as well as adjustments based on data from the CPS, decennial census, and other sources. Unemployment data include all persons who did not work during the survey week, made specific efforts to find a job in the prior 4 weeks, and were available for work during the survey week (except for temporary illness). Persons waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off and those waiting to report to a new job within the next 30 days are included in unemployment figures. An explanation of the technical procedures used to develop monthly and annual local area labor force esti- mates appears monthly in the "Explanatory Note" for State and area unemployment data in the Bureau of Labor Statistics periodical, Employment and Earnings. Labor force and employment data for sub-state areas are produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) primarily for use in allocating funds under various federal legislative programs. Users of these data are cau- tioned that, because of the small size of many of the areas, as well as limitations of the data inputs, the esti- mates are subject to considerable, but nonquantifiable, error. These data are updated annually with revisions to the previous year. Data for earlier years are available, but are not consistent with the data for the most recent period. The major reasons for the inconsistencies between the older data and the current series are as follows: commuting data used for residency adjust- ment, definitions of labor market areas, disaggregation of labor market area employment data to sub-areas, and other methodological revisions. It should be noted that the 1976 through 1982 data series is consistent within itself. 300 PRIVATE NONFARM EMPLOYMENT FOR PAY PERIOD INCLUDING MARCH 12 310 PRIV NONFARM EMPLOY-MAR 12 PAY PERIOD-CONSTRUCTION 320 PRIV NONFARM EMPLOY-MAR 12 PAY PERIOD-MANUFACTURING 330 PRIV NONFARM EMPLOY-MAR 12 PAY PERIOD-TRANSPORTATION & OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES 350 PRIV NONFARM EMPLOY-MAR 12 PAY PERIOD-WHOLESALE TRADE 360 PRIV NONFARM EMPLOY-MAR 12 PAY PERIOD-RETAIL TRADE 370 PRIV NONFARM EMPLOY-MAR 12 PAY PERIOD-FINANCE, INSURANCE, 1 Page 39 ICPSR 9806 & REAL ESTATE 380 PRIV NONFARM EMPLOY-MAR 12 PAY PERIOD-SERVICES 390 PRIV NONFARM ANNUAL PAYROLL Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data for private nonfarm employment and payroll are reported in County Business Patterns, an annual se- ries of State and national publications presenting data on number of establishments, total employment, and payroll on an establishment basis, with economic activity classification reflecting principal activity at each individual location. Data are tabulated by detailed kinds of business based on the 1972 edition of the Standard Industrial Classi- fication (SIC) Manual and its 1977 supplement for years prior to 1988. This is a system of industry classifi- cation developed over a period of years by experts on classification in government and private industry un- der the guidance of the Office of Management and Budget. The coverage includes most of the economic divisions of the economy, i.e., agricultural services, mining, construction, manufacturing, transportation, public utilities, wholesale trade, retail trade, finance, insurance, real estate, and services. Final industry classification codes derived from the 1982 Economic Census processing have been incorporated into the 1983 and subsequent County Business Patterns data. For 1988, industry classifications are based on the 1987 SIC Manual. Statistics for the following types of employment covered in whole or in part by the Social Security program are excluded from basic tabulations: Government employees, self-employed persons, agricultural workers, and domestic service workers. Railroad employment jointly covered by Social Security and railroad retire- ment programs, employment on oceanborne vessels, and employment in foreign countries are also excluded. In years other than Economic Census years (years ending in 2 and 7), the Annual Company Organization Survey provides the individual establishment data for large multilocation firms and a selected sample of smaller multilocation firms. Data for single-location firms are obtained from administrative records of the Internal Revenue Service and from other annual programs such as the Annual Survey of Manufactures, the Annual Retail Trade Survey, and the Annual Wholesale Trade Survey. Mid-March pay period employment for single-establishment firms is the count of employees during the pay period that includes March 12, as reported on Treasury Form 941 or one of the Census Bureau current sur- veys, or as corrected by estimates in those cases where it was incompletely or improperly reported. Em- ployment of establishments of multiestablishment employers is obtained from the Economic Censuses or from the Annual Company Organization Survey or is estimated for those establishments not reporting em- ployment. Annual payroll is the combined amount of wages paid, tips reported, and other compensation, including salaries, vacation allowances, bonuses, commissions, sick leave pay, and the value of payments in kind (such as free meals and lodging) paid to employees before deductions for Social Security, income tax, insurance, union dues, etc. All forms of compensation are included, whether or not subject to income tax or Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax, with the exception of annuities, third-party sick pay, and supplemental un- employment compensation benefits (even if income tax was withheld). For corporations, total annual pay- roll includes compensation paid to officers and executives; for unincorporated businesses, it does not in- clude profit or other compensation of proprietors or partners. 410 TOTAL LABOR FORCE 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 40 420 TOTAL LABOR FORCE-FEMALES 430 ARMED FORCES-MALES 440 ARMED FORCES-FEMALES 450 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE 460 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE-MALES 470 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE-FEMALES 500 EMPLOYED CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE 510 EMPLOYED CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE-MALES 520 EMPLOYED CIVILLAN LABOR FORCE-FEMALES 550 UNEMPLOYED CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE 560 UNEMPLOYED CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE-MALES 570 UNEMPLOYED CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE--FEMALES 610 EMPLOYED PERSONS BY INDUSTRY-AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHERIES, & MINING 630 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-MINING 640 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-CONSTRUCTION 650 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-MANUFACTURING 660 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION, & OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES 670 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-WHOLESALE & RETAIL TRADE 680 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-FINANCE, INSURANCE, & REAL ESTATE 700 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-BUSINESS & REPAIR SERVICES 710 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-PERSONAL, ENTERTAINMENT, & RECREATION SERVICES 720 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-PROFESSIONAL & RELATED SERVICES, HEALTH 730 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-PROFESSIONAL & RELATED SERVICES, EDUCATIONAL 740 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-PROFESSIONAL & RELATED SERVICES, OTHER THAN HEALTH & EDUCATIONAL 750 EMPLOY PERSONS BY IND-PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 760 OTHER SIGNIFICANT INDUSTRIES-CODE 770 OTHER SIGNIFICANT INDUSTRIES-PERCENT 820 EMPLOY PERSONS BY CLASS OF WORKER-FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 830 EMPLOY PERSONS BY CLASS OF WORKER-STATE GOVERNMENT 840 EMPLOY PERSONS BY CLASS OF WORKER-LOCAL GOVERNMENT 850 EMPLOY PERSONS BY CLASS OF WORKER-SELF-EMPLOYED 860 NONINSTITUTIONAL PERSONS 16 TO 64 WITH A WORK DISABILITY IN LABOR FORCE 870 NONINST PERSONS 16 TO 64 WITH A WORK DISABILITY NOT IN LABOR FORCE-PREVENTED FROM WORKING 880 NONINST PERSONS 16 TO 64 WITH A WORK DISABILITY NOT IN LABOR FORCE-NOT PREVENTED FROM WORK 890 NONINST PERSONS 16 TO 64 WITH NO WORK DISABILITY 900 FAMILIES WITH NO WORKERS 910 FAMILIES WITH 2 OR MORE WORKERS 920 MARRIED WOMEN, HUSBAND PRESENT, IN LABOR FORCE 930 EMPLOY PERSONS BY OCCUPATION-MANAGERIAL & PROFESSIONAL SPECIALITY 940 EMPLOY PERSONS BY OCCUPATION-PROFESSIONAL SPECIALITY 1 Page 41 ICPSR 9806 OCCUPATIONS 950 EMPLOY PERSONS BY OCCUPATION-TECHNICAL, SALES, & ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT 960 EMPLOY PERSONS BY OCCUPATION-TECHNICIANS & RELATED SUPPORT 970 EMPLOY PERSONS BY OCCUPATION-PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, & REPAIR 980 EMPLOY PERSONS BY OCCUPATION-OPERATORS, FABRICATORS, & LABORERS 990 EMPLOY PERSONS BY OCCUPATION-MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSEMBLERS, & INSPECTORS Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data for labor force status in 1980 were obtained from a sample of the population as part of the 1980 Cen- sus of Population and Housing, conducted by the Bureau of the Census. Persons 16 years old and over were classified as to their status in the labor force based on replies to several questions relating to work activity and status during the reference week. Reference week refers to the calendar week prior to the date on which respondents completed their census questionnaires or were interviewed by enumerators. Since the week of enumeration was not the same for all persons, the reference week for labor force data is not uni- form. For many persons, however, the reference week was the last week in March 1980. The total labor force consists of persons 16 years old and over on active duty in the Armed Forces (Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard) and in the civilian labor force. Members of the Mer- chant Marine and civilian employees of the Department of Defense are not members of the Armed Forces. Service in a National Guard or reserve unit for short periods of active duty for training does not count as active duty in the Armed Forces. The total civilian labor force includes employed and unemployed civilians. The employed category covers civilians 16 years old and over who were either (a) "at work"-those who did any work at all as paid em- ployees or in their own business or profession, worked on their own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers on a family farm or in a family business; or (b) "with a job but not at work"-those who did not work during the reference week but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent due to illness, bad weather, industrial dispute, vacation, or other personal reasons. Excluded from the em- ployed are persons whose only activity consisted of work around the house or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar organizations. The unemployed category covers civilians 16 years old and over who were neither "at work" nor "with a job, but not at work" and who were (a) looking for work during the last 4 weeks, and (b) available to accept a job. Also included as unemployed are persons who did not work at all during the reference week and were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off. The data on employment by industry represent the kind of business or industry activity in which the person was employed during the reference week. Persons working at more than one job were instructed to de- scribe the job at which they worked the most hours during the reference week. For discussions of manufac- turing, wholesale trade, and retail trade, see MFG, WHS, and RTL, respectively. Professional and related services include health, legal, educational, and other services such as engineering, architectural, and sur- veying services and accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services. For a listing of the industry categories included in the major groupings, see U.S. Bureau of the Census, Summary Tape File 3 Technical Documen- tation, or Classified Index of Industries and Occupations (PHC8O-R3). The universe for the items related to "other significant industry" included the following industry categories 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 42 (shown here with their codes): Agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and mining, 1; construction, 2; transporta- tion, communication, and other public utilities, 3; finance, insurance, and real estate, 4; business and repair services, 5; personal, entertainment, and recreational services, 6; and public administration, 7. Class of worker represents the classification of workers according to the type of ownership of the employing organization. The determination of class of worker is independent of occupation and industry classifica- tions but refers to the same job. Government workers are persons who work for any governmental unit, re- gardless of the activity of the particular agency. Employees of public schools, government-owned bus lines, government-owned electric power utilities, etc., are included; but employees of private organizations who do contract work for government agencies are not included. Self-employed workers are persons who work for profit or fees in their own unincorporated business, profession, or trade, or who operate a farm. Included here are the owner-operators of large stores and manufacturing establishments as well as small merchants, independent craftspersons and professionals, farmers, peddlers, and other persons who conduct enterprises on their own. Persons with a work disability are those persons who have a physical, mental, or other health condition which has lasted six or more months and which limits the kind or amount of work he or she can do or pre- vents working at any job or business. A person is limited in the kind of work he or she can do if the person has a health condition which restricts his or her choice of jobs. A person is limited in amount of work if he or she is not able to work at a full-time (35 or more hours per week) job or business. The data on employment by occupation represent the kind of work the person was doing at a job or busi- ness during the reference week. Persons working at more than one job were instructed to describe the one at which the person worked the most hours during the reference week. Four of the six summary occupation categories are presented here (items 930, 950, 970, and 980). Census occupation categories are fully de- fined in the 1980 census publication, Classified Index of Industries and Occupations (PHC8O-R3). LND LAND AREA 040 LAND AREA IN SQUARE MILES 300 WATER AREA IN SQUARE MILES 310 TOTAL AREA IN SQUARE MILES Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. The Census Bureau provides both land area and total water area for the 1990 census. Area was calculated from the specific set of boundaries recorded for the entity (in this case, counties) in the Census Bureau's geographic database. Land area measurements may disagree with the information displayed on census maps and in the TIGER file because, for area measurement purposes, features identified as "intermittent water" and "glacier" are reported as land area. TIGER is an acronym for the new digital (computer-readable) geographic database that automates the mapping and related geographic activities required to support the Census Bureau's cen- sus and survey programs; TIGER stands for Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referenc- ing system. Water area includes inland, coastal, Great Lakes, and territorial waters. "Inland Waters" consists of any lake, reservoir, pond, or similar body of water that is recorded in the Census Bureau's geographic data base. It also includes any river, creek, canal, stream, or similar feature that is recorded in the data base as a two- dimensional feature (rather than as a single line). The portions of the oceans and related large embayments 1 Page 43 ICPSR 9806 (e.g. Chesapeake Bay and Puget Sound), the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea that belong to the United States and its possessions are considered to be "coastal" and "territorial" water; the Great Lakes are treated as a separate water entity. Rivers and bays that empty into these bodies of water are treated as "inland water" from the point beyond which they are narrower then one nautical mile across. The accuracy of any area measurement figure is limited by the inaccuracy inherent in (1) the location and shape of the various boundary features in the data base, and (2) rounding affecting the last digit in all operations that compute and/or sum the area measurement. Identification of land and inland, coastal, and territorial is for statistical purposes, and does not necessarily reflect legal definitions thereof. MFG MANUFACTURES 010 MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS 020 MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS WITH 20 OR MORE EMPLOYEES 040 MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS WITH 100 OR MORE EMPLOYEES 100 MANUFACTURING EMPLOYEES 150 MANUFACTURING PAYROLL 200 PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS 210 PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MFG ESTAB-WORK HOURS 220 PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MFG ESTAB-WAGES 300 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE 400 VALUE OF SHIPMENTS BY MANUFACTURERS 450 NEW CAPITAL EXPENDITURES BY MANUFACTURERS Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. The early beginnings of America's industrial output were first measured in the United States in the 1810 Decennial Census and again in 1820, when questions on manufacturing were included with those for population. Beginning with the 1840 Decennial Census, there was an enumeration of manufactures industries at 10-year intervals up to and including the year 1900. Because of the increasing dominance of manufacturing in the early 20th century, Congress directed that quinquennial censuses of manufactures be taken beginning in 1905. However, from 1919 through 1939, these censuses were conducted every 2 years. The need for war-related current surveys in the early 1940's postponed the next census of manufactures until 1948 (for 1947). That census was again taken for 1954, 1958, 1963, and 1967. Since 1967, the census of manufactures has been taken quinquennially as part of the Census Bureau's economic census program. Since 1947, the census of manufactures has covered all establishments as defined in the 1987 and earlier editions of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual (see LBR 300-390). The SIC Manual de- fines manufacturing as the mechanical or chemical transformation of inorganic or organic substances into new products. The assembly of component parts of products is also considered to be manufacturing if the resulting product is neither a structure nor other fixed improvement. These activities are usually carried on in plants, factories, or mills that characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. The census of manufactures is conducted on an establishment basis. That is, a company with operations at more than one location is required to submit a report for each location. On the other hand, a company en- gaged in distinctly different lines of activity at one location is required to submit a separate report for each activity if the plant records permit such a separation and if the activities are substantial in size. This census 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 44 includes information for separately operated administrative offices, warehouses, garages, and other auxil- iary units that serve manufacturing establishments of the same company. The 1977 and 1982 censuses were conducted under similar conditions and procedures, except for the fol- lowing: Effective with the 1982 Economic Censuses, uniform instructions for reporting inventories were in- troduced for all sector reports. Prior to 1982, respondents were permitted to value inventories using any generally accepted accounting method, such as first in, first out; last in, first out (LIFO); and market-to name a few. In 1982, all respondents were requested to report inventories at cost or market. Because of this change in reporting instructions, the 1982 data for inventories and value added by manufacture are not comparable to prior-year data. In accordance with Federal law governing census reports, no data are published that would disclose the op- erations of an individual establishment or business. An establishment is a single physical location at which business is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed. It is not necessarily identical with the company or enterprise, which may consist of one or more establishments. Data are shown for establishments in operation at any time during the year. The total establishment count should be viewed as an approximation rather than a precise measurement. The all employees number is the average number of production workers plus the number of other employ- ees in mid-March. Included are all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays, and paid vacations during the pay period. Officers of corporations are included as employees; proprietors and partners of unincorporated firms are excluded. Payroll figures include the gross annual earnings of all employees on the payroll of operating manufacturing establishments. The definition, which is the same as the one used for calculating the Federal withholding tax, includes all forms of compensation, such as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, all bonuses, va- cation and sick leave pay, and compensation in kind, prior to such deductions as employees' Social Security contributions, withholding taxes, group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total includes salaries of officers of corporations but excludes payments to proprietors or partners of unincorporated concerns. Also excluded are payments to members of the Armed Forces and to pensioners carried on the active pay- roll of manufacturing establishments. The number of production workers is the average for the payroll periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and November. Production workers include workers (up through the line-supervisor level) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, ship- ping (but not delivering), maintenance, repair, janitorial and guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with these production operations. Not included in this classification are all other employees, defined as nonpro- duction employees, including those engaged in factory supervision above the line-supervisor level. Production work hours cover hours worked or paid for at the plant, including actual overtime hours (not straight-time-equivalent hours). The data exclude hours paid for vacations, holidays, or sick leave. Produc- tion wages represent all compensation paid to production workers. Value added by manufacture is a measure of manufacturing activity derived by subtracting the cost of mate- rials, supplies, containers, fuel, purchased electricity, and contract work from the value of shipments (products manufactured plus receipts for services rendered). The result of this calculation is adjusted by the addition of value added by merchandising operations (i.e., the difference between the sales value and cost of merchandise sold without further manufacture, processing, or assembly) plus the net change in finished 1 Page 45 ICPSR 9806 goods and work-in-process between the beginning- and end-of-year inventories. Because of the change in instructions for reporting inventories for 1982, 1982 figures for value added are not strictly comparable to prior-year data. "Value added" avoids the duplication in the figure for value of shipments that results from the use of prod- ucts of some establishments as materials by others. Value added is considered to be the best value measure available for comparing the relative economic importance of manufacturing among industries and geo- graphic areas. Value of shipments covers the received or receivable net selling values, free-on-board plant (exclusive of freight charges and taxes), of all products shipped, both primary and secondary, as well as all miscellaneous receipts, such as receipts for contract work performed for others, installation and repair, sales of scrap, and sales of products bought and resold without further processing. Included are all items made by or for the establishment from materials owned by it, whether sold, transferred to other plants of the same company, or shipped on consignment. The net selling value of products made in one plant on a contract basis from ma- terials owned by another was reported by the plant providing the materials. In the case of multiunit compa- nies, the manufacturer was requested to report the value of products transferred to other establishments of the same company at full economic or commercial value, including not only the direct costs of production but also a reasonable proportion of "all other costs" (including company overhead) and profit. The aggregate of the value of shipments figure for industry groups and for all manufacturing industries in- cludes large amounts of duplication, since the products of some industries are used as materials by others. Estimates of the overall extent of this duplication indicate that the value of manufactured products exclusive of such duplication (the value of finished manufactures) tends to approximate two-thirds of the total value of products reported in the census of manufactures. Data on new capital expenditures are also covered in the census. For establishments in operation, and es- tablishments under construction but not yet in operation, manufacturers were asked to report their new ex- penditures for (1) permanent additions and major alterations to manufacturing establishments and (2) ma- chinery and equipment used for replacement and additions to plant capacity if they were of the type for which depreciation accounts were ordinarily maintained. The totals for new expenditures exclude that por- tion of expenditures leased from nonmanufacturing concerns, new facilities owned by the Federal Govern- ment but operated under contract by private companies, and plant and equipment furnished to the manu- facturer by communities and nonprofit organizations. Also excluded are expenditures for used plant and equipment (although reported in the census), expenditures for land, and cost of maintenance and repairs charged as current operating expenses. MNY MONEY INCOME 010 MEDIAN FAMILY MONEY INCOME 100 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF LESS THAN $2,500 110 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $2,500 TO $4,999 120 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF LESS THAN $5,000 140 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $5,000 TO $9,999 150 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $5,000 TO $7,499 160 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $7,500 TO $9,999 170 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $10,000 TO $14,999 180 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $10,000 TO $12,499 190 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $12,500 TO $14,999 200 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $15,000 TO $24,999 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 46 210 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $15,000 TO $17,499 220 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $17,500 TO $19,999 230 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $20,000 TO $22,499 240 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $22,500 TO $24,999 260 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $25,000 TO $34,999 270 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $25,000 TO $27,499 280 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $27,500 TO $29,999 290 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $30,000 TO $34,999 300 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $35,000 TO $49,999 310 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $35,000 TO $39,999 320 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $40,000 TO $49,999 330 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $50,000 OR MORE 350 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $50,000 TO $74,999 370 FAMILIES WITH INCOME OF $75,000 OR MORE 510 MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD MONEY INCOME 550 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF LESS THAN $10,000 560 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF LESS THAN $2,500 570 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $2,500 TO $4,999 580 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $5,000 TO $7,499 590 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $7,500 TO $9,999 600 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $10,000 TO $19,999 610 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $10,000 TO $12,499 620 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $12,500 TO $14,999 630 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $15,000 TO $17,499 640 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $17,500 TO $19,999 650 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $20,000 TO $29,999 660 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $20,000 TO $22,499 670 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $22,500 TO $24,999 680 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $25,000 TO $27,499 690 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $27,500 TO $29,999 700 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $30,000 TO $39,999 710 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $30,000 TO $34,999 720 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $35,000 TO $39,999 730 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $40,000 TO $49,999 750 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $50,000 OR MORE 760 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $50,000 TO $74,999 800 HOUSEHOLDS WITH INCOME OF $75,000 OR MORE 900 AGGREGATE MONEY INCOME 920 PER CAPITA MONEY INCOME 930 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE PER CAPITA INCOME Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Money income was derived on a sample basis for all persons 15 years old and over as part of the 1980 Cen- sus of Population and Housing. Total money income is the sum of amounts reported separately for income from wages or salaries; nonfarm self-employment; farm self-employment; Social Security; public assistance; and all other regularly received income such as veterans' payments, pensions, unemployment compensation, and alimony. Receipts not counted as income include various "lump sum" payments such as capital gains or inheritances. The total 1 Page 47 ICPSR 9806 represents the amount of income received before deductions for personal income taxes, Social Security, bond purchases, union dues, Medicare deductions, etc. Family income is total money income received in a calendar year by all family members 15 years old and over. Household income is total money income received in a calendar year by all household members 15 years old and over. Household income differs from family income by including income received by all household members, not just those related to the householder, and by persons living alone or in other non- family households. The lowest income group (i.e., less than $2,500) includes families/households that were classified as having no income as defined in the census. Many of these were families/households living on income "in kind" (e.g., food stamps, public housing, Medicaid), savings, or gifts; were newly created families/households; or were families/households in which the sole breadwinner had recently died or left the household. However, many of the families/households who reported no income probably had some money income which was not recorded in the census. Median income figures are based on all families/households and represent the dollar amount that divides the distribution of families/households into two equal parts-one half of the families/households falling below this value and the other half exceeding it. To avoid inconsistencies in median income figures for the same population, all medians for family and household income in the 1980 census were based on the same set of 17 categories. Per capita money income is based on resident population enumerated as of April 1 for decennial census years and estimated as of July 1 for other years. It is derived by dividing aggregate money income by total resident population. PIN PERSONAL INCOME 010 PERSONAL INCOME 020 PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME 030 BEA POPULATION (USED FOR PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME) 040 TRANSFER PAYMENTS 050 DIVIDENDS, INTEREST, & RENT 100 TOTAL EARNINGS 110 FARM EARNINGS 220 EARNINGS IN AGRICULTURAL SER, FORESTRY, FISHERIES, & OTHER 230 EARNINGS IN MINING 240 EARNINGS IN CONSTRUCTION 250 EARNINGS IN MANUFACTURING 360 EARNINGS IN TRANSPORTATION & PUBLIC UTILITIES 370 EARNINGS IN WHOLESALE TRADE 380 EARNINGS IN RETAIL TRADE 400 EARNINGS IN FINANCE, INSURANCE, & REAL ESTATE 410 EARNINGS IN SERVICES 420 EARNINGS IN GOVERNMENT 430 EARNINGS IN GOVERNMENT-FEDERAL CIVILIAN 440 EARNINGS IN GOVERNMENT-FEDERAL MILITARY 450 EARNINGS IN GOVERNMENT-STATE AND LOCAL Source: US. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 48 The personal income of an area is defined as the income received by, or on behalf of, all the residents of that area. It consists of the income received by persons from all sources, that is, from participation in pro- duction, from both government and business transfer payments, and from government interest. Personal income is the sum of wage and salary disbursements, other labor income, proprietors' income, rental in- come of persons, personal dividend income, personal interest income, and transfer payments, less personal contributions for social insurance. Personal income differs from money income, which is prepared by the Census Bureau, in that money in- come is measured before deduction of personal contributions for social insurance and does not include im- puted income, lump sum payments, and income received by quasi-individuals. Money income does include income from private pensions and annuities and from interpersonal transfer, such as child support. Per capita personal income is defined as the personal income of the residents of an area divided by the resident population of the area. It is based on resident population enumerated as of April 1 for decennial census years and estimated as of July 1 for other years. Transfer payments are income payments to persons, generally in monetary form, for which they do not ren- der current services. The component includes payments by government and business to individuals and nonprofit institutions. Government payments to individuals include retirement, disability, and health insur- ance benefit payments; unemployment insurance payments; Federal education and training assistance pay- ments; income maintenance benefit payments, such as supplemental security income, aid to families with dependent children, and food stamps; veteran benefit payments; and other payments to individuals. Busi- ness payments to individuals include personal injury payments to individuals other than employees, con- sumer bad debts, cash prizes, and unrecovered thefts of cash and capital assets. Payments to nonprofit insti- tutions are payments made by Federal, State, and local governments as well as by business (corporate gifts to nonprofit institutions). Dividends, are payments in cash or in other assets, excluding stock, by corporations, organized for profit, to noncorporate stockholders who are U.S. residents. Interest is the monetary and imputed interest income of persons from all sources. Imputed interest represents the excess of income received by financial intermedi- aries from funds entrusted to them by persons over income disbursed by these intermediaries to persons. Rental income of persons is the monetary income of persons (except those primarily engaged in the real es- tate business) from the rental of real property and mobile homes; the royalties received by persons from patents, copyrights, and the rights to natural resources; and the imputed net rental income of owner-occu- pants of nonfarm dwellings. Total earnings cover wage and salary disbursements, other labor income, and proprietors' income. Wage and salary disbursements are defined as monetary renumeration of employees, including corporate officers; commissions, tips, and bonuses; and pay-in-kind that represents income to the recipient. They are mea- sured before such deductions as Social Security contributions and union dues. AU disbursements in the cur- rent period are covered. Pay-in-kind represents allowances for food, clothing, and lodging paid in kind to employees, which represent income to them, valued at the cost to the employer. Other labor income con- sists of employer contributions to privately administered pension and welfare funds and a few small items such as directors' fees, compensation of prison inmates, and miscellaneous judicial fees. Proprietors' in- come is the monetary income and income in-kind of proprietorships and partnerships, including the inde- pendent professions, and of tax-exempt cooperatives. Farm earnings include the income of farm workers from wages and salaries and other labor income and farm proprietors' income. Farm wages and salaries include cash pay and pay-in-kind of hired farm labor and salaries of officers of corporate farms. They do not include pay of contract farm labor, which is classi- 1 Page 49 ICPSR 9806 fied as part of agricultural services. Farm proprietors' income is computed as the total gross income of all farm operators minus total production expenses. Farm earnings estimates are benchmarked to data col- lected in the Census of Agriculture and the revised U.S. Department of Agriculture State totals of income and expense items. For discussions of manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, and services, see MFG, WHS, RTL, and SER, respectively. Data for personal income earnings obtained from the Bureau of Economic Analysis are based on place of work, unlike civilian labor force data obtained from the Bureau of the Census, which are based on place of residence. Total personal income is adjusted to place of residence. POP POPULATION 010 RESIDENT POPULATION 011 RESIDENT POPULATION (NCI) 020 RESIDENT POPULATION (STF-1) 120 POPULATION PER SQUARE MILE 260 URBAN POPULATION 280 RURAL POPULATION 350 MALE POPULATION 351 MALE POPULATION (NCI) 360 FEMALE POPULATION 361 FEMALE POPULATION (NCI) 400 WHITE POPULATION 401 WHITE POPULATI0N (NCI) 409 WHITE POPULATION (S) 410 BLACK POPULATION 411 BLACK POPULATION (NCI) 419 BLACK POPULATION (S) 430 AMERICAN INDIAN, ESKIMO & ALEUT 440 ASIAN & PACIFIC ISLANDERS 449 ASIAN & PACIFIC ISLANDERS (S) 450 OTHER RACE (NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED) 459 OTHER RACE (NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED) (S) 460 PERSONS OF HISPANIC ORIGIN 469 PERSONS OF HISPANIC ORIGIN (S) 480 PERSONS SPEAKING SPANISH LANGUAGE AT HOME (5 & OVER) (S) 490 PERSONS SPEAKING LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ENGLISH OR SPANISH AT HOME (5 & OVER) (S) 610 PERSONS BORN IN STATE OF RESIDENCE (S) 620 FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS (S) 730 PERSONS BY RESIDENCE IN 1975-SAME HOUSE (S) 740 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-DIFFERENT HOUSE, SAME COUNTY (S) 750 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-DIFFERENT COUNTY, SAME STATE (S) 760 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-DIFFERENT STATE, NORTHEAST (S) 770 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-DIFFERENT STATE, NORTH CENTRAL (S) 780 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-DIFFERENT STATE, SOUTH (S) 790 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-DIFFERENT STATE, WEST (S) 800 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-ABROAD (S) 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 50 810 PERSONS BY RES IN 1975-DIFFERENT STATE OR ABROAD (S) 820 INMIGRANTS FOR STATES & COUNTIES BETWEEN 1975 & 1980 (S) 830 OUTMIGRANTS FOR STATES & COUNTIES BETWEEN 1975 & 1980 (S) 840 NET MIGRATION FOR STATES & COUNTIES BETWEEN 1975 & 1980 (S) 900 MALES 15 & OVER-SINGLE 910 MALES 15 & OVER-NOW MARRIED, EXCEPT SEPARATED 920 MALES 15 & OVER-SEPARATED 930 MALES 15 & OVER-WIDOWED 940 MALES 15 & OVER-DIVORCED 950 FEMALES 15 & OVER-SINGLE 960 FEMALES 15 & OVER-NOW MARRIED, EXCEPT SEPARATED 970 FEMALES 15 & OVER-SEPARATED 980 FEMALES 15 & OVER-WIDOWED 990 FEMALES 15 & OVER-DIVORCED Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Decennial Censuses The population statistics for 1960, 1970, 1980, and 1990 are based on results from the censuses of popula- tion and housing conducted by the Bureau of the Census as of April 1 in each of those years. As provided by Article 1, section 2, of the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1787, a census has been taken every 10 years commencing with 1790. The original purposes of the census were to apportion the seats in the U.S. House of Representatives based on the population of each State and derive an equitable tax on each State for the payment of the Revolutionary War debt. Through the years, the Nation's needs and interests have become more complex, and the content of the decennial census has changed accordingly. Presently, census data not only are used to apportion seats in the House and to aid legislators in the realignment of legislative district boundaries but also are used in the distribution of billions of Federal dollars each year and are vital to State and local governments and to private firms for such functions as market analysis, site selection, and envi- ronmental impact studies. The 1990 population counts presented are part of the 1990 Census population counts released to the heads of more than 39,000 governmental units as part of the Census Bureau's "Thank You, America" program. Governmental units are States, counties and minor civil divisions (MCD) within a county, incorporated places, consolidated cities, American Indian Reservations, and Alaska native village Statistical areas. Data from the decennial censuses are based on tabulations of 100-percent, or complete, counts (i.e., infor- mation obtained for all persons and housing units) and sample estimates (i.e., additional information asked of a sample of persons). Sample data are marked with "(S)" after the item description in this section. For the 1980 census, two sampling rates were employed. For most of the country, one in every six house- holds (about 17 percent) received the "long form" or sample questionnaire; in counties, incorporated places, and minor civil divisions estimated to have fewer than 2,500 inhabitants, every other household (50 percent) received the sample questionnaire to increase the reliability of sample data in small areas. Exact agreement is not expected between data based on samples and data resulting from complete counts. Sam- ple estimates may be used with confidence where large numbers are involved and are assumed to indicate patterns, trends, and relationships where small numbers are involved. Standard errors for the sample esti- mates can be determined by using information in the appendixes to the PC80-1-C and HC80-1-B reports listed below. 1 Page 51 ICPSR 9806 Data from the 1980 Census of Population and Housing were released in three types of data prod- ucts-computer tapes, printed reports, and microfiche. The Census Bureau released most summary data on tapes in a series of public-use "files" called summary tape files (STF). Most STF's have two or more parts (designated by letters, i.e., "A," "B," etc.) that differ in the types of geographic areas for which data are re- ported. Items from the 1980 census were excerpted from STF 1A, STF 1C, STF 3A, and STF 3C. STF 1 contains complete-count data such as age, sex, and household type; STF 3 contains sample data such as mi- gration, education, labor force, income, and house heating fuel. Much of the data found on STF's also were released in printed reports or on microfiche. The population and housing items also appear in the 1980 Census of Population, Characteristics of the Population (series PC80-1), and the 1980 Census of Housing, Characteristics of Housing Units (series HC80-1). Each of these volumes is subdivided into "chapters" issued as separate reports. Number of Inhabitants (series PC8O-1-A) and General Population Characteristics (series PC80-1-B) present population data collected on a 100-per- cent basis. General Social and Economic Characteristics (series PC80-1-C) and Detailed Population Char- acteristics (series PC80-1-D) present data collected on a sample basis. In the two housing "chapters," General Housing Characteristics (series HC80-1-A) presents data on a 100-percent basis, and Detailed Housing Characteristics (series HC80-1-B) presents data collected on a sample basis. For detailed discussions of the background, purposes, planning, and procedures used for the 1980 Census of Population and Housing, as well as a facsimile of the questionnaires, and descriptions of the data products resulting from the census (including printed reports, summary tape files, and microfiche), see U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1980 Census of Population and Housing: Users' Guide (series PHC80-R1). Population estimates Estimates are based on resident population as of July 1. The estimates used as a base for data and the annual changes implied by the figures are subject to estima- tion error. Variations from actual population levels are inherent in the estimating procedures, stemming from the fact that the correlation between the data series and population is not perfect. The data series being used to reflect population change are all affected to some degree by factors other than population movements and, in addition, are part of reporting systems that are subject to administrative alteration. A detailed discussion of the basic methodology and data series used in developing the estimates and an evalu- ation of the accuracy of the estimates are contained in Current Population Reports, series P-26. Population estimates (NCI) Total population and population by race and sex denoted by "(NCI)" after the item description are experi- mental estimates produced by the Census Bureau for the National Cancer Institute. Due to reliability stan- dards, detailed data for counties with less than 20,000 population have been suppressed. For a complete discussion of NCI data, see AGE. Persons enumerated in the census were counted as inhabitants of their usual place of residene, which gen- erally means the place where a person lives and sleeps most of the time. This place is not necessarily the same as the legal residence, voting residence, or domicile. In the vast majority of cases, however, the use of these different bases of classification would produce substantially the same statistics, although appreciable differences may exist for a few areas. The implementation of this usual-residence practice has resulted in the establishment of residence rules for certain categories of persons whose usual place of residence is not immediately apparent (e.g., college stu- 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 52 dents were counted at their college residence). As in the above example, persons were not always counted as residents of the place where they happened to be staying on census day. However, persons without a usual place of residence were counted where they were enumerated. The item, POP020, is the official 1980 census population from the summary tape files without corrections. Because the Census Bureau does not apply corrections to characteristics of the population, this item is in- cluded to be used as the base for all census population characteristics. Urban and rural are type-of-area concepts rather than specific areas outlined on maps. As defined by the Census Bureau, the urban population comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside VA's. An Urbanized area is a population concentration of at least 50,000 inhabitants, generally consisting of a central city and the surrounding, closely settled, contiguous ter- ritory. The rural population consists of everyone else. The definition of urban and rural has remained substantially unchanged since 1950. For comments on exceptions, see U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1980 Census of Population, Characteristics of the Population, Number of Inhabitant (series PCx80-1-B, C, or D), "Appendix B definitions and Explanations." Population by race, as defined by the Census Bureau, reflects self-identification by respondents; it does not denote any ciear-cut scientific definition of biological stock. In the 1980 census, data were obtained through self-classification. For persons with parents of different races who could not provide a single response to the race question, the race of the person's mother was used. However, if a single response could not be provided for the person's mother, the first race reported by the person was used. The White population is defined as persons who indicated their race as White, as well as persons who did not classify themselves in one of the specific race categories listed on the questionnaire but entered a re- sponse such as Canadian, German, Italian, Lebanese, or Polish. The Black population includes persons who indicated their race as Black or Negro, as well as persons who did not classify themselves in one of the specific race categories, but reported entries such as Black Puerto Rican, Haitian, Jamaican, Nigerian, or West Indian. The American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut population includes persons who indicated their race as Indian (American) or who did not indicate a specific race category but reported the name of an Indian tribe, as well as persons who indicated their race as Eskimo or Aleut. The Asian and Pacific Islander population includes persons who indicated their race as Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Korean, Asian Indian, Vietnamese, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan. Persons who did not classify themselves in one of the nine specific race categories but wrote in an entry indicating one of the specific categories were classified accordingly. Persons of other race (not elsewhere classified) include all other races which were not included in the spe- cific categories. For example, persons reporting in the "other" race category and providing write-in entries such as Eurasian, Cosmopolitan, Inter-racial or an Hispanic-origin group are included. Also included is the "other Asian and Pacific Islander" category, which includes persons who reported Cambodian, Hmong, Indo-Chinese, Laotian, Pakistani, Polynesian, Fiji Islander, Tahitian, Thai, or similar responses. The Hispanic-origin population is based on a question that asked respondents to identify whether they were of Hispanic origin or descent. Persons marking any one of the four Hispanic categories (i.e., Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, or other Hispanic) are collectively referred to as "persons of Hispanic origin." If, when interviewed, the person reported a multiple origin and could not provide a single origin, the origin of 1 Page 53 ICPSR 9806 the person's mother was used. If a single response was not provided for the person's mother, the first re- ported origin of the person was used. Hispanic origin is not a race category, and persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Data for persons speaking Spanish or a language other than English or Spanish at home are based on a sample of persons 5 years old and over. The questions on language spoken at home were intended to mea- sure the extent to which languages other than English were currently being spoken at home and were not in- tended to determine which language was a person's main language or whether a person was fluent in the non-English language that he or she reported. The population is classified as "native" or "foreign born" based on the State, foreign country, Puerto Rico, or outlying area of the United States where the person's mother was living at the time the person was born. This item was asked on a sample basis. The native population is defined as persons born in the United States, Puerto Rico, or outlying areas of the United States; or at sea or in a foreign country if they have at least one American parent (determined from the citizenship question). Persons born in State of residence is a subcategory of the native population. The foreign-born population consists of everyone else. Residence in 1975 refers to the usual place of residence 5 years before the census (i.e., on April 1, 1975). This question was asked on a sample basis of persons 5 years old and over. If residence was not in "this house" in 1975, the location was recorded in terms of State, county, and city or foreign country. Residence in 1975 is used in conjunction with residence in 1980 to determine the residential mobility of the population. The category "inmigrant" as defined for counties is a person who moves to a specified county from another county in the United States or from abroad. An "outmigrant" for counties is a person who leaves a speci- fied county and moves to another county within the United States. Thus, every move originating and ending within the United States is outmigration with respect to the county of origin and inmigration with respect to the county of destination. "Net migration" is the difference between inmigration and outmigration. Ac- cording to the direction of the difference, it may be net immigration or net outmigration. In the net migra- tion figures, net outmigration is indicated by a minus (-) sign. The data on migration may understate the actual amount of movement between counties during the 5-year period. Persons who migrated after April 1, 1975, but died prior to April 1, 1980, and persons who left a county after April 1, 1975, but returned to that county before April 1, 1980, are not counted as migrants. Also migrants who made multiple moves during the 5-year period are counted as migrants only once. Marital status refers to the status at the time of enumeration. Marital status data are tabulated only for persons 15 years old and older. This data was collected on a complete-count basis. Persons classified as "single" cover all persons who have never been married, including those whose only marriage was annulled. Persons classified as "now married, except separated" include persons whose current marriage has not ended through widowhood, divorce, or separation and couples who live together or persons in common-law marriages if they considered this category most appropriate. The category "separated" covers persons legally separated or otherwise absent from their spouse because of marital discord. "Widowed" covers wid- ows and widowers who have not remarried. "Divorced" includes persons who are legally divorced and have not remarried. POV POVERTY 010 FAMILIES BELOW POVERTY LEVEL 030 FAMILIES WITH INCOME BETWEEN 100 & 124% OF POVERTY LEVEL 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 54 WITH HOUSEHOLDER 15 & OVER 140 FAMILIES BELOW POVERTY LEVEL WITH FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER, NO HUSBAND PRESENT 200 PERSONS FOR WHOM POVERTY STATUS HAS BEEN DETERMINED 210 PERSONS BELOW POVERTY LEVEL 230 PERSONS ABOVE POVERTY LEVEL 250 BLACK PERSONS BELOW POVERTY LEVEL 280 PERSONS OF HISPANIC ORIGIN BELOW POVERTY LEVEL 300 PERSONS 65 & OVER FOR WHOM POVERTY STATUS HAS BEEN DETERMINED 310 PERSONS 65 & OVER BELOW POVERTY LEVEL 330 PERSONS 65 & OVER ABOVE POVERTY LEVEL 430 RELATED CHILDREN UNDER 18 FOR WHOM POVERTY STATUS HAS BEEN DETERMINED 440 RELATED CHILDREN UNDER 18 BELOW POVERTY LEVEL 460 RELATED CHILDREN UNDER 18 ABOVE POVERTY LEVEL Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Families and unrelated individuals are classified as above or below the poverty level by comparing their to- tal 1979 income to an income cutoff or "poverty threshold." The income cutoffs vary by family size, number of children, and age of the family householder or unrelated individual. Poverty status is determined for all families (and, by implication, all family members). Poverty status is also determined for persons not in families, except for inmates of institutions, members of the Armed Forces living in barracks, college stu- dents living in dormitories, and unrelated individuals under 15 years old. Poverty status is derived on a sample basis. The 1980 census definition of poverty reflects revisions recommended by a Federal interagency committee in 1979 to a definition adopted in 1969. The index is based on the Department of Agriculture's 1961 Econ- omy Food Plan and reflects the different consumption requirements of families based on their size and composition. The poverty thresholds are updated every year to reflect changes in the Consumer Price In- dex (CPI). Poverty thresholds are computed on a national basis only. No attempt has been made to adjust these thresholds for regional, State, or other local variations in the cost of living. The poverty status of a person who is a family member is determined by the family income and its relation- ship to the appropriate poverty threshold for that family. The poverty status for an unrelated individual is determined by his or her own income in relation to the appropriate poverty threshold. Tbus, two unrelated individuals living together may not have the same poverty status. Because the poverty levels currently in use by the Federal Government do not meet all the needs of the an- alysts of the data, variations of the poverty definition are available in terms of various multiples of the offi- cial poverty levels ranging from 75 percent to 200 percent of the current poverty level. These specified poverty levels are obtained by multiplying the income cutoffs at the poverty level by the appropriate factor. RTL RETAIL TRADE 020 RETAIL TRADE ESTABLISHMENTS 030 RTL TRD ESTAB OPERATED BY UNINCORPORATED BUSINESS 040 RTL TRD ESTAB OPERATED BY UNINCORPORATED INDIVIDUAL PROPRIETORSHIPS 1 Page 55 ICPSR 9806 050 RTL TRD ESTAB OPERATED BY UNINCORPORATED PARTNERSHIPS 070 RTL TRD ESTAB-GENERAL MERCHANDISE 090 RTL TRD ESTAB-FOOD STORES 100 RTL TRD ESTAB-AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS 110 RTL TRD ESTAB-GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS 120 RTL TRD ESTAB-APPAREL & ACCESSORY STORES 130 RTL TRD ESTAB-FURNITURE, HOME FURNISHINGS, & EQUIPMENT STORES 140 RTL TRD ESTAB-EATING & DRINKING PLACES 220 SALES OF RETAIL TRADE ESTABLISHMENTS 230 RETAIL SALES PER CAPITA 240 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE RETAIL TRADE RATES 260 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB--BUILDING MATERIALS, HARDWARE, GARDEN SUPPLY, & MOBILE HOME DEALERS 270 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-GENERAL MERCHANDISE GROUP STORES 290 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-FOOD STORES 300 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS 310 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS 320 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-APPAREL & ACCESSORY STORES 330 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-FURNITURE, HOME FURNITURE, & EQUIPMENT STORES 340 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-EATING & DRINKING PLACES 350 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB-DRUG & PROPRIETARY STORES 420 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL 440 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-OPER BY UNINCORP INDV PROPRIETORSHIP 450 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-OPER BY UNINCORP PARTNERSHIP 460 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-BUILDING MATERIALS, HARDWARE, GARDEN SUPPLY, & MOBILE HOME DEALERS 470 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-GENERAL MERCHANDISE GROUP STORES 480 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-DEPARTMENT STORES 490 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-FOOD STORES 500 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS 510 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS 520 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-APPAREL & ACCESSORY STORES 530 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-FURNITURE, HOME FURNISHINGS, & EQUIPMENT STORES 540 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-EATING & DRINKING PLACES 550 RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-DRUG & PROPRIETARY STORES 620 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL 660 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-BUILDING MATERIALS, HARDWARE, GARDEN SUPPLY, & MOBILE HOME DEALERS 670 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL--GENERAL MERCHANDISE GROUP STORES 680 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-DEPARTMENT STORES 690 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-FOOD STORES 700 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS 710 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS 720 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-APPAREL & ACCESSORY STORES 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 56 730 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-FURNITURE, HOME FURNISHINGS, EQUIPMENT STORES 740 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-EATING & DRINKING PLACES 750 SALES OF RTL TRD ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-DRUG & PROPRIETARY STORES 800 ANNUAL PAYROLL OF RTL TRD ESTAB 820 PAID EMPLOYEES (MAR 12 PAY PERIOD) OF RTL TRD ESTAB Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Retail and wholesale trade data were first collected in 1930, and in 1933 information on selected service in- dustries was added to the data-collection operation. These business censuses, as they were called, were again taken for 1935, 1939 (as part of the 1940 decennial program), 1948, 1954, 1958, 1963, and 1967. Since 1967, these censuses have been taken quinquennially (covering years ending in 2 and 7) as part of the Cen- sus Bureau's economic census program. A significant innovation for the 1948 and succeeding censuses was that the classifications were based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual. See discussion of this publication in LBR. In previous censuses, the Bureau had developed its own classifications after consultation with specialists in Government and the private sector. The 1987 Census of Retail Trade covered retail trade as defined in the 1987 SIC Manual (see LBR 300- 390). It included all establishments primarily engaged in selling merchandise for personal or household consumption and rendering services incidental to the sale of goods. The census excluded governmental or- ganizations classified in the covered industries except for liquor stores operated by State and local govern- ments. Data for direct sellers with no paid employees and post exchanges, ship stores, and similar estab- lishments operated on military posts by agencies of the Federal Government are not included. Establish- ments that are auxiliary (primary function is providing a service, such as warehouses) to retail establish- ments within the same organization are not included. There are major revisions to the SIC structure for 1987 which limit comparability of data between 1982 and 1987 censuses. The kind of business involving the most significant changes for retail trade are within SIC major groups 53 (general merchandise stores) and 57 (furniture and furniture stores). For the 1982 and 1987 Census of Retail Trade, large- and medium-size firms, plus all firms known to oper- ate more than one establishment, were sent questionnaires to be completed and returned to the Bureau by mail. For most very small firms, including those with no paid employees, data from existing administrative records of other Federal agencies were used instead. These records provided basic information on location, kind of business, sales, payroll, number of employees, and legal form of organization. In addition, more de- tailed information for selected kinds of business was obtained on the various questionnaires. Census of retail trade figures represent a summary of reports for individual establishments rather than companies. For cases where a census report was received, separate information was obtained for each loca- tion where business was conducted. When administrative records of other Federal agencies were used in- stead of a census report, no information was available on the number of locations operated. Estimates of this number were derived from a sample. Each retail establishment was tabulated according to the physical location at which business was conducted. The 1977 and 1982 Censuses of Retail Trade were conducted under similar conditions and procedures ex- cept for the following: 1 Page 57 ICPSR 9806 (1) Geographic areas. The boundaries of a number of areas for which data are shown in the 1982 census are not the same as in the 1977 census because of annexations, other boundary changes, redefinitions of SMSA's, and changes in qualifying criteria since 1977. (2) Nonemployer firms. In 1977, the census included any retail nonemployer firm which reported a sales volume of $2,500 or more, plus firms in operation for less than the full year that reported sales which, if projected to an annual basis, would have reached a total of $2,500 or more. In the 1982 census, nonemployer firms are included if, on an annual basis, they reported a sales volume of at least $ 1,000. Had the 1982 criterion been applied in the 1977 Census of Retail Trade, an additional 62,000 nonemployers with sales of $120.6 million would have been included. (3) Leased departments. In 1977 and prior censuses, data for leased departments were consolidated with the data for stores in which they were located. In the 1982 census, each leased department was treated as a separate establishment and was classified according to the kind of business it conducted. For detailed information on 1987 census changes, see the source (U.S. Bureau of the Census). An establishment is a single physical location at which business is conducted. It is not necessarily identical with a company or enterprise, which may consist of one or more establishments. The count of establish- ments for 1987 represents the number in business at any time during the year. For prior censuses, the count represents the number of establishments in business at the end of the year. When two or more activities were carried on at a single location under a single ownership, all activities gen- erally were grouped together as a single establishment. The entire establishment was classified on the basis of its major activity, and all data for it were included in that classification. However, when distinct and sep- arate economic activities (for which different industry classification codes were appropriate) were con- ducted under the same ownership at a single location, and when conditions prescribed by the SIC Manual for recognizing the existence of more than one establishment were met, separate establishment reports for each of the different activities were obtained in the census. Figures for establishments operated by unincorporated businesses represent the number of retail establish- ments that were unincorporated as defined by law. In 1982, the legal form of organization for firms in the mail universe was based on the response to the organization status inquiry on the various census forms. The legal form of organization of nonmail firms was generally based on information available from the ad- ministrative records from other Federal agencies. Sales include merchandise sold for cash or credit at retail and wholesale by establishments primarily en- gaged in retail trade; amounts received from customers for layaway purchases; receipts from rental or leas- ing of vehicles, equipment, instruments, tools, etc.; receipts for delivery, installation, maintenance, repair, alteration, storage, and other services; and gasoline, liquor, tobacco, and other excise taxes which are paid by the manufacturer or wholesaler and passed on to the retailer. Sales are net after deductions for refunds and allowances for merchandise returned by customers. Trade-in allowances are not deducted from total sales. Total sales do not include carrying or other credit charges; sales (or other) taxes collected from customers and forwarded to taxing authorities; commissions from vending machine operators; and nonoperating income from such sources as investments, rental or sale of reat estate, etc. Sales do not include retail sales made by manufacturers, wholesalers, service establishments, or other busi- nesses whose primary activity is other than retail trade. They do include receipts other than those from the 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 58 sale of merchandise at retail, e.g., service receipts, sales to industrial users, and sales to other retailers, by establishments primarily engaged in retail trade. Although the count of establishments in this report represents the number in business at the end of the year, the sales figures include sales of all establishments in business at any time during the year. Payroll includes all forms of compensation such as salaries, wages, commissions, bonuses, vacation al- lowances, sick-leave pay, and the value of payments in kind (e.g., free meals and lodgings) paid during the year to all employees. Tips and gratuities received by employees from patrons and reported to employers are included. For corporations, it includes amounts paid to officers and executives; for unincorporated businesses, it does not include profit or other compensation of proprietors or partners. Payroll is reported before deductions for Social Security, income tax, insurance, union dues, etc. Paid employees consist of the full-time and part-time employees, including salaried officers and executives of corporations, who were on the payroll in the pay period including March 12. Included are employees on paid sick leave, paid holidays, and paid vacations; not included are proprietors and partners of unincorpo- rated businesses. Establishments covered by the census were assigned kind-of-business classifications according to the indus- try classification defined in the 1987 SIC Manual and earlier versions. For 1982 and 1987, data are not shown by kind of business for all establishments, but only for establishments with payroll. In 1977, kind-of- business data were available for both types of establishments. Retail trade covers major groups 52 through 59. Building materials and garden supplies stores (SIC Major Group 52) include retail establishments primarily engaged in selling lumber and other building materials; paint, glass, and wallpaper; hardware; nursery stock; lawn and garden supplies; and mobile homes. They include lumber and other building materials dealers and paint, glass, and wallpaper stores selling to the general public, even if sales to contractors account for a larger proportion of total sales. Establishments primarily selling these products but not to the general pub- lic are classified in wholesale trade. General merchandise stores (SIC Major Group 53) include retail stores that sell a number of lines of mer- chandise, such as dry goods, apparel and accessories, furniture and home furnishings, small wares, hard- ware, and food. The stores included in this group are known as department stores, variety stores, general merchandise stores, general stores, etc. Establishments primarily engaged in selling used general merchan- dise and those selling general merchandise by mail, vending machine, or direct selling are classified in mis- cellaneous retail stores (SIC Major Group 59). Department stores (SIC 531) are establishments normally employing 25 or more people, having sales of ap- parel and goods combined amounting to 20 percent or more of the total sales, and selling each of the fol- lowing lines of merchandise: (1) Furniture, home furnishings, appliances, and radio and TV sets; (2) a gen- eral line of apparel for the family; and (3) household linens and dry goods. To qualify as a department store, sales of each line must be less than 80 percent of total store sales. An establishment with total sales of $10 million or more is classified as a department store even if sales of one of the merchandise lines ex- ceed the maximum percent of total sales, provided that the combined sales of the other two groups are $1 million or more. Food stores (SIC Major Group 54) are establishments primarily engaged in selling food for home prepara- tion and consumption. They include grocery stores; meat and fish (seafood) markets; fruit stores and veg- etable markets; candy, nut, and confectionery stores; dairy products stores; retail bakeries; and establish- 1 Page 59 ICPSR 9806 ments primarily engaged in the retail sale of specialized foods not elsewhere classified, such as eggs and poultry, health foods, spices, herbs, coffee, and tea. Automotive dealers excluding gasoline service stations (SIC Major Group 55 less SIC 554) are retail dealers selling new and used automobiles, boats, recreational vehicles and utility trailers, and motorcycles and mopeds, and dealers selling new automobile parts and accessories. They include establishments dealing ex- clusively in used automobiles, but not establishments dealing exclusively in used parts. Also included are automobile repair shops maintained by establishments engaged in the sale of new automobiles. Automotive distributors, the greater part of whose sales are to dealers or to institutional or industrial users, are classi- fied in wholesale trade. Gasoline service stations (SIC 554) are establishments primarily engaged in selling gasoline and automotive lubricants. Usually these establishments also sell tires, batteries, and accessories, and perform minor repair work and services. Establishments called garages but deriving more than half of their receipts from the sale of gasoline and automotive lubricants are included. Apparel and accessory stores (SIC Major Group 56) include retail stores primarily engaged in selling clothing of all kinds and related articles for personal wear and adornment. Not included are establishments that meet the criteria for department stores or miscellaneous general merchandise stores even though most of their receipts are from the sale of apparel and apparel accessories. They consist of men's and boys' clothing and furnishings stores; women's ready-to-wear stores; women's accessory and specialty stores; chil- dren's and infants' wear stores; family clothing stores; men's, women's, children's and juveniles', and family shoe stores; furriers and fur shops; and establishments primarily engaged in the retail sale of lines of apparel and accessories not elsewhere classified, such as uniforms, bathing suits, raincoats, riding apparel, sports apparel, umbrellas, wigs, and toupees. Also included are custom tailors primarily engaged in making and selling men's and women's clothing (except fur apparel) to individual order. Furniture and home furnishings stores (SIC Major Group 57) include retail stores selling goods used for furnishing the home, such as furniture, floor coverings, draperies, glass and chinaware, domestic stoves, re- frigerators, and household electrical and gas appliances. Establishments selling electrical and gas appliances are included in this group only if the major part of their sales consists of articles for home use. Dealers primarily engaged in selling antique and secondhand furniture are classified in miscellaneous retail stores (SIC Major Group 59). Stores primarily engaged in selling merchandise but also providing an interior dec- orating service are classified according to the merchandise handled. Interior designers primarily engaged in advising clients on the selection of interior decorations are classified in service industries. Eating and drinking places (SIC Major Group 58) include retail establishments selling prepared food and drinks for consumption on the premises; they also include lunch counters and refreshment stands selling prepared foods and drinks for immediate consumption. They consist of restaurants and lunchrooms, social caterers, cafeterias, refreshment places, contract feeding, ice cream and frozen custard stands, and drinking places (alcoholic beverages). Drug and proprietary stores (SIC 591) are part of SIC Major Group 59-miscellaneous retail stores. Drug stores (SIC 591 part) are establishments engaged in the retail sale of prescription drugs. They may carry a number of related lines such as cosmetics, toiletries, tobacco, and novelty merchandise and may operate a soda fountain or lunch counter. These stores are classified on the basis of their usual trade designation rather than on a strict interpretation of commodities handled. Proprietary stores (SIC 591 part) are estab- lishments generally selling the same merchandise as drug stores, except that prescriptions are not filled and sold. 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 60 SER TAXABLE SERVICE INDUSTRIES 010 SELECTED SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS 210 RECEIPTS OF SELECTED SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS 250 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB-HOTELS, MOTELS, TRAILERING PARKS, & CAMPS 260 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB-PERSONAL SERVICES 270 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB-BUSINESS SERVICES 290 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB-AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, & GARAGES 310 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB--AMUSEMENT & RECREATION SERVICES, INCLUDING MOTION PICTURES 410 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL 450 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-HOTELS, MOTELS, & OTHER LODGING PLACES 460 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-PERSONAL SERVICES 470 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-BUSINESS SERVICES 490 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, & GARAGES 510 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-AMUSEMENT & RECREATION SERVICES, INCLUDING MOTION PICTURES 520 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-HEALTH SERVICES 521 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-HEALTH SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS 530 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-LEGAL SERVICES 550 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-SOCIAL SERVICES 560 SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-ENGINEERING, ACCOUNTING, RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT, AND RELATED SERVICES (EXCEPT NONCOMMERCIAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS) 610 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL 650 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-HOTELS, MOTELS, & OTHER LODGING PLACES 660 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-PERSONAL SERVICES 670 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-BUSINESS SERVICES 690 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, & GARAGES 710 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-AMUSEMENT & RECREATION SERVICES, INCLUDING MOTION PICTURES 720 RCPTS OF SEL SERC ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-HEALTH SERVICES 721 RCPTS OF SEL SERC ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-HEALTH SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS 730 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-LEGAL SERVICES 750 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-SOCIAL SERVICES 760 RCPTS OF SEL SERV ESTAB WITH PAYROLL-ENGINEERING, ACCOUNTING, RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT, AND RELATED SERVICES (EXCEPT NONCOMMERCIAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS) 820 ANNUAL PAYROLL OF SEL SERV ESTAB 840 PAID EMPLOYEES (MAR 12 PAY PERIOD) OF SEL SERV ESTAB Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Information on selected service industries, part of the economic censuses, was first collected in 1933. Be- tween 1933 and 1967, seven subsequent censuses were taken. Since 1967, the census of service industries, as 1 Page 61 ICPSR 9806 well as the other economic censuses, have been taken at 5-year intervals for years ending in 2 and 7. The 1987 Census of Service Industries covered service industries as defined in the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual (see LBR 300-390). For 1982 and 1987, only establishments with some payroll during the year are covered. For previous years, all establishments were covered. The data do not include establishments that are auxiliary (primary function is providing a service, such as warehouses) to service es- tablishments within the same organization. There are major revisions to the earlier structure which limit the comparability of data between 1982 and 1987 censuses. For the 1987 and 1982 Censuses of Service Industries, large- and medium-size firms, plus all firms known to operate more than one establishment, were sent questionnaires to be completed and returned to the Bu- reau of the Census by mail. For most very small firms, data from existing administrative records of other Federal agencies were used instead. These records provided basic information on location, kind of busi- ness, receipts, payroll, number of employees, and legal form of organization. In addition, more detailed in- formation for selected kinds of business was obtained on the various questionnaires. The 1977 and 1982 Censuses of Retail Trade were conducted under similar conditions and procedures except for the following: (1) Geographic areas. For discussion, see RTL (2) Nonemployer firms. For discussion, see RTL. (3) Scope. Some industries covered in the 1977 Census were not covered for 1982: SIC's 806 (Hospitals), 821 (Elementary and secondary schools), 822 (Colleges, universities, professional schools, and junior colleges), 863 (labor unions and similar labor organizations), and 865 (political organiza- tions). SIC 4722 (Arrangement of passenger transportation) was covered in 1982 under the Census of Transportation, not service industries. (4) Federal income tax status/kind-of-business combinations. In 1977, a few kinds of business were as- sumed to be exempt from Federal income tax and were tabulated in the tax-exempt category. Estab- lishments of firms that were exempt from Federal income tax, but which were in a kind of business not expected to be exempt, were tabulated in a miscellaneous kind-of-business category. For 1982, the same kinds of business are definitionally considered exempt from Federal income tax and tabulated in the tax-exempt category; the remaining kinds of business are definitionally considered subject to Fed- eral income tax. The miscellaneous kind-of-business category has been eliminated. For detailed information on 1987 census changes, see the source (U.S. Bureau of the Census). For a definition of establishments, annual payroll, and paid employees, see RTL. Establishments with pay- roll are those that had some paid employment during the year. Total receipts cover all establishments in business at any time during the year. Receipts represent the basic dollar volume measure for service establishments of firms subject to Federal income tax They include re- ceipts from customers or clients for services rendered, from the use of facilities, and from merchandise sold during the year whether or not payment was received during the year, except for health practitioners, legal services, and architectural, engineering, and surveying services, which reported on a cash basis (payments received during the year regardless of when services were rendered). Gasoline, liquor, tobacco, and other excise taxes, which are paid by the manufacturer or wholesaler and included in the cost of goods purchased, are also included. 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 62 Receipts are net after deductions for refunds and allowances for merchandise returned by customers. Re- ceipts do not include sales, occupancy, admissions, or other taxes collected from customers and remitted di- rectly by the firm to a local, State, or Federal tax agency; nor do they include nonoperating income from such sources as interest, investments, or sale or rental of real estate. Receipts do not include service receipts of manufacturers, wholesalers, retail establishments, or other busi- nesses whose primary activity is other than service. They do, however, include receipts other than from ser- vices rendered (e.g., sale of merchandise to individuals or other businesses) by establishments primarily en- gaged in performing services and classified in the service industries. Hotels, rooming houses, camps, and other lodging places (SIC Major Group 70 less SIC 704) include es- tablishments engaged in providing lodging, or lodging and meals, and camping facilities. Hotels that pro- vide accommodations for permanent residents and residential mobile home parks are not included. In- cluded in this group are hotel, motor hotels, and motels; rooming and boarding houses; sporting and recre- ational camps; trailering parks and camp sites for transients; and organization hotels and lodging houses, on membership basis. SIC 704 includes lodging houses and motels operated by membership organizations for the benefit of their constituents, and not open to the general public. Personal services (SIC Major Group 72) include establishments primarily engaged in providing services generally involving the care of one's personal appearance or apparel. Included in this group are laundry, cleaning, and garment services; photographic studios; beauty shops and barber shops; shoe repair shops, shoe shine parlors, and hat cleaning shops; funeral service and crematories; and miscellaneous personal ser- vices, such as health clubs and tax preparation services. Business services (SIC Major Group 73) include establishments primarily engaged in providing services, not elsewhere classified, to business enterprises on a fee or contract basis. Included are advertising, credit re- porting and collection agencies; mailing and reproduction services; services to dwellings and other buildings; news syndicates; personnel supply services; computer and data processing services; and miscellaneous business services, such as consulting services, detective agencies, equipment rental and leasing services, and photofinishing laboratories. Automotive repair, services, and parking (SIC Major Group 75) include establishments primarily engaged in furnishing automotive repair, parking, rental, and other services to the general public. Similar facilities owned and operated by concerns for their own use and not available to the general public are treated as auxiliary establishments of those concerns and are not included. Automotive repair departments main- tained by establishments engaged in the sale of new automobiles are classified in retail trade, as are gasoline service stations (where sales of merchandise, including fuel, exceed repair receipts). Amusement and recreation services, including motion pictures and museums cover establishments in three SIC Major Groups (78, 79, and 84). Motion pictures (SIC Major Group 78) include establishments pro- ducing and distributing motion pictures, exhibiting motion pictures in commercially operated theaters, and furnishing services to the motion picture industry. The term motion picture includes similar productions for television or other media using film, tape, or other means. Amusement and recreation services, except mo- tion pictures (SIC Major Group 79) include establishments primarily engaged in providing amusement, recreation, or entertainment services, not classified elsewhere. Gambling businesses, where legal, are also included in this major group; however, combined gambling and lodging facilities with 25 or more guest- rooms are not included. Museums, art galleries, and botanical and zoological gardens (SIC Major Group 84) include establishments primarily engaged in the commercial or noncommercial operation of museums and art galleries. Historical, cultural, and educational societies whose functions are primarily providing at- tractions for the public are included. 1 Page 63 ICPSR 9806 Health services (SIC Major Group 80), except hospitals (SIC 806), include establishments primarily en- gaged in furnishing medical, surgical, and other health services to persons. Associations or groups primarily engaged in providing medical or other health services to members are included, but those that only provide insurance covering hospitalization or medical costs are not included here. Legal services (SIC Major Group 81) include establishments primarily engaged in offering legal advice or legal services, the head or heads of which are members of the bar. Associations of lawyers formed solely for the sharing of expenses (including payroll) and not for the purpose of jointly practicing their profession are also included. Receipts are not applicable for these associations since their operations are funded by reim- bursements from member firms and not considered operating receipts for legal services provided. Neither are such entities considered separate operating establishments; however, their payroll and employment data are included. Social services (SIC Major Group 83) include establishments providing social services and rehabilitation ser- vices to those persons with social or personal problems requiring special services to the handicapped and the disadvantaged. Engineering, accounting, research, management, and related services(SIC Major Group 87), except non- commercial research organizations (SIC 8733) include establishments primarily engaged in providing engi- neering, architectural, and surveying services; accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services; research, de- velopment, and testing services; and management and public relation services. Excluded are noncommer- cial research organizations (SIC 8733) which are establishments primarily engaged in performing research into and dissemination of information for public health, education, or general welfare; these establishments primarily operate on funds from endowments, contributions, and grants. SOC SOCIAL SECURITY 010 SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFIT RECIPIENTS (DEC) 020 SOC SEC BENEFIT RECIPIENTS-RETIRED WORKERS (DEC) 030 SOC SEC BENEFIT RECIPIENTS-DISABLED WORKERS (DEC) 040 SOC SEC BENEFIT RECIPIENTS-WIDOWS & WIDOWERS (DEC) 050 SOC SEC RECIPIENTS PER 1,000 POPULATION 060 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE SOCIAL SECURITY RATE 100 SOC SEC PAYMENT FOR YEAR 150 SOC SEC BENEFIT PAYMENTS FOR MONTH (DEC) 160 SOC SEC BENEFIT PAYMENTS FOR MONTH-RETIREES (DEC) 170 SOC SEC BENEFIT PAYMENTS FOR MONTH-DISABLED WORKERS (DEC) 180 SOC SEC BENEFIT PAYMENTS FOR MONTH-WIDOWS & WIDOWERS (DEC) Source: U.S. Social Security Administration. The Old-age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Program (OASDI) provides monthly benefits for retired and disabled insured workers and their dependents and to survivors of insured workers. To be eligible for benefits, a worker must have had a specified period of employment in which OASDI taxes were paid. A worker becomes eligible for full retirement benefits at age 65, although reduced benefits may be obtained up to 3 years earlier; the worker's spouse is under the same limitations. Survivor benefits are payable to dependents of deceased insured workers. Disability benefits are payable to an insured worker under age 65 with a prolonged disability and to that person's dependents on the same basis as dependents of a retired worker. Also, disability benefits are payable at age 50 to the disabled widow or widower of a deceased worker who was fully insured at the time of death. A lump-sum benefit is generally payable on the death of 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 64 an insured worker to a spouse or minor children. Data for total recipients and retired workers include persons with special age-72 benefits. Special age-72 benefit represents the monthly benefit payable to men who attained age 72 before 1972 and for women who attained age 72 before 1970 and who do not have sufficient quarters to qualify for a retired-worker benefit under either the fully or the transitionally insured status provision. Disability is the inability to engage in a gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months. Except in cases involving second and subsequent disabilities, the law requires that a person be disabled continuously for 5 months before he or she can qualify for a "period of disability" or a disabled worker benefit. Payments for month represent the amount paid out to beneficiaries during the month of December of specified years. Payments for year cover all OASDI payments for the specified years and include lump-sum benefits. Data for Anchorage, Alaska, are imprecise since the boundaries of the "economic areas" used by the Social Security Administration are not identical to the boundaries of the boroughs/census areas used by the Cen- sus Bureau. 310 SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME RECIPIENTS (JUNE) 400 SUP SEC INCOME-PAYMENTS FOR MONTH (JUNE) 450 SUP SEC INCOME-AVERAGE MONTHLY PAYMENT PER RECIPIENT (JUNE) Source: U.S. Social Security Administration. Under the direction of the Social Security Administration (SSA), the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program provides cash payments in accordance with nationwide eligibility requirements to persons with limited income and resources who are aged, blind, or disabled. Under the SSI program, each person living in his or her own household is provided a cash payment from the Federal Government that is sufficient, when added to the person's countable income (the total gross money income of an individual less certain exclusions), to bring the total monthly income up to a specified level (the Federal benefit rate). If the indi- vidual or couple is living in another household, the guaranteed level is reduced by one-third. An aged person is defined as an individual who is 65 years old or over. A blind person is anyone with vision of 20/200 or less with the use of correcting lens in the better eye or with tunnel vision of 20 degrees or less. The disabled classification refers to any person unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment expected to result in death or that has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of at least 12 months. For a child under 18 years, eligibil- ity is based on disability or severity comparable with that of an adult, since the criterion of "substantial gain- ful activity" is inapplicable for children. The data caver persons with Federal SSI payments and/or federally administered State supplementation. States have the option to supplement the Federal SSI payments for all or selected categories of recipients. The data are for persons with Federal SSI payments only for the following States: Alabama, Alaska Ari- zona, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Utah, Vir- ginia, West Virginia (1981 and earlier), and Wyoming; these States have State-administered supplementa- tion. Data for Texas and West Virginia (1982 and later) cover Federal SSI payments only; no State sup- 1 Page 65 ICPSR 9806 plementary payments are made. County data on Supplemental Security Income Program outlays and number of recipients are published only for December by SSA. The county data presented here are for June of each year. A special procedure (controlled random rounding) was used by the Social Security Administration to avoid disclosure of reason for eligibility of particular individuals and the amount of benefits received. Under this procedure, county data on the number of persons were changed as follows: (1) Odd numbers were rounded either to the next higher or to the next lower even number in such a way that the probability of rounding up or the probability of rounding down is the same; (2) even numbers were not changed. Subsequent to the rounding of numbers, the dollar amounts were proportionately adjusted upwards or downwards as appro- priate. Data for monthly payments exclude payments data for persons with recent adult unit classification changes or with inconsistent county designations. The average monthly payments are derived by dividing the total payments for the month by the total number of recipients. 530 AID TO FAMILIES WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN-RECIPIENT FAMILIES (FEB) 550 AID TO FAMILIES WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN-TOTAL RECIPIENTS (FEB) 580 AID TO FAMILIES WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN-RECIPIENT CHILDREN (FEB) 630 AID TO FAMILIES WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN-PAYMENTS FOR MONTH (FEB) 650 AID TO FAMILIES WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN-AVERAGE MONTHLY PAYMENT PER FAMILY (FEB) Source: U.S. Social Security Administration. In general, Aid to Families with Dependent Children provides for Federal grants to help defray State costs of providing financial assistance to needy children who are under age 18 (or under age 21 and attending school); living in the home of a parent or other relative; and deprived of parental support or care because of the death, continued absence from the home, or physical or mental incapacity of a parent-or if a State elects, the unemployment of a father. Two-thirds of the States have other eligibility requirements. Each State decides what "need" is and to what extent it will be willing and able to meet that need. Recipients include children and parents or caretakers in families where the needs of adults were also considered in determining the amount of aid. As of 1981, county data are available only for counties in metropolitan areas. VET VETERANS 010 TOTAL VETERANS 020 NONVETERANS Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data for veterans cover persons who had served on active duty but were not serving on active duty in the Armed Forces of the United States in the reference week for the 1980 census. All civilians 16 years old and over are classified on the basis of whether they have served on active duty in the Armed Forces, regardless of whether their service was in war or peacetime. Women are also included. The question was asked on a sample basis (for explanation, see POP). 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 66 110 TOTAL VETERANS (SEPT 30) 150 VETERANS OF THE VIETNAM ERA (SEPT 30) Source: U.S. Veterans Administration. Total figures represent estimates of the veteran population as of September 30, 1983. The data refer to men and women in civil life who had served on active duty (during wartime or peacetime) in the Armed Forces of the United States. The number of veterans in civil life excludes former military personnel whose only active service took place after September 8, 1980, if such persons failed to satisfy the minimum service requirement (usually two years). Data on military service are estimates as of September 30. These estimates were developed from bench- mark veteran population statistics as of April 1, 1980, based on 1980 Census of Population data on veterans' place of residence, extended to September 30, 1982, on the basis of 1975 and 1980 veteran interstate migra- tion statistics from the 1980 Census of Population. These estimates are independent of, and not directly comparable with, earlier estimates published by the Veterans Administration. VST VITAL STATISTICS 010 BIRTHS 020 BIRTHS PER 1,000 POPULATION 030 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE BIRTH RATE 050 BIRTHS TO MOTHERS UNDER AGE 20 060 BIRTHS TO MOTHERS UNDER AGE 15 070 BIRTHS TO MOTHERS 15 TO 19 YEARS OLD 080 WHITE BIRTHS 100 BLACK BIRTHS 210 DEATHS 220 DEATHS PER 1,000 POPULATION 230 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE DEATH RATE 300 INFANT DEATHS (UNDER 1 YEAR) 310 INFANT DEATHS PER 1,000 LIVE BIRTHS 360 FETAL DEATHS 400 DEATHS, BY CAUSE-CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 430 DEATHS, BY CAUSE-MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS Source: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. There the registration of births, deaths, fetal deaths, and other vital events in the United States is primarily a State and local function. The civil laws of every State provide for a continuous and permanent birth- and death-registration system. Through the National Vital Statistics System, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) collects and publishes data on births and deaths for the country as a whole. The Division of Vital Statistics at NCHS ob- tains information on births and deaths from the registration offices of all States, New York City, and the District of Columbia. Birth and death statistics are limited to events occurring during the year. The data are by place of residence and exclude events occurring to nonresidents of the United States. Births or deaths occurring to U.S. resi- dents outside the United States are also excluded. 1 Page 67 ICPSR 9806 Birth and death rates represent the number of births and deaths per 1,000 resident population enumerated as of April 1 for decennial census years and estimated as of July 1 for other years. Figures for infant deaths include deaths of children under 1 year of age; they exclude fetal deaths. The in- fant death rate represents the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births. State requirements for reporting fetal deaths vary. Most States require reporting of fetal deaths of gesta- tions of 20 weeks or more. There is substantial evidence that not all fetal deaths for which reporting is re- quired are reported. Mortality statistics by cause of death are compiled in accordance with World Health Organization regula- tions according to the lnternational Classification of Diseases (ICD). The ICD is revised approximately ev- ery 10 years. Deaths are classified according to the revision of the ICD in use at the time. 510 MARRIAGES 520 MARRIAGES PER 1,000 POPULATION 530 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE MARRIAGE RATE 610 DIVORCES 620 DIVORCES PER 1,000 POPULATION 630 POPULATION USED TO CALCULATE DIVORCE RATE Source: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Marriage and divorce statistics are total counts of events gathered by collecting already summarized data reported by State offices of vital statistics and by county offices of registration. Marriage and divorce statistics are limited to events occurring in the specified area during the year and in- clude events occurring to nonresidents of the United States. Marriages or divorces occurring to U.S. resi- dents outside the United States are excluded. Reported annulments are included in the divorce statistics. The marriage and divorce rates are based on resident population enumerated as of April 1 for decennial census years and estimated as of July 1 for other years. WHS WHOLESALE TRADE 010 WHOLESALE TRADE ESTABLISHMENT'S 020 WHOLESALE TRD ESTAB-MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 110 SALES OF WHOLESALE TRD ESTAB 150 SALES OF WHOLESALE TRD ESTAB-MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 170 SALES OF WHOLESALE TRD ESTAB-DURABLE GOODS STORES 200 PAID EMPLOYEES (MAR 12 PAY PERIOD) OF WHOLESALE TRD ESTAB 300 ANNUAL PAYROLL OF WHOLESALE TRD ESTAB Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. The first census of business, which included wholesale trade, was conducted in 1930. Between 1933 and 1963, seven subsequent business censuses were taken. See RTL for specific years. Beginning with 1967, the economic censuses have been taken at 5-year intervals covering years ending in 2 and 7. The 1987 Census of Wholesale Trade covered wholesale trade as defined in the 1987 Standard Industrial 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 68 Classification (SIC) Manual (see LBR 300-390). It includes all establishments with one or more paid em- ployees primarily engaged in selling merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional, farm, or professional users; or to other wholesalers. Companies selling products to which they have title, as well as those acting as agents or brokers in buying merchandise for or selling merchandise to others, are in- cluded. Two major industry groups, durable goods and nondurable goods, are classified in wholesale trade. Their two-digit SIC code numbers are 50 and 51, respectively. The census included wholesale liquor warehouses operated by State and local governments. Excluded were warehouses and other units that serviced or were auxiliary to wholesale establishments within the same organization. The 1977 and 1982 censuses were conducted under similar conditions and procedures except for the fol- lowing: (1) The boundaries of a number of areas for which data are shown in the 1982 census are not the same as in the 1977 census because of annexations, other boundary changes, redefinitions of SMSA's, and changes in qualifying criteria since 1977. (2) The 1977 employment item included three pay-period statistics omitted from the 1982 inquiry: The number of paid employees for the pay period including the 12th of May, August, and November. These statistics are collected and published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. (3) In 1982, inventories were reported at cost or market using generally accepted accounting methods. Inventories calculated on a LIFO basis were reported before the LIFO adjustment. In 1977, inventories were reported by valuation method and summed to a total for each establishment. Method of valuation data are collected by the Bureau of the Census in the Annual Trade Survey. For detailed information on 1987 census changes, see the source. For a definition of establishments, annual payroll, and paid employees, see RTL. Establishments with pay- roll are those that had some paid employment during the year. Sales figures represent sales of all establishments in business at any time during the year. Sales include merchandise sold for cash or credit at wholesale and retail by establishments primarily engaged in wholesale trade; receipts from rental or leasing of vehicles, equipment, instruments, tools, etc.; receipts for delivery, installation, maintenance, repair, alteration, storage, and other services; and gasoline, liquor, tobacco, and other excise taxes that are paid by the manufacturer and passed on to the wholesaler. Sales figures do not include wholesale sales made by manufacturers, retailers, service establishments, or other businesses whose primary activity is other than wholesale trade. They do include receipts other than from the sale of mer- chandise at wholesale (e.g., service receipts, retail sales, etc.) by establishments primarily engaged in whole- sale trade. Sales are net after deductions for refunds and allowances for merchandise retumed by customers. Trade-in allowances are not deducted from total sales. Total sales do not include carrying or other credit charges; sales (or other) taxes collected from customers and forwarded to taxing authorities; and nonoperating in- come from such sources as investments, rental or sale of real estate, etc. Merchant wholesalers represent establishments primarily engaged in buying and selling merchandise on their own account. Included are such types of establishments as wholesale merchants or jobbers, industrial distributors, voluntary group wholesalers, importers, exporters, cash-and-carry wholesalers, retailer cooper- ative warehouses, terminal and country grain elevators, farm products assemblers, wholesale cooperative associations, and petroleum bulk plants and terminals operated by nonrefining companies. 1 Page 69 ICPSR 9806 WRK WORKERS-JOURNEY TO WORK 010 TOTAL WORKERS REPORTING MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK 020 WORKERS DRIVING ALONE TO WORK 030 WORKERS CARPOOLING TO WORK 040 WORKERS USING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION TO WORK 050 WORKERS WALKING TO WORK 060 WORKERS USING OTHER MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION 070 WORKERS WORKING AT HOME 110 TOTAL WORKERS REPORTING COUNTY OF WORK 120 WORKED IN COUNTY OF RESIDENCE 140 WORKERS WORKING OUTSIDE COUNTY OR STATE OF RESIDENCE 150 WORKERS NOT REPORTING COUNTY & STATE OF WORK 220 WORKERS WORKING IN COUNTY OF RESIDENCE (EMPLOYMENT/RESIDENTS RATIO) 230 EMPLOYMENT / RESIDENTS RATIO Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data presented for journey to work in 1980 were obtained from a sample of the population as part of the 1980 Census of Population and Housing, conducted by the Bureau of the Census. The figures cover work- ers 16 years old and over. For discussion of the decennial census, see POP. Transportation to work refers to the principal means of travel or type of conveyance usually used during the reference week in traveling from home to work at the address given in the place-of-work question. (Reference week refers to the calendar week prior to the date on which respondents completed their census questionnaires or were interviewed by enumerators.) If more than one means of transportation was used, the respondent was instructed to report the one usually used for most of the distance. Major categories of means of transportation include private vehicle (drive alone or carpool); public trans- portation; other means (motorcycle, bicycle, walked only, etc.); and worked at home. Drive alone includes persons who usually drove alone, as well as persons who were driven to work by someone who then drove back home or to a nonwork destination. Carpool refers to persons who shared driving (e.g., persons in car- pools who took turns in driving on different days), drove others only, or rode as a passenger only (includes persons who were usually driven to work by another worker, not necessarily someone who worked at the same place as the respondent). Public transportation includes buses or streetcars, railroads (including commuter trains), subway or elevated trains (rapid transportation operating on its own right-of-way under- ground, on the surface, or elevated), and taxicab. Walked only is shown separately here and refers to those persons who walked to work and used no other means of transportation. Place of work refers to the geographic location of the plant, office, store, or other establishment where the person worked most during the reference week. If the person worked at more than one location for the same employer (such as a grocery store chain or public school system), the exact address of the location or branch where the respondent worked most last week was requested. Persons working at more than one job were asked to report the location of the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the census week. Salespersons, delivery persons, and others who worked in several places each week were re- quested to give the address at which they began work each day, if they reported to a central headquarters. For cases in which daily work was not begun at a central place each day, the person was asked to report the exact address of the place where he or she worked the most hours last week. Place of work data presented here are shown in terms of whether or not it is within the county of residence. 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 70 The employment/residents ratio represents the number of workers working in the county divided by the number of workers residing in the county whose place of work was reported. Ratios greater than 1.00 result from net incommuting; those less than 1.00 result from net outcommuting. 1 Page 71 ICPSR 9806 VI. COUNTY CONCEPTS AND CODES Geographic Concepts This file presents data for 3,193 geographic areas: the United States, the 50 States and the District of Columbia, and counties and county equivalents, which are the primary divisions of States. In Louisiana, these divisions are known as parishes. In Alaska, the county equivalents are the organized boroughs to- gether with the census areas that were developed for general statistical purposes by the State of Alaska and the Bureau of the Census. Four States - Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia - have one or more in- corporated places that are legally independent of any county and thus constitute primary divisions of their States. Similarly, the portion of Yellowstone National Park in Montana is treated as a county equivalent. The District of Columbia has no primary divisions; the entire area is considered equivalent to a county for census purposes. The 135 areas classified as county equivalents in this file include 64 parishes in Louisiana; 14 organized boroughs and 11 census areas in Alaska; Baltimore city, Maryland; St. Louis city, Missouri; Carson City, Nevada; 41 independent cities in Virginia; Yellowstone National Park (part), MT; and the Dis- trict of Columbia. County Changes Since April 1989 Counties and county equivalents on this file were those defined as of April 24, 1989. Since that time, there have been two changes to county areas, both in Alaska. Effective January 1, 1990, the remainder of the Aleutians Island Census Area (CA) was renamed Aleutians West CA, as the easternmost islands were re- moved from the area with the establishment of the Aleutians East Borough in October 1987. Effective De- cember 7, 1990, the Denali Borough was established; this new borough detracts from (but does not replace) the Yukon-Koyukuk CA and also includes small, unpopulated portions of the Southeast Fairbanks CA. Special Notes on Geographic Areas Alaska. Several new boroughs have been established since the 1980 census. In June of 1986, the Northwest Arctic Borough was established; except for inclusion of some unpopulated territory within the North Slope Borough, this new borough coincides with the now-defunct Kobuk CA. In October of 1987, the Aleutians East Borough was established; this new borough detracts from (but does not replace) the Aleutian Islands and Dillingham Census Areas. In April of 1989, the Lake and Peninsula Borough was established; this new borough detracts from (but does not replace) the Dillingham CA. In most cases, there are no data available for the Aleutians East and Lake and Peninsula Boroughs. Their flag/data entries are usually "00000000000" and there are usually no references to these areas in the footnote files; however, unless there is a data entry, Aleutians East is included in Aleutian Island CA and Lake and Peninsula is included in Dillingham CA. Some data for Alaska were published for the 29 census divisions recognized in the 1970 census; a minor redefinition occurred in July 1972 when Barrow-North Slope was established. Extensive re- vision resulted in 23 boroughs/census areas recognized in the 1980 census, for which a majority of the data was available. Eleven of the entities experienced no significant change in area definition between July 1972 and January 1980, although some name changes did occur, as follows: Borough/Census Area Census Division (1980) (1970) Anchorage Anchorage Bristol Bay Bristol Bay Borough Fairbanks North Star Fairbanks Juneau Juneau 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 72 Ketchikan Gateway Ketchikan Kobuk Kobuk Kodiak Island Kodiak Matanuska-Susitna Matanuska-Susitna Nome Nome North Slope Barrow-North Slope Wade Hampton Wade Hampton Six of the 1980 entities consist of a 1970 census division plus or minus some territory, as indicated below: Borough/Census Area Census Division Change (1980) (1970) Aleutian Islands Aleutian Islands Minus territory to Dillingham Dillingham Bristol Bay Plus territory from Aleutian Islands Haines Haines Minus territory to Skagway-Yakutat Angoon Sitka Sitka Minus territory to Wrangell-Petersburg Southeast Fairbanks Southeast Fairbanks Plus territory from Upper Yukon Wrangell-Petersburg Wrangell-Petersburg Plus territory from Sitka minus territory to Skapway-Yakutat Angoon Two 1980 entities represent a combination of 1970 census divisions: Kenai Peninsula Borough is composed of Kenai Cook Inlet and Seward Census Divisions; Prince of Wales-Outer Ketchikan Census Area is com- posed of Outer Ketchikan and Prince of Wales Census Divisions. Data are shown for the combined areas. Two 1980 census areas result from a combination of 1970 census divisions plus some territory from other divisions: Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon Census Area is composed of Angoon and Skagway-Yakutat Census Divisions plus small portions of Haines and Wrangell-Petersburg Census Divisions; Valdez-Cordova Census Area is composed of Cordova-McCarthy and Valdez-Chitina-Whittier Census Divisions plus a small portion of Southeast Fairbanks Census Division. Data are shown for the combined areas. Data for the other two census areas generally are presented as not available because major splits of census divisions are involved: Bethel Census Area is composed of Bethel Census Division and approximately half of Kuskokwim Census Division; Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area is composed of Yukon-Koyukuk Census Di- vision, approximately half of Kuskokwim Census Division, and most of Upper Yukon Census Division. Data from the 1978, 1982, and 1987 Censuses of Agriculture for Alaska are only available for five groupings of census divisions. The groupings of census divisions and the groupings of current boroughs/census areas are identical for the Juneau and Kenai Peninsula areas but differ for the Aleutian Islands, Anchorage, and Fairbanks areas. The Aleutian Islands area includes the Aleutian Islands, Barrow-North Slope, Bethel, Bristol Bay, Bristol Bay Borough, Kobuk, Kodiak, Nome, and Wade Hampton Census Divisions. The An- chorage area includes Anchorage, Cordova-McCarthy, Matanuska-Susitna, and Valdez-Chitina-Whittier Census Divisions. The Fairbanks area includes Fairbanks, Kuskokwim, Southeast Fairbanks, Upper Yukon. and Yukon-Koyukuk Census Divisions. See the above text for changes between census divisions and bor- oughs/census areas. These changes in Alaska geography cause some problems in data presentation. Data from noncensus sources and from earlier census sources may not relate to exactly the same geographic areas as the 1990 census population figures, resulting in slight inconsistencies. 1 Page 73 ICPSR 9806 Arizona. La Paz County (04012) was established in January 1983 from Yuma County (04027). The data for these counties are often combined in Yuma County. Check footnote files. New Mexico. Cibola County (35006) was established in June 1981 from Valencia County (3506 1). The data for these counties are often combined in Valencia County. Check footnote files. New York. Data for the five counties comprising New York City are usually available separately. In some cases (e.g., governments data), only New York City is available. When this occurs, the data is presented in Kings County (36047). Always check the footnote files. Virginia. Data for Virginia usually have entries for all counties and independent cities (county equivalents), but in some cases data for an independent city are included with the surrounding county. Adjustments have been made to the population figures used in calculating any rates. Always check the footnote files. Geographic Codes The codes for States, counties, and metropolitan areas found on this file are those published in the Federal Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS PUB) series of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Department of Commerce. This is the official publication series relating to Fed- eral computer and information processing standards adopted and promulgated under the provisions of Public Law 89-306 (Brooks Act) and under Part 6 of Title 15, Code of Federal Regulations. The following FIPS PUBs are the sources of the codes used: 6-4. Counties and County Equivalents of the States of the United States and the District of Columbia 8-5. Metropolitan Statistical Areas Each unique geographic code used to identify a county (COD10089) is the combination of the FIPS two- digit State code followed by the FIPS three-digit county code. The State code is a sequential numbering, with some gaps, of the alphabetic arrangement of the States and the District of Columbia: Alabama (01) to Wyoming (56). Within each State, the counties and county equivalents are numbered in alphabetic order, beginning with 001 (usually omitting even numbers), except that independent city listings begin with 510, follow the listing of counties or county equivalents in their respective States, and usually are multiples of 5. The US total is represented on this file as "00000". Two code fields are presented defining metropolitan areas: COD30090-the four-digit code for metropoli- tan statistical areas (MSAs), consolidated metropolitan statistical areas (CMSAs), or New England county metropolitan areas (NECMAs) and COD31090-the four-digit code for primary metropolitan statistical ar- eas (PMSAs). These codes are provided for the purpose of aggregating county area data to metropolitan areas. Appendix D lists all metropolitan areas defined as of June 30, 1990, with their county components. New England MSAs, CMSAs, and PMSAs have been excluded, as they are not defined in terms of counties. The other column shown in Appendix A and present on the data file is a "level indicator;" it provides the user with a quick reference to the level of geography for extraction purposes. The following are the codes used as level indicators and their meanings: 0 = U.S. total 1 = State total 2-4 = Metropolitan county 2 = County in CMSA/PMSA 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 74 3 = County in MSA 4 = County in NECMA 5 = Nonmetropolitan county These codes and the names for all geographic areas on this file are presented in Appendix A. The order of presentation of this information in this appendix differs slightly from the arrangement of information on the 1 Page 75 ICPSR 9806 APPENDIX A County Names, Codes, and Level Indicators MSA/ GEOG. CMSA/ PMSA COUNTY LEVEL AREA NECMA CODE CODE INDI- NAME CODE CATOR 00000 0 UNITED STATES 01000 1 ALABAMA 5240 01001 3 Autauga, AL 5160 01003 3 Baldwin, AL 01005 5 Barbour, AL 01007 5 Bibb, AL 1000 01009 3 Blount, AL 01011 5 Bullock, AL 01013 5 Butler, AL 0450 01015 3 Calhoun, AL 01017 5 Chambers, AL 01019 5 Cherokee, AL 01021 5 Chilton, AL 01023 5 Choctaw, AL 01025 5 Clarke, AL 01027 5 Clay, AL 01029 5 Cleburne, AL 01031 5 Coffee, AL 2650 01033 3 Colbert, AL 01035 5 Conecuh, AL 01037 5 Coosa, AL 01039 5 Covington, AL 01041 5 Crenshaw, AL 01043 5 Cullman, AL 2180 01045 3 Dale, AL 01047 5 Dallas, AL 01049 5 De Kalb, AL 5240 01051 3 Elmore, AL 01053 5 Escambia, AL 2880 01055 3 Etowah, AL 01057 5 Fayette, AL 01059 5 Franklin, AL 01061 5 Geneva, AL 01063 5 Greene, AL 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 76 01065 5 Hale, AL 01067 5 Henry, AL 2180 01069 3 Houston, AL 01071 5 Jackson, AL 1000 01073 3 Jefferson, AL 01075 5 Lamar, AL 2650 01077 3 Lauderdale. AL 2030 01079 3 Lawrence, AL 01081 5 Lee, AL 01083 5 Limestone, AL 01085 5 Lowndes, AL 01087 5 Macon, AL 3440 01089 3 Madison, AL 01091 5 Marengo, AL 01093 5 Marion, AL 01095 5 Marshall, AL 5160 01097 3 Mobile, AL 01099 5 Monroe, AL 5240 01101 3 Montgomery, AL 2030 01103 3 Morgan, AL 01105 5 Perry, AL 01107 5 Pickens, AL 01109 5 Pike, AL 01111 5 Randolph, AL 1800 01113 3 Russell, AL 1000 01115 3 St. Clair, AL 1000 01117 3 Shelby, AL 01119 5 Sumter, AL 01121 5 Talladega, AL 01123 5 Tallapoosa, AL 8600 01125 3 Tuscaloosa, AL 1000 01127 3 Walker, AL 01129 5 Washington, AL 01131 5 Wilcox, AL 01133 5 Winston, AL 02000 1 ALASKA 02010 5 Aleutian Islands, AK 02013 5 Aleutians East, AK 0380 02020 3 Anchorage, AK 02050 5 Bethel, AK 02060 5 Bristol Bay, AK 02070 5 Dillingham, AK 02090 5 Fairbanks North Star, AK 02100 5 Haines, AK 1 Page 77 ICPSR 9806 02110 5 Juneau, AK 02122 5 Kenai Peninsula, AK 02130 5 Ketchikan Gateway, AK 02150 5 Kodiak Island, AK 02164 5 Lake and Peninsula, AK 02170 5 Matanuska-Susitna, AK 02180 5 Nome, AK 02185 5 North Slope, AK 02188 5 Northwest Arctic, AK 02201 5 Prince of Wales-Outer Ketchikan, AK 02220 5 Sitka, AK 02231 5 Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon, AK 02240 5 Southeast Fairbanks, AK 02261 5 Valdez-Cordova, AK 02270 5 Wade Hampton, AK 02280 5 Wrangell-Petersburg, AK 02290 5 Yukon-Koyukuk, AK 04000 1 ARIZONA 04001 5 Apache, AZ 04003 5 Cochise, AZ 04005 5 Coconino, AZ 04007 5 Gila, AZ 04009 5 Graham, AZ 04011 5 Greenlee, AZ 04012 5 La Paz, AZ 6200 04013 3 Maricopa, AZ 04015 5 Mohave, AZ 04017 5 Navajo, AZ 8520 04019 3 Pima, AZ 04021 5 Pinal, AZ 04023 5 Santa Cruz, AZ 04025 5 Yavapai, AZ 9360 04027 3 Yuma, AZ 05000 1 ARKANSAS 05001 5 Arkansas, AR 05003 5 Ashley, AR 05005 5 Baxter, AR 05007 5 Benton, AR 05009 5 Boone, AR 05011 5 Bradley, AR 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 78 05013 5 Calhoun, AR 05015 5 Carroll, AR 05017 5 Chicot, AR 05019 5 Clark, AR 05021 5 Clay, AR 05023 5 Cleburne, AR 05025 5 Cleveland, AR 05027 5 Columbia, AR 05029 5 Conway, AR 05031 5 Craighead, AR 2720 05033 3 Crawford, AR 4920 05035 3 Crittenden, AR 05037 5 Cross, AR 05039 5 Dallas, AR 05041 5 Desha, AR 05043 5 Drew, AR 4400 05045 3 Faulkner, AR 05047 5 Franklin, AR 05049 5 Fulton, AR 05051 5 Garland, AR 05053 5 Grant, AR 05055 5 Greene, AR 05057 5 Hempstead, AR 05059 5 Hot Spring, AR 05061 5 Howard, AR 05063 5 Independence, AR 05065 5 Izard, AR 05067 5 Jackson, AR 6240 05069 3 Jefferson, AR 05071 5 Johnson, AR 05073 5 Lafayette, AR 05075 5 Lawrence, AR 05077 5 Lee, AR 05079 5 Lincoln, AR 05081 5 Little River, AR 05083 5 Logan, AR 4400 05085 3 Lonoke, AR 05087 5 Madison, AR 05089 5 Marion, AR 8360 05091 3 Miller, AR 05093 5 Mississippi, AR 05095 5 Monroe, AR 05097 5 Montgomery, AR 05099 5 Nevada, AR 05101 5 Newton, AR 05103 5 Ouachita, AR 1 Page 79 ICPSR 9806 05105 5 Perry, AR 05107 5 Phillips, AR 05109 5 Pike, AR 05111 5 Poinsett, AR 05113 5 Polk, AR 05115 5 Pope, AR 05117 5 Prairie, AR 4400 05119 3 Pulaski, AR 05121 5 Randolph, AR 05123 5 St. Francis, AR 4400 05125 3 Saline, AR 05127 5 Scott, AR 05129 5 Searcy, AR 2720 05131 3 Sebastian, AR 05133 5 Sevier, AR 05135 5 Sharp, AR 05137 5 Stone, AR 05139 5 Union, AR 05141 5 Van Buren, AR 2580 05143 3 Washington, AR 05145 5 White, AR 05147 5 Woodruff, AR 05149 5 Yell, AR 06000 1 CALIFORNIA 7362 5775 06001 2 Alameda, CA 06003 5 Alpine, CA 06005 5 Amador, CA 1620 06007 3 Butte, CA 06009 5 Calaveras,CA 06011 5 Colusa, CA 7362 5775 06013 2 Contra Costa, CA 06015 5 Del Norte,CA 6920 06017 3 El Dorado,CA 2840 06019 3 Fresno, CA 06021 5 Glenn, CA 06023 5 Humboldt, CA 06025 5 Imperial, CA 06027 5 Inyo, CA 0680 06029 3 Kern, CA 06031 5 Kings, CA 06033 5 Lake, CA 06035 5 Lassen, CA 4472 4480 06037 2 Los Angeles, CA 06039 5 Madera, CA 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 80 7362 7360 06041 2 Marin, CA 06043 5 Mariposa, CA 06045 5 Mendocino, CA 4940 06047 3 Merced, CA 06049 5 Modoc, CA 06051 5 Mono, CA 7120 06O53 3 Monterey, CA 7362 8720 06055 2 Napa, CA 06057 5 Nevada, CA 4472 0360 06059 2 Orange, CA 6920 06061 3 Placer, CA 06063 5 Plumas, CA 4472 6780 06065 2 Riverside, CA 6920 06067 3 Sacramento, CA 06069 5 San Benito, CA 4472 6780 06071 2 San Bernardino, CA 7320 06073 3 San Diego, CA 7362 7360 06075 2 San Francisco, CA 8120 06077 3 San Joaquin, CA 06079 5 San Luis Obispo, CA 7362 7360 06081 2 San Mateo, CA 7480 06083 3 Santa Barbara, CA 7362 7400 06085 2 Santa Clara, CA 7362 7485 06087 2 Santa Cruz, CA 6690 06089 3 Shasta, CA 06091 5 Sierra, CA 06093 5 Siskiyou, CA 7362 8720 06095 2 Solano, CA 7362 7500 06097 2 Sonoma, CA 5170 06099 3 Stanislaus, CA 9340 06101 3 Sutter, CA 06103 5 Tehama, CA 06105 5 Trinity, CA 8780 06107 3 Tulare, CA 06109 5 Tuolumne, CA 4472 6000 06111 2 Ventura, CA 6920 06113 3 Yolo, CA 9340 06115 3 Yuba, CA 08000 1 COLORADO 2082 2080 08001 2 Adams, CO 08003 5 Alamosa, CO 2082 2080 08005 2 Arapahoe, CO 08007 5 Archuleta, CO 1 Page 81 ICPSR 9806 08009 5 Baca, CO 08011 5 Bent, CO 2082 1125 08013 2 Boulder, CO 08015 5 Chaffee, CO 08017 5 Cheyenne, CO 08019 5 Clear Creek, CO 08021 5 Conejos, CO 08023 5 Costilla, CO 08025 5 Crowley, CO 08027 5 Custer, CO 08029 5 Delta, CO 2082 2080 08031 2 Denver, CO 08033 5 Dolores, CO 2082 2080 08035 2 Douglas, CO 08037 5 Eagle, CO 08039 5 Elbert, CO 1720 08041 3 El Paso, CO 08043 5 Fremont, CO 08045 5 Garfield, CO 08047 5 Gilpin, CO 08049 5 Grand, CO 08051 5 Gunnison, CO 08053 5 Hinsdale, CO 08055 5 Huerfano, CO 08057 5 Jackson, CO 2082 2080 08059 2 Jefferson, CO 08061 5 Kiowa, CO 08063 5 Kit Carson, CO 08065 5 Lake, CO 08067 5 La Plata, CO 2670 08069 3 Larimer, CO 08071 5 Las Animas, CO 08073 5 Lincoln, CO 08075 5 Logan, CO 08077 5 Mesa, CO 08079 5 Mineral, CO 08081 5 Moffat, CO 08083 5 Montezuma, CO 08085 5 Montrose, CO 08087 5 Morgan, CO 08089 5 Otero, CO 08091 5 Ouray, CO 08093 5 Park, CO 08095 5 Phillips, CO 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 82 08097 5 Pitkin, CO 08099 5 Prowers, CO 6560 08101 3 Pueblo, CO 08103 5 Rio Blanco, CO 08105 5 Rio Grande, CO 08107 5 Routt, CO 08109 5 Saguache, CO 08111 5 San Juan, CO 08113 5 San Miguel, CO 08115 5 Sedgwick, CO 08117 5 Summit, CO 08119 5 Teller, CO 08121 5 Washington, CO 3060 08123 3 Weld, CO 08125 5 Yuma, CO 09000 1 CONNECTICUT 1163 09001 4 Fairfield, CT 3283 09003 4 Hartford, CT 09005 5 Litchfield, CT 3283 09007 4 Middlesex, CT 5483 09009 4 New Haven, CT 5523 09011 4 New London, CT 3283 09013 4 Tolland, CT 09015 5 Windham, CT 10000 1 DELAWARE 10001 5 Kent, DE 6162 9160 10003 2 New Castle, DE 10005 5 Sussex, DE 11000 1 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 8840 11001 3 Washington, DC 12000 1 FLORIDA 2900 12001 3 Alachua, FL 12003 5 Baker, FL 6015 12005 3 Bay, FL 2900 12007 3 Bradford, FL 4900 12009 3 Brevard, FL 1 Page 83 ICPSR 9806 4992 2680 12011 2 Broward, FL 12013 5 Calhoun, FL 12015 5 Charlotte, FL 12017 5 Citrus, FL 3600 12019 3 Clay, FL 5345 12021 3 Collier, FL 12023 5 Columbia, FL 4992 5000 12025 2 Dade, FL 12027 5 De Soto, FL 12029 5 Dixie, FL 3600 12031 3 Duval, FL 6080 12033 3 Escambia, FL 12035 5 Flagler, FL 12037 5 Franklin, FL 8240 12039 3 Gadsden, FL 12041 5 Gilchrist, FL 12043 5 Glades, FL 12045 5 Gulf, FL 12047 5 Hamilton, FL 12049 5 Hardee, FL 12051 5 Hendry, FL 8280 12053 3 Hernando, FL 12055 5 Highlands, FL 8280 12057 3 Hillsborough, FL 12059 5 Holmes, FL 12061 5 Indian River, FL 12063 5 Jackson, FL 12065 5 Jefferson, FL 12067 5 Lafayette, FL 12069 5 Lake, FL 2700 12071 3 Lee, FL 8240 12073 3 Leon, FL 12075 5 Levy, FL 12077 5 Liberty, FL 12079 5 Madison, FL 1140 12081 3 Manatee, FL 5790 12083 3 Marion, FL 2710 12085 3 Martin, FL 12087 5 Monroe, FL 3600 12089 3 Nassau, FL 2750 12091 3 Okaloosa, FL 12093 5 Okeechobee, FL 5960 12095 3 Orange, FL 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 84 5960 12097 3 Osceola, FL 8960 12099 3 Palm Beach, FL 8280 12101 3 Pasco, FL 8280 12103 3 Pinellas, FL 3980 12105 3 Polk, FL 12107 5 Putnam, FL 3600 12109 3 St. Johns, FL 2710 12111 3 St. Lucie, FL 6080 12113 3 Santa Rosa, FL 7510 12115 3 Sarasota, FL 5960 12117 3 Seminole, FL 12119 5 Sumter, FL 12121 5 Suwannee, FL 12123 5 Taylor, FL 12125 5 Union, FL 2020 12127 3 Volusia, FL 12129 5 Wakulla, FL 12131 5 Walton, FL 12133 5 Washington, FL 13000 1 GEORGIA 13001 5 Appling, GA 13003 5 Atkinson, GA 13005 5 Bacon, GA 13007 5 Baker, GA 13009 5 Baldwin, GA 13011 5 Banks, GA 0520 13013 3 Barrow, GA 13015 5 Bartow, GA 13017 5 Ben Hill, GA 13019 5 Berrien, GA 4680 13021 3 Bibb, GA 13023 5 Bleckley, GA 13025 5 Brantley, GA 13027 5 Brooks, GA 13029 5 Bryan, GA 13031 5 Bulloch, GA 13033 5 Burke, GA 0520 13035 3 Butts, GA 13037 5 Calhoun, GA 13039 5 Camden, GA 13043 5 Candler, GA 13045 5 Carroll, GA 1560 13047 3 Catoosa, GA 1 Page 85 ICPSR 9806 13049 5 Charlton, GA 7520 13051 3 Chatham, GA 1800 13053 3 Chattahoochee, GA 13055 5 Chattooga, GA 0520 13057 3 Cherokee, GA 0500 13059 3 Clarke, GA 13061 5 Clay, GA 0520 13063 3 Clayton, GA 13065 5 Clinch, GA 0520 13067 3 Cobb, GA 13069 5 Coffee, GA 13071 5 Colquitt, GA 0600 13073 3 Columbia, GA 13075 5 Cook, GA 0520 13077 3 Coweta, GA 13079 5 Crawford, GA 13081 5 Crisp, GA 1560 13083 3 Dade, GA 13085 5 Dawson, GA 13087 5 Decatur, GA 0520 13089 3 De Kalb, GA 13091 5 Dodge, GA 13093 5 Dooly, GA 0120 13095 3 Dougherty, GA 0520 13097 3 Douglas, GA 13099 5 Early, GA 13101 5 Echols, GA 7520 13103 3 Effingham, GA 13105 5 Elbert, GA 13107 5 Emanuel, GA 13109 5 Evans, GA 13111 5 Fannin, GA 0520 13113 3 Fayette, GA 13115 5 Floyd, GA 0520 13117 3 Forsyth, GA 13119 5 Franklin, GA 0520 13121 3 Fulton, GA 13123 5 Gilmer, GA 13125 5 Glascock, GA 13127 5 Glynn, GA 13129 5 Gordon, GA 13131 5 Grady, GA 13133 5 Greene, GA 0520 13135 3 Gwinnett, GA 13137 5 Habersham, GA 13139 5 Hall, GA 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 86 13141 5 Hancock, GA 13143 5 Haralson, GA 13145 5 Harris, GA 13147 5 Hart, GA 13149 5 Heard, GA 0520 13151 3 Henry, GA 4680 13153 3 Houston, GA 13155 5 Irwin, GA 0500 13157 3 Jackson, GA 13159 5 Jasper, GA 13161 5 Jeff Davis, GA 13163 5 Jefferson, GA 13165 5 Jenkins, GA 13167 5 Johnson, GA 4680 13169 3 Jones, GA 13171 5 Lamar, GA 13173 5 Lanier, GA 13175 5 Laurens, GA 0120 13177 3 Lee, GA 13179 5 Liberty, GA 13181 5 Lincoln. GA 13183 5 Long, GA 13185 5 Lowndes,GA 13187 5 Lumpkin, GA 0600 13189 3 McDuffie, GA 13191 5 McIntosh, GA 13193 5 Macon, GA 0500 13195 3 Madison, GA 13197 5 Marion, GA 13199 5 Meriwether, GA 13201 5 Miller, GA 13205 5 Mitchell, GA 13207 5 Monroe, GA 13209 5 Montgomery, GA 13211 5 Morgan, GA 13213 5 Murray, GA 1800 13215 3 Muscogee, GA 0520 13217 3 Newton, GA 0500 13219 3 Oconee, GA 13221 5 Oglethorpe, GA 0520 13223 3 Paulding, GA 4680 13225 3 Peach, GA 13227 5 Pickens, GA 13229 5 Pierce, GA 13231 5 Pike, GA 1 Page 87 ICPSR 9806 13233 5 Polk, GA 13235 5 Pulaski, GA 13237 5 Putnam, GA 13239 5 Quitman, GA 13241 5 Rabun, GA 13243 5 Randolph, GA 0600 13245 3 Richmond, GA 0520 13247 3 Rockdale, GA 13249 5 Schley, GA 13251 5 Screven, GA 13253 5 Seminole, GA 0520 13255 3 Spalding, GA 13257 5 Stephens, GA 13259 5 Stewart, GA 13261 5 Sumter, GA 13263 5 Talbot, GA 13265 5 Taliaferro, GA 13267 5 Tattnall, GA 13269 5 Taylor, GA 13271 5 Telfair, GA 13233 5 Terrell, GA 13255 5 Thomas, GA 13277 5 Tift, GA 13299 5 Toombs, GA 13281 5 Towns, GA 13283 5 Treutlen, GA 13285 5 Troup, GA 13287 5 Turner, GA 13289 5 Twiggs, GA 13291 5 Union, GA 13293 5 Upson, GA 1560 13295 3 Walker, GA 0520 13297 3 Walton, GA 13299 5 Ware, GA 13301 5 Warren, GA 13303 5 Washington, GA 13305 5 Wayne, GA 13307 5 Webster, GA 13309 5 Wheeler, GA 13311 5 White, GA 13313 5 Whitfield, GA 13315 5 Wilcox, GA 13317 5 Wilkes, GA 13319 5 Wilkinson, GA 13321 5 Worth, GA 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 88 15000 1 HAWAII 15001 5 Hawaii, HI 3320 15003 3 Honolulu, HI 15005 5 Kalawao, HI 15007 5 Kauai, HI 15009 5 Maui, HI 16000 1 IDAHO 1080 16001 3 Ada, ID 16003 5 Adams, ID 16005 5 Bannock, ID 16007 5 Bear Lake, ID 16009 5 Benewah, ID 16011 5 Bingham, ID 16013 5 Blaine, ID 16015 5 Boise, ID 16017 5 Bonner, ID 16019 5 Bonneville, ID 16021 5 Boundary, ID 16023 5 Butte, ID 16025 5 Camas, ID 16027 5 Canyon, ID 16029 5 Caribou, ID 16031 5 Cassia, ID 16033 5 Clark, ID 16035 5 Clearwater, ID 16037 5 Custer, ID 16039 5 Elmore, ID 16041 5 Franklin, ID 16043 5 Fremont, ID 16045 5 Gem, ID 16047 5 Gooding, ID 16049 5 Idaho, ID 16051 5 Jefferson, ID 16053 5 Jerome, ID 16055 5 Kootenai, ID 16057 5 Latah, ID 16059 5 Lemhi, ID 16061 5 Lewis, ID 16063 5 Lincoln, ID 16065 5 Madison, ID 16067 5 Minidoka, ID 16069 5 Nez Perce, ID 16071 5 Oneida, ID 1 Page 89 ICPSR 9806 16073 5 Owyhee, ID 16075 5 Payette, ID 16077 5 Power, ID 16079 5 Shoshone, ID 16081 5 Teton, ID 16083 5 Twin Falls, ID 16085 5 Valley, ID 16087 5 Washington, ID 17000 1 ILLINOIS 17001 5 Adams, IL 17003 5 Alexander, IL 17005 5 Bond, IL 6880 17007 3 Boone, IL 17009 5 Brown, IL 17011 5 Bureau, IL 17013 5 Calhoun, IL 17015 5 Carroll, IL 17017 5 Cass, IL 1400 17019 3 Champaign, IL 17021 5 Christian, IL 17023 5 Clark, IL 17025 5 Clay, IL 7040 17027 3 Clinton, IL 17029 5 Coles, IL 1602 1600 17031 2 Cook, IL 17033 5 Crawford, IL 17035 5 Cumberland, IL 17037 5 De Kalb, IL 17039 5 De Witt, IL 17041 5 Douglas, IL 1602 1600 17043 2 Du Page, IL 17045 5 Edgar, IL 17047 5 Edwards, IL 17049 5 Effingham, IL 17051 5 Fayette, IL 17053 5 Ford, IL 17055 5 Franklin, IL 17057 5 Fulton, IL 17059 5 Gallatin, IL 17061 5 Greene, IL 1602 3690 17063 2 Grundy, IL 17065 5 Hamilton, IL 17067 5 Hancock, IL 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 90 17069 5 Hardin, IL 17071 5 Henderson, IL 1960 17073 3 Henry, IL 17075 5 Iroquois, IL 17077 5 Jackson, IL 17079 5 Jasper, IL 17081 5 Jefferson, IL 7040 17083 3 Jersey, IL 17085 5 Jo Daviess, IL 17087 5 Johnson, IL 1602 0620 17089 2 Kane, IL 3740 17091 3 Kankakee, IL 1602 0620 17093 2 Kendall, IL 17095 5 Knox, IL 1602 3965 17097 2 Lake, IL 17099 5 La Salle, IL 17101 5 Lawrence, IL 17103 5 Lee, IL 17105 5 Livingston, IL 17107 5 Logan, IL 17109 5 McDonough, IL 1602 1600 17111 2 McHenry, IL 1040 17113 3 McLean, IL 2040 17115 3 Macon, IL 17117 5 Macoupin, IL 7040 17119 3 Madison, IL 17121 5 Marion, IL 17123 5 Marshall, IL 17125 5 Mason, IL 17127 5 Massac, IL 7880 17129 3 Menard, IL 17131 5 Mercer, IL 7040 17133 3 Monroe, IL 17135 5 Montgomery, IL 17137 5 Morgan, IL 17139 5 Moultrie, IL 17141 5 Ogle, IL 6120 17143 3 Peoria, IL 17145 5 Perry, IL 17147 5 Piatt, IL 17149 5 Pike, IL 17151 5 Pope, IL 17153 5 Pulaski, IL 17155 5 Putnam, IL 17157 5 Randolph, IL 17159 5 Richland, IL 1 Page 91 ICPSR 9806 1960 17161 3 Rock Island, IL 7040 17163 3 St. Clair, IL 17165 5 Saline, IL 7880 17167 3 Sangamon, IL 17169 5 Schuyler, IL 17171 5 Scott, IL 17173 5 Shelby, IL 17175 5 Stark, IL 17177 5 Stephenson, IL 6120 17179 3 Tazewell, IL 17181 5 Union, IL 17183 5 Vermilion, IL 17185 5 Wabash, IL 17187 5 Warren, IL 17189 5 Washington, IL 17191 5 Wayne, IL 17193 5 White, IL 17195 5 Whiteside, IL 1602 3690 17197 2 Will, IL 17199 5 Williamson, IL 6880 17201 3 Winnebago, IL 6120 17203 3 Woodford, IL 18000 1 INDIANA 18001 5 Adams, IN 2760 18003 3 Allen, IN 18005 5 Bartholomew, IN 18007 5 Benton, IN 18009 5 Blackford, IN 3480 18011 3 Boone, IN 18013 5 Brown, IN 18015 5 Carroll, IN 18017 5 Cass, IN 4520 18019 3 Clark, IN 8320 18021 3 Clay, IN 18023 5 Clinton, IN 18025 5 Crawford, IN 18027 5 Daviess, IN 1642 1640 18029 2 Dearborn, IN 18031 5 Decatur, IN 2760 18033 3 De Kalb, IN 5280 18035 3 Delaware, IN 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 92 18037 5 Dubois, IN 2330 18039 3 Elkhart, IN 18041 5 Fayette, IN 4520 18043 3 Floyd, IN 18045 5 Fountain, IN 18047 5 Franklin, IN 18049 5 Fulton, IN 18051 5 Gibson, IN 18053 5 Grant, IN 18055 5 Greene, IN 3480 18057 3 Hamilton, IN 3480 18059 3 Hancock, IN 4520 18061 3 Harrison, IN 3480 18063 3 Hendricks, IN 18065 5 Henry, IN 3850 18067 3 Howard, IN 18069 5 Huntington, IN 18071 5 Jackson, IN 18073 5 Jasper, IN 18075 5 Jay, IN 18077 5 Jefferson, IN 18079 5 Jennings, IN 3480 18081 3 Johnson, IN 18083 5 Knox, IN 18085 5 Kosciusko, IN 18087 5 Lagrange, IN 1602 2960 18089 2 Lake, IN 18091 5 La Porte, IN 18093 5 Lawrence, IN 0400 18095 3 Madison, IN 3480 18097 3 Marion, IN 18099 5 Marshall, IN 18101 5 Martin, IN 18103 5 Miami, IN 1020 18105 3 Monroe, IN 18107 5 Montgomery, IN 3480 18109 3 Morgan, IN 18111 5 Newton, IN 18113 5 Noble, IN 18115 5 Ohio, IN 18117 5 Orange, IN 18119 5 Owen, IN 18121 5 Parke, IN 18123 5 Perry, IN 1 Page 93 ICPSR 9806 18125 5 Pike, IN 1602 2960 18127 2 Porter, IN 2440 18129 3 Posey, IN 18131 5 Pulaski, IN 18133 5 Putnam, IN 18135 5 Randolph, IN 18137 5 Ripley, IN 18139 5 Rush, IN 7800 18141 3 St. Joseph, IN 18143 5 Scott, IN 3480 18145 3 Shelby, IN 18147 5 Spencer, IN 18149 5 Starke, IN 18151 5 Steuben, IN 18153 5 Sullivan, IN 18155 5 Switzerland, IN 3920 18157 3 Tippecanoe, IN 3850 18159 3 Tipton, IN 18161 5 Union, IN 2440 18163 3 Vanderburgh, IN 18165 5 Vermillion, IN 8320 18167 3 Vigo, IN 18169 5 Wabash, IN 18171 5 Warren, IN 2440 18173 3 Warrick, IN 18175 5 Washington, IN 18177 5 Wayne, IN 18179 5 Wells, IN 18181 5 White, IN 2760 18183 3 Whitley, IN 19000 1 IOWA 19001 5 Adair, IA 19003 5 Adams, IA 19005 5 Allamakee, IA 19007 5 Appanoose, IA 19009 5 Audubon, IA 19011 5 Benton, IA 8920 19013 3 Black Hawk, IA 19015 5 Boone, IA 8920 19017 3 Bremer, IA 19019 5 Buchanan, IA 19021 5 Buena Vista, IA 19023 5 Butler, IA 19025 5 Calhoun, IA 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 94 19027 5 Carroll, IA 19029 5 Cass, IA 19031 5 Cedar, IA 19033 5 Cerro Gordo, IA 19035 5 Cherokee, IA 19037 5 Chickasaw, IA 19039 5 Clarke, IA 19041 5 Clay, IA 19043 5 Clayton, IA 19045 5 Clinton, IA 19047 5 Crawford, IA 2120 19049 3 Dallas, IA 19051 5 Davis, IA 19053 5 Decatur, IA 19055 5 Delaware, IA 19057 5 Des Moines, IA 19059 5 Dickinson, IA 2200 19061 3 Dubuque, IA 19063 5 Emmet, IA 19065 5 Fayette, IA 19067 5 Floyd, IA 19069 5 Franklin, IA 19071 5 Fremont, IA 19073 5 Greene, IA 19075 5 Grundy, IA 19077 5 Guthrie, IA 19079 5 Hamilton, IA 19081 5 Hancock, IA 19083 5 Hardin, IA 19085 5 Harrison, IA 19087 5 Henry, IA 19089 5 Howard, IA 19091 5 Humboldt, IA 19093 5 Ida, IA 19095 5 Iowa, IA 19097 5 Jackson, IA 19099 5 Jasper, IA 19101 5 Jefferson, IA 3500 19103 3 Johnson, IA 19105 5 Jones, IA 19107 5 Keokuk, IA 19109 5 Kossuth, IA 19111 5 Lee, IA 1360 19113 3 Linn, IA 19115 5 Louisa, IA 19117 5 Lucas, IA 1 Page 95 ICPSR 9806 19119 5 Lyon, IA 19121 5 Madison, IA 19123 5 Mahaska, IA 19125 5 Marion, IA 19127 5 Marshall, IA 19129 5 Mills, IA 19131 5 Mitchell, IA 19133 5 Monona, IA 19135 5 Monroe, IA 19137 5 Montgomery, IA 19139 5 Muscatine, IA 19141 5 O'Brien, IA 19143 5 Osceola, IA 19145 5 Page, IA 19147 5 Palo Alto, IA 19149 5 Plymouth, IA 19151 5 Pocahontas, IA 2120 19153 3 Polk, IA 5920 19155 3 Pottawattamie, IA 19157 5 Poweshiek, IA 19159 5 Ringgold, IA 19161 5 Sac, IA 1960 19163 3 Scott, IA 19165 5 Shelby, IA 19167 5 Sioux, IA 19169 5 Story, IA 19171 5 Tama, IA 19173 5 Taylor, IA 19175 5 Union, IA 19177 5 Van Buren, IA 19179 5 Wapello, IA 2120 19181 3 Warren, IA 19183 5 Washington, IA 19185 5 Wayne, IA 19187 5 Webster, IA 19189 5 Winnebago, IA 19191 5 Winneshiek, IA 7720 19193 3 Woodbury, IA 19195 5 Worth, IA 19197 5 Wright, IA 20000 1 KANSAS 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 96 20001 5 Allen, KS 20003 5 Anderson, KS 20005 5 Atchison, KS 20007 5 Barber, KS 20009 5 Barton, KS 20011 5 Bourbon, KS 20013 5 Brown, KS 9040 20015 3 Butler, KS 20017 5 Chase, KS 20019 5 Chautauqua, KS 20021 5 Cherokee, KS 20023 5 Cheyenne, KS 20025 5 Clark, KS 20027 5 Clay, KS 20029 5 Cloud, KS 20031 5 Coffey, KS 20033 5 Comanche, KS 2O035 5 Cowley, KS 20037 5 Crawford, KS 20039 5 Decatur, KS 20041 5 Dickinson, KS 20043 5 Doniphan, KS 4150 20045 3 Douglas, KS 20047 5 Edwards, KS 20049 5 Elk, KS 20051 5 Ellis, KS 20053 5 Ellsworth, KS 20O55 5 Finney, KS 20057 5 Ford, KS 20059 5 Franklin, KS 20061 5 Geary, KS 20063 5 Gove, KS 20065 5 Graham, KS 20067 5 Grant, KS 20069 5 Gray, KS 20071 5 Greeley, KS 20073 5 Greenwood, KS 20075 5 Hamilton, KS 20077 5 Harper, KS 9040 20079 3 Harvey, KS 20081 5 Haskell, KS 20083 5 Hodgeman, KS 20085 5 Jackson, KS 20087 5 Jefferson, KS 20089 5 Jewell, KS 3760 20091 3 Johnson, KS 1 Page 97 ICPSR 9806 20093 5 Kearny, KS 20095 5 Kingman, KS 20097 5 Kiowa, KS 20099 5 Labette, KS 20101 5 Lane, KS 3760 20103 3 Leavenworth, KS 20105 5 Lincoln, KS 20107 5 Linn, KS 20109 5 Logan, KS 20111 5 Lyon, KS 20113 5 McPherson, KS 20115 5 Marion, KS 20117 5 Marshall, KS 20119 5 Meade, KS 3760 20121 3 Miami, KS 20123 5 Mitchell, KS 20125 5 Montgomery, KS 20127 5 Morris, KS 20129 5 Morton, KS 20131 5 Nemaha, KS 20133 5 Neosho, KS 20135 5 Ness, KS 20137 5 Norton, KS 20139 5 Osage, KS 20141 5 Osborne, KS 20143 5 Ottawa, KS 20145 5 Pawnee, KS 20147 5 Phillips, KS 20149 5 Pottawatomie, KS 20151 5 Pratt, KS 20153 5 Rawlins, KS 20155 5 Reno, KS 20157 5 Republic, KS 20159 5 Rice, KS 20161 5 Riley, KS 20163 5 Rooks, KS 20165 5 Rush, KS 20167 5 Russell, KS 20169 5 Saline, KS 20171 5 Scott, KS 9040 20173 3 Sedgwick, KS 20175 5 Seward, KS 8440 20177 3 Shawnee, KS 20179 5 Sheridan, KS 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 98 20181 5 Sherman, KS 20183 5 Smith, KS 20185 5 Stafford, KS 20187 5 Stanton, KS 20189 5 Stevens, KS 20191 5 Sumner, KS 20193 5 Thomas, KS 20195 5 Trego, KS 20197 5 Wabaunsee, KS 20199 5 Wallace, KS 20201 5 Washington, KS 20203 5 Wichita, KS 20205 5 Wilson, KS 20207 5 Woodson, KS 3760 20209 3 Wyandotte, KS 21000 1 KENTUCKY 21001 5 Adair, KY 21003 5 Allen, KY 21005 5 Anderson, KY 21007 5 Ballard, KY 21009 5 Barren, KY 21011 5 Bath, KY 21013 5 Bell, KY 1642 1640 21015 2 Boone, KY 4280 21017 3 Bourbon, KY 3400 21019 3 Boyd, KY 21021 5 Boyle, KY 21023 5 Bracken, KY 21025 5 Breathitt, KY 21027 5 Breckinridge, KY 4520 21029 3 Bullitt, KY 21031 5 Butler, KY 21033 5 Caldwell, KY 21035 5 Calloway, KY 1642 1640 21037 2 Campbell, KY 21039 5 Carlisle, KY 21041 5 Carroll, KY 3400 21043 3 Carter, KY 21045 5 Casey, KY 1660 21047 3 Christian, KY 4280 21049 3 Clark, KY 21051 5 Clay, KY 21053 5 Clinton, KY 21055 5 Crittenden, KY 1 Page 99 ICPSR 9806 21057 5 Cumberland, KY 5990 21059 3 Daviess, KY 21061 5 Edmonson, KY 21063 5 Elliott, KY 21065 5 Estill, KY 4280 21067 3 Fayette, KY 21069 5 Fleming, KY 21071 5 Floyd, KY 21073 5 Franklin, KY 21075 5 Fulton, KY 21077 5 Gallatin, KY 21079 5 Garrard, KY 21081 5 Grant, KY 21083 5 Graves, KY 21085 5 Grayson, KY 21087 5 Green, KY 3400 21089 3 Greenup, KY 21091 5 Hancock, KY 21093 5 Hardin, KY 21095 5 Harlan, KY 21097 5 Harrison, KY 21099 5 Hart, KY 2440 21101 3 Henderson, KY 21103 5 Henry, KY 21105 5 Hickman, KY 21107 5 Hopkins, KY 21109 5 Jackson, KY 4520 21111 3 Jefferson, KY 4280 21113 3 Jessamine, KY 21115 5 Johnson, KY 1642 1640 21117 2 Kenton, KY 21119 5 Knott, KY 21121 5 Knox, KY 21123 5 Larue, KY 21125 5 Laurel, KY 21127 5 Lawrence, KY 21129 5 Lee, KY 21131 5 Leslie, KY 21133 5 Letcher, KY 21135 5 Lewis, KY 21137 5 Lincoln, KY 21139 5 Livingston, KY 21141 5 Logan, KY 21143 5 Lyon, KY 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 100 21145 5 McCracken, KY 21147 5 McCreary, KY 21149 5 McLean, KY 21151 5 Madison, KY 21153 5 Magoffin, KY 21155 5 Marion, KY 21157 5 Marshall, KY 21159 5 Martin, KY 21161 5 Mason, KY 21163 5 Meade, KY 21165 5 Menifee, KY 21167 5 Mercer, KY 21169 5 Metcalfe, KY 21171 5 Monroe, KY 21173 5 Montgomery, KY 21175 5 Morgan, KY 21177 5 Muhlenberg, KY 21179 5 Nelson, KY 21181 5 Nicholas, KY 21183 5 Ohio, KY 4520 21185 3 Oldham, KY 21187 5 Owen, KY 21189 5 Owsley, KY 21191 5 Pendleton, KY 21193 5 Perry, KY 21195 5 Pike, KY 21197 5 Powell, KY 21199 5 Pulaski, KY 21201 5 Robertson, KY 21203 5 Rockcastle, KY 21205 5 Rowan, KY 21207 5 Russell, KY 4280 21209 3 Scott, KY 4520 21211 3 Shelby, KY 21213 5 Simpson, KY 21215 5 Spencer, KY 21217 5 Taylor, KY 21219 5 Todd, KY 21221 5 Trigg, KY 21223 5 Trimble, KY 21225 5 Union, KY 21227 5 Warren, KY 21229 5 Washington, KY 21231 5 Wayne, KY 21233 5 Webster, KY 21235 5 Whitley, KY 1 Page 101 ICPSR 9806 21237 5 Wolfe, KY 4280 21239 3 Woodford, KY 22000 1 LOUISIANA 22001 5 Acadia, LA 22003 5 Allen, LA 0760 22005 3 Ascension, LA 22007 5 Assumption, LA 22009 5 Avoyelles, LA 22011 5 Beauregard, LA 22013 5 Bienville, LA 7680 22015 3 Bossier, LA 7680 22017 3 Caddo, LA 3960 22019 3 Calcasieu, LA 22021 5 Caldwell, LA 22023 5 Cameron, LA 22025 5 Catahoula, LA 22027 5 Claiborne, LA 22029 5 Concordia, LA 22031 5 De Soto, LA 0760 22033 3 East Baton Rouge, 22035 5 East Carroll, LA 22037 5 East Feliciana, L 22039 5 Evangeline, LA 22041 5 Franklin, LA 22043 5 Grant, LA 22045 5 Iberia, LA 22047 5 lberville, LA 22049 5 Jackson, LA 5560 22051 3 Jefferson, LA 22053 5 Jefferson Davis, 3880 22055 3 Lafayette, LA 3350 22057 3 Lafourche, LA 22059 5 La Salle, LA 22061 5 Lincoln, LA 0760 22063 3 Livingston, LA 22065 5 Madison, LA 22067 5 Morehouse, LA 22069 5 Natchitoches, LA 5560 22071 3 Orleans, LA 5200 22073 3 Ouachita, LA 22075 5 Plaquemines, LA 22077 5 Pointe Coupee, LA 0220 22079 3 Rapides, LA 22081 5 Red River, LA 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 102 22083 5 Richland, LA 22085 5 Sabine, LA 5560 22087 3 St. Bernard, LA 5560 22089 3 St. Charles, LA 22091 5 St. Helena, LA 22093 5 St. James, LA 5560 22095 3 St. John the Baptist, LA 22097 5 St. Landry, LA 3880 22099 3 St. Martin, LA 22101 5 St. Mary, LA 5560 22103 3 St. Tammany, LA 22105 5 Tangipahoa, LA 22107 5 Tensas, LA 3350 22109 3 Terrebonne, LA 22111 5 Union, LA 22113 5 Vermilion, LA 22115 5 Vernon, LA 22117 5 Washington, LA 22119 5 Webster, LA 0760 22121 3 West Baton Rouge, LA 22123 5 West Carroll, LA 22125 5 West Feliciana, LA 22127 5 Winn, LA 23000 1 MAINE 4243 23001 4 Androscoggin, ME 23003 5 Aroostook, ME 6403 23005 4 Cumberland, ME 23007 5 Franklin, ME 23009 5 Hancock, ME 23011 5 Kennebec, ME 23013 5 Knox, ME 23015 5 Lincoln, ME 23017 5 Oxford, ME 0733 23019 4 Penobscot, ME 23021 5 Piscataquis, ME 23023 5 Sagadahoc, ME 23025 5 Somerset, ME 23027 5 Waldo, ME 23029 5 Washington, ME 23031 5 York, ME 24000 1 MARYLAND 1900 24001 3 Allegany, MD 1 Page 103 ICPSR 9806 0720 24003 3 Anne Arundel, MD 0720 24005 3 Baltimore, MD 8840 24009 3 Calvert, MD 24011 5 Caroline, MD 0720 24013 3 Carroll, MD 6162 9160 24015 2 Cecil, MD 8840 24017 3 Charles, MD 24019 5 Dorchester, MD 24021 3 Frederick, MD 24023 5 Garrett, MD 0720 24025 3 Harford, MD 0720 24027 3 Howard, MD 24029 5 Kent, MD 8840 24031 3 Montgomery, MD 8840 24033 3 Prince George's, MD 0720 24035 3 Queen Anne's, MD 24037 5 St. Mary's, MD 24039 5 Somerset, MD 24041 5 Talbot, MD 3180 24043 3 Washington, MD 24045 5 Wicomico, MD 24047 5 Worcester, MD 0720 24510 3 Baltimore City, MD 25000 1 MASSACHUSETTS 25001 5 Barnstable, MA 6323 25003 4 Berkshire, MA 5403 25005 4 Bristol, MA 25007 5 Dukes, MA 1123 25009 4 Essex, MA 25011 5 Franklin, MA 8003 25013 4 Hampden, MA 8003 25015 4 Hampshire, MA 1123 25017 4 Middlesex, MA 25019 5 Nantucket, MA 1123 25021 4 Norfolk, MA 1123 25023 4 Plymouth, MA 1123 25025 4 Suffolk, MA 9243 25027 4 Worcester, MA 26000 1 MICHIGAN 26001 5 Alcona, MI 26003 5 Alger, MI 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 104 26005 5 Allegan, MI 26007 5 Alpena, MI 26009 5 Antrim, MI 26011 5 Arenac, MI 25013 5 Baraga, MI 26015 5 Barry, MI 6960 26017 3 Bay, MI 26019 5 Benzie, MI 0870 26021 3 Berrien, MI 26023 5 Branch, MI 0780 26025 3 Calhoun, MI 26027 5 Cass, MI 26029 5 Charlevoix, MI 26031 5 Cheboygan, MI 26033 5 Chippewa, MI 26035 5 Clare, MI 4040 26037 3 Clinton, MI 26039 5 Crawford, MI 26041 5 Delta, MI 26043 5 Dickinson, MI 4040 26045 3 Eaton, MI 26047 5 Emmet, MI 2640 26049 3 Genesee, MI 26051 5 Gladwin, MI 26053 5 Gogebic, MI 26055 5 Grand Traverse, MI 26057 5 Gratiot, MI 26059 5 Hillsdale, MI 26061 5 Houghton, MI 26063 5 Huron, MI 4040 26065 3 lngham, MI 26067 5 lonia, MI 26069 5 Iosco, MI 26071 5 Iron, MI 26073 5 Isabella, MI 3520 26075 3 Jackson, MI 3720 26077 3 Kalamazoo, MI 26079 5 Kalkaska, MI 3000 26081 3 Kent, MI 26083 5 Keweenaw, MI 26085 5 Lake, MI 2162 2160 26087 2 Lapeer, MI 26089 5 Leelanau, MI 26091 5 Lenawee, MI 2162 2160 26093 2 Livingston, MI 1 Page 105 ICPSR 9806 26095 5 Luce, MI 26097 5 Mackinac, MI 2162 2160 26099 2 Macomb, MI 26101 5 Manistee, MI 26103 5 Marquette, MI 26105 5 Mason, MI 26107 5 Mecosta, MI 26109 5 Menominee, MI 6960 26111 3 Midland, MI 26113 5 Missaukee, MI 2162 2160 26115 2 Monroe, MI 26117 5 Montcalm, MI 26119 5 Montmorency, MI 5320 26121 3 Muskegon, MI 26123 5 Newaygo, MI 2162 2160 26125 2 Oakland, MI 26127 5 Oceana, MI 26129 5 Ogenaw, MI 26131 5 Ontonagon, MI 26133 5 Osceola, MI 26135 5 Oscoda, MI 26137 5 Otsego, MI 3000 26139 3 Ottawa, MI 26141 5 Presque Isle, MI 26143 5 Roscommon, MI 26145 3 Saginaw, MI 2162 2160 26147 2 St. Clair, MI 26149 5 St. Joseph, MI 26151 5 Sanilac, MI 26153 5 Schoolcraft, MI 26155 5 Shiawassee, MI 26157 5 Tuscola, MI 26159 5 Van Buren, MI 2162 0440 26161 2 Washtenaw, MI 2162 2160 26163 2 Wayne, MI 26165 5 Wexford, MI 27000 1 MINNESOTA 27001 5 Aitkin, MN 5120 27003 3 Anoka, MN 27005 5 Becker, MN 27007 5 Beltrami, MN 6980 27009 3 Benton, MN 27011 5 Big Stone, MN 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 106 27013 5 Blue Earth, MN 27015 5 Brown, MN 27017 5 Carlton, MN 5120 27019 3 Carver, MN 27021 5 Cass, MN 27023 5 Chippewa, MN 5120 27025 3 Chisago, MN 2520 27027 3 Clay, MN 27029 5 Clearwater, MN 27031 5 Cook, MN 27033 5 Cottonwood, MN 27035 5 Crow Wing, MN 5120 27037 3 Dakota, MN 27039 5 Dodge, MN 27041 5 Douglas, MN 27043 5 Faribault, MN 27045 5 Fillmore, MN 27047 5 Freeborn, MN 27049 5 Goodhue, MN 27051 5 Grant, MN 5120 27053 3 Hennepin, MN 27055 5 Houston, MN 27057 5 Hubbard, MN 27059 3 Isanti, MN 27061 5 Itasca, MN 27063 5 Jackson, MN 27065 5 Kanabec, MN 27067 5 Kandiyohi, MN 27069 5 Kittson, MN 27071 5 Koochiching, MN 27073 5 Lac qui Parle, MN 27075 5 Lake, MN 27077 5 Lake of the Woods, MN 27079 5 La Sueur, MN 27081 5 Lincoln, MN 27083 5 Lyon, MN 27085 5 McLeod, MN 27087 5 Mahnomen, MN 27089 5 Marshall, MN 27091 5 Martin, MN 27093 5 Meeker, MN 27095 5 Mille Lacs, MN 27097 5 Morrison, MN 27099 5 Mower, MN 27101 5 Murray, MN 1 Page 107 ICPSR 9806 27103 5 Nicollet, MN 27105 5 Nobles, MN 27107 5 Norman, MN 6820 27109 3 Olmsted, MN 27111 5 Otter Tail, MN 27113 5 Pennington, MN 27115 5 Pine, MN 27117 5 Pipestone, MN 27119 5 Polk, MN 27121 5 Pope, MN 5120 27123 3 Ramsey, MN 27125 5 Red Lake, MN 27127 5 Redwood, MN 27129 5 Renville, MN 27131 5 Rice, MN 27133 5 Rock, MN 27135 5 Roseau, MN 2240 27137 3 St. Louis, MN 5120 27139 3 Scott, MN 6980 27141 3 Sherburne, MN 27143 5 Sibley, MN 6980 27145 3 Stearns, MN 27147 5 Steele, MN 27149 5 Stevens, MN 27151 5 Swift, MN 27153 5 Todd, MN 27155 5 Traverse, MN 27157 5 Wabasha, MN 27159 5 Wadena, MN 27161 5 Waseca, MN 5120 27163 3 Washington, MN 27165 5 Watonwan, MN 27167 5 Wilkin, MN 27169 5 Winona, MN 5120 27171 3 Wright, MN 27173 5 Yellow Medicine, MN 28000 1 MISSISSIPPI 28001 5 Adams, MS 28003 5 Alcorn, MS 28005 5 Amite, MS 28007 5 Attala, MS 28009 5 Benton, MS 28011 5 Bolivar, MS 28013 5 Calhoun, MS 28015 5 Carroll, MS 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 108 28017 5 Chickasaw, MS 28019 5 Choctaw, MS 28021 5 Claiborne, MS 28023 5 Clarke, MS 28025 5 Clay, MS 28027 5 Coahoma, MS 28029 5 Copiah, MS 28031 5 Covington, MS 4920 28033 3 De Soto, MS 28035 5 Forrest, MS 28037 5 Franklin, MS 28039 5 George, MS 28041 5 Greene, MS 28043 5 Grenada, MS 0920 28045 3 Hancock, MS 0920 28047 3 Harrison, MS 3560 28049 3 Hinds, MS 28051 5 Holmes, MS 28053 5 Humphreys, MS 28055 5 Issaquena, MS 28057 5 Itawamba, MS 6025 28059 3 Jackson, MS 28061 5 Jasper, MS 28063 5 Jefferson, MS 28065 5 Jefferson Davis, MS 28067 5 Jones, MS 28069 5 Kemper, MS 28071 5 Lafayette, MS 28073 5 Lamar, MS 28075 5 Lauderdale, MS 28077 5 Lawrence, MS 28079 5 Leake, MS 28081 5 Lee, MS 28083 5 Leflore, MS 28085 5 Lincoln, MS 28087 5 Lowndes, MS 3560 28089 3 Madison, MS 28091 5 Marion, MS 28093 5 Marshall, MS 28095 5 Monroe, MS 28097 5 Montgomery, MS 28099 5 Neshoba, MS 28101 5 Newton, MS 28103 5 Noxubee, MS 28105 5 Oktibbeha, MS 1 Page 109 ICPSR 9806 28107 5 Panola, MS 28109 5 Pearl River, MS 28111 5 Perry, MS 28113 5 Pike, MS 28115 5 Pontotoc, MS 28117 5 Prentiss, MS 28119 5 Quitman, MS 3560 28121 3 Rankin, MS 28123 5 Scott, MS 28125 5 Sharkey, MS 28127 5 Simpson, MS 28129 5 Smith, MS 28131 5 Stone, MS 28133 5 Sunflower, MS 28135 5 Tallahatchie, MS 28137 5 Tate, MS 28139 5 Tippah, MS 28141 5 Tishomingo, MS 28143 5 Tunica, MS 28145 5 Union, MS 28147 5 Walthall, MS 28149 5 Warren, MS 28151 5 Washington, MS 28153 5 Wayne, MS 28155 5 Webster, MS 28157 5 Wilkinson, MS 28159 5 Winston, MS 28161 5 Yalobusha, MS 28163 5 Yazoo, MS 29000 1 MISSOURI 29001 5 Adair, MO 29003 5 Andrew, MO 29005 5 Atchison, MO 29007 5 Audrain, MO 29009 5 Barry, MO 29011 5 Barton, MO 29013 5 Bates, MO 29015 5 Benton, MO 29017 5 Bollinger, MO 1740 29019 3 Boone, MO 7000 29021 3 Buchanan, MO 29023 5 Butler, MO 29025 5 Caldwell, MO 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 110 29027 5 Callaway, MO 29029 5 Camden, MO 29031 5 Cape Girardeau, MO 29033 5 Carroll, MO 29035 5 Carter, MO 3760 29037 3 Cass, MO 29039 5 Cedar, MO 29041 5 Chariton, MO 7920 29043 3 Christian, MO 29045 5 Clark, MO 3760 29047 3 Clay, MO 29049 5 Clinton, MO 29051 5 Cole, MO 29053 5 Cooper, MO 29055 5 Crawford, MO 29057 5 Dade, MO 29059 5 Dallas, MO 29061 5 Daviess, MO 29063 5 De Kalb, MO 29065 5 Dent, MO 29067 5 Douglas, MO 29069 5 Dunklin, MO 7040 29071 3 Franklin, MO 29073 5 Gasconade, MO 29075 5 Gentry, MO 7920 29077 3 Greene, MO 29079 5 Grundy, MO 29081 5 Harrison, MO 29083 5 Henry, MO 29085 5 Hickory, MO 29087 5 Holt, MO 29089 5 Howard, MO 29091 5 Howell, MO 29093 5 Iron, MO 3760 29095 3 Jackson, MO 3710 29097 3 Jasper, MO 7040 29099 3 Jefferson, MO 29101 5 Johnson, MO 29103 5 Knox, MO 29105 5 Laclede, MO 3760 29107 3 Lafayette, MO 29109 5 Lawrence, MO 29111 5 Lewis, MO 29113 5 Lincoln, MO 29115 5 Linn, MO 29117 5 Livingston, MO 1 Page 111 ICPSR 9806 29119 5 McDonald, MO 29121 5 Macon, MO 29123 5 Madison, MO 29125 5 Maries, MO 29127 5 Marion, MO 29129 5 Mercer, MO 29131 5 Miller, MO 29133 5 Mississippi, MO 29135 5 Moniteau, MO 29137 5 Monroe, MO 29139 5 Montgomery, MO 29141 5 Morgan, MO 29143 5 New Madrid, MO 3710 29145 3 Newton, MO 29147 5 Nodaway, MO 29149 5 Oregon, MO 29151 5 Osage, MO 29153 5 Ozark, MO 29155 5 Pemiscot, MO 29157 5 Perry, MO 29159 5 Pettis, MO 29161 5 Phelps, MO 29163 5 Pike, MO 3760 29165 3 Platte, MO 29167 5 Polk, MO 29169 5 Pulaski, MO 29171 5 Putnam, MO 29173 5 Rails, MO 29175 5 Randolph, MO 3760 29177 3 Ray, MO 29179 5 Reynolds, MO 29181 5 Ripley, MO 7040 29183 3 St. Charles, MO 29185 5 St. Clair, MO 29186 5 Ste. Genevieve, MO 29187 5 St. Francois, MO 7040 29189 3 St. Louis, MO 29195 5 Saline, MO 29197 5 Schuyler, MO 29199 5 Scotland, MO 29201 5 Scott, MO 29203 5 Shannon, MO 29205 5 Shelby, MO 29207 5 Stoddard, MO 29209 5 Stone, MO 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 112 29211 5 Sullivan, MO 29213 5 Taney, MO 29215 5 Texas, MO 29217 5 Vernon, MO 29219 5 Warren, MO 29221 5 Washington, MO 29223 5 Wayne, MO 29225 5 Webster, MO 29227 5 Worth, MO 29229 5 Wright, MO 7040 29510 3 St. Louis city, MO 30000 1 MONTANA 30001 5 Beaverhead, MT 30003 5 Big Horn, MT 30005 5 Blaine, MT 30007 5 Broadwater, MT 30009 5 Carbon, MT 30011 5 Carter, MT 3040 30013 3 Cascade, MT 30015 5 Chouteau, MT 30017 5 Custer, MT 30019 5 Daniels, MT 30021 5 Dawson, MT 30023 5 Deer Lodge, MT 30025 5 Fallon, MT 30027 5 Fergus, MT 30029 5 Flathead, MT 30031 5 Gallatin, MT 30033 5 Garfield, MT 30035 5 Glacier, MT 30037 5 Golden Valley, MT 30039 5 Granite, MT 30041 5 Hill, MT 30043 5 Jefferson, MT 30045 5 Judith Basin, MT 30047 5 Lake, MT 30049 5 Lewis and Clark, MT 30051 5 Liberty, MT 30053 5 Lincoln, MT 30055 5 McCone, MT 30057 5 Madison, MT 30059 5 Meagher, MT 1 Page 113 ICPSR 9806 30061 5 Mineral, MT 30063 5 Missoula, MT 30065 5 Musselshell, MT 30057 5 Park, MT 30069 5 Petroleum, MT 30071 5 Phillips, MT 30073 5 Pondera, MT 30075 5 Powder River, MT 30077 5 Powell, MT 30079 5 Prairie, MT 30081 5 Ravalli, MT 30083 5 Richland, MT 30085 5 Roosevelt, MT 30087 5 Rosebud, MT 30089 5 Sanders, MT 30091 5 Sheridan, MT 30093 5 Silver Bow, MT 30095 5 Stillwater, MT 30097 5 Sweet Grass, MT 30099 5 Teton, MT 30101 5 Toole, MT 30103 5 Treasure, MT 30105 5 Valley, MT 30107 5 Wheatland, MT 30109 5 Wibaux, MT 0880 30111 3 Yellowstone, MT 30113 5 Yellowstone National Park (part), MT 31000 1 NEBRASKA 31001 5 Adams, NE 31003 5 Antelope, NE 31005 5 Arthur, ME 31007 5 Banner, NE 31009 5 Blaine, NE 31011 5 Boone, NE 31013 5 Box Butte, NE 31015 5 Boyd, NE 31017 5 Brown, NE 31019 5 Buffalo, NE 31021 5 Burt, NE 31023 5 Butler, NE 31025 5 Cass, NE 31027 5 Cedar, NE 31029 5 Chase, NE 31031 5 Cherry, NE 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 114 31033 5 Cheyenne, NE 31035 5 Clay, NE 31037 5 Colfax, NE 31039 5 Cuming, NE 31041 5 Custer, NE 7720 31043 3 Dakota, NE 31045 5 Dawes, NE 31047 5 Dawson, NE 31049 5 Deuel, NE 31051 5 Dixon, NE 31053 5 Dodge, NE 5920 31055 3 Douglas, NE 31057 5 Dundy, NE 31059 5 Fillmore, NE 31061 5 Franklin, NE 31063 5 Frontier, NE 31065 5 Furnas, NE 31067 5 Gage, NE 31069 5 Garden, NE 31071 5 Garfield, NE 31073 5 Gosper, NE 31075 5 Grant, NE 31077 5 Greeley, NE 31079 5 Hall, NE 31081 5 Hamilton, NE 31083 5 Harlan, NE 31085 5 Hayes, NE 31087 5 Hitchcock, NE 31089 5 Holt, NE 31091 5 Hooker, NE 31093 5 Howard, NE 31095 5 Jefferson, NE 31097 5 Johnson, NE 31099 5 Kearney, NE 31101 5 Keith, NE 31103 5 Keya Paha, NE 31105 5 Kimball, NE 31107 5 Knox, NE 4360 31109 3 Lancaster, NE 31111 5 Lincoln, NE 31113 5 Logan, NE 31115 5 Loup, NE 31117 5 McPherson, NE 31119 5 Madison, NE 31121 5 Merrick, NE 1 Page 115 ICPSR 9806 31123 5 Morrill, NE 31125 5 Nance, NE 31127 5 Nemaha, NE 31129 5 Nuckolls, NE 31131 5 Otoe, NE 31133 5 Pawnee, NE 31135 5 Perkins, NE 31137 5 Phelps, NE 31139 5 Pierce, NE 31141 5 Platte, NE 31143 5 Polk, NE 31145 5 Red Willow, NE 31147 5 Richardson, NE 31149 5 Rock, NE 31151 5 Saline, NE 5920 31153 3 Sarpy, NE 31155 5 Saunders, NE 31157 5 Scotts Bluff, NE 31159 5 Seward, NE 31161 5 Sheridan, NE 31163 5 Sherman, NE 31165 5 Sioux, NE 31167 5 Stanton, NE 31169 5 Thayer, NE 31171 5 Thomas, NE 31173 5 Thurston, NE 31175 5 Valley, NE 5920 31177 3 Washington, NE 31179 5 Wayne, NE 31181 5 Webster, NE 31183 5 Wheeler, NE 31185 5 York, NE 32000 1 NEVADA 32001 5 Churchill, NV 4120 32003 3 Clark, NV 32005 5 Douglas, NV 32007 5 Elko, NV 32009 5 Esmeralda, NV 32011 5 Eureka, NV 32013 5 Humboldt, NV 32015 5 Lander, NV 32017 5 Lincoln, NV 32019 5 Lyon, NV 32021 5 Mineral, NV 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 116 32023 5 Nye, NV 32027 5 Pershing, NV 32029 5 Storey, NV 6720 32031 3 Washoe, NV 32033 5 White Pine, NV 32510 5 Carson City city, NV 33000 1 NEW HAMPSHIRE 33001 5 Belknap, NH 33003 5 Carroll, NH 33005 5 Cheshire, NH 33007 5 Coos, NH 33009 5 Grafton, NH 4763 33011 4 Hillsborough, NH 33013 5 Merrimack, NH 6453 33015 4 Rockingham, NH 6453 33017 4 Strafford, NH 33019 5 Sullivan, NH 34000 1 NEW JERSEY 0560 34001 3 Atlantic, NJ 5602 0875 34003 2 Bergen, NJ 6162 6160 34005 2 Burlington, NJ 6162 6160 34007 2 Camden, NJ 0560 34009 3 Cape May, NJ 6162 8760 34011 2 Cumberland, NJ 5602 5640 34013 2 Essex, NJ 6162 6160 34015 2 Gloucester, NJ 5602 3640 34017 2 Hudson, NJ 5602 5015 34019 2 Hunterdon, NJ 6162 8480 34021 2 Mercer, NJ 5602 5015 34023 2 Middlesex, NJ 5602 5190 34025 2 Momouth, NJ 5602 5640 34027 2 Morris, NJ 5602 5190 34029 2 Ocean, NJ 5602 0875 34031 2 Passaic, NJ 6162 9160 34033 2 Salem, NJ 5602 5015 34035 2 Somerset, NJ 5602 5640 34037 2 Sussex, NJ 5602 5640 34039 2 Union, NJ 0240 34041 3 Warren, NJ 35000 1 NEW MEXICO 1 Page 117 ICPSR 9806 0200 35001 3 Bernalillo, NM 35003 5 Catron, NM 35005 5 Chaves, NM 35006 5 Cibola, NM 35007 5 Colfax, NM 35009 5 Curry, NM 35011 5 De Baca, NM 4100 35013 3 Dona Ana, NM 35015 5 Eddy, NM 35017 5 Grant, NM 35019 5 Guadalupe, NM 35021 5 Harding, NM 35023 5 Hidalgo, NM 35025 5 Lea, NM 35027 5 Lincoln, NM 7490 35028 3 Los Alamos, NM 35029 5 Luna, NM 35031 5 McKinley, NM 35033 5 Mora, NM 35035 5 Otero, NM 35037 5 Quay, NM 35039 5 Rio Arriba, NM 35041 5 Roosevelt, NM 35043 5 Sandoval, NM 35045 5 San Juan, NM 35047 5 San Miguel, NM 7490 35049 3 Santa Fe, NM 35051 5 Sierra, NM 35053 5 Socorro, NM 35055 5 Taos, NM 35057 5 Torrance, NM 35059 5 Union, NM 35061 5 Valencia, NM 36000 1 NEW YORK 0160 36001 3 Albany, NY 36003 5 Allegany, NY 5602 5600 36005 2 Bronx, NY 0960 36007 3 Broome, NY 36009 5 Cattaraugus, NY 36011 5 Cayuga, NY 3610 36013 3 Chautauqua, NY 2335 36015 3 Chemung, NY 36017 5 Chenango, NY 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 118 36019 5 Clinton, NY 36021 5 Columbia, NY 36023 5 Cortland, NY 36025 5 Delaware, NY 6460 36027 3 Dutchess, NY 1282 1280 36029 2 Erie, NY 36031 5 Essex, NY 36033 5 Franklin, NY 36035 5 Fulton, NY 36037 5 Genesee, NY 0160 36039 3 Greene, NY 36041 5 Hamilton, NY 8680 36043 3 Herkimer, NY 36045 5 Jefferson, NY 5602 5600 36047 2 Kings, NY 36049 5 Lewis, NY 6840 36051 3 Livingston, NY 8160 36053 3 Madison, NY 6840 36055 3 Monroe, NY 0160 36057 3 Montgomery, NY 5602 5380 36059 2 Nassau, NY 5602 5600 36061 2 New York, NY 1282 5700 36063 2 Niagara, NY 8680 36065 3 Oneida, NY 8160 36067 3 Onondaga, NY 6840 36069 3 Ontario, NY 5602 5950 36071 2 Orange, NY 6840 36073 3 Orleans, NY 8160 36075 3 Oswego, NY 36077 5 Otsego, NY 5602 5600 36079 2 Putnam, NY 5602 5600 36081 2 Queens, NY 0160 36083 3 Rensselaer, NY 5602 5600 36085 2 Richmond, NY 5602 5600 36087 2 Rockland, NY 36089 5 St. Lawrence, NY 0160 36091 3 Saratoga, NY 0160 36093 3 Schenectady, NY 36095 5 Schoharie, NY 36097 5 Schuyler, NY 36099 5 Seneca, NY 36101 5 Steuben, NY 5602 5380 36103 2 Suffolk, NY 36105 5 Sullivan, NY 0960 36107 3 Tioga, NY 1 Page 119 ICPSR 9806 36109 5 Tompkins, NY 36111 5 Ulster, NY 2975 36113 3 Warren, NY 2975 36115 3 Washington, NY 6840 36117 3 Wayne, NY 5602 5600 36119 2 Westchester, NY 36121 5 Wyoming, NY 36123 5 Yates, NY 37000 1 NORTH CAROLINA 1300 37001 3 Alamance, NC 3290 37003 3 Alexander, NC 37005 5 Alleghany, NC 37007 5 Anson, NC 37009 5 Ashe, NC 37011 5 Avery, NC 37013 5 Beaufort, NC 37015 5 Bertie, NC 37017 5 Bladen, NC 37019 5 Brunswick, NC 0480 37021 3 Buncombe, NC 3290 37023 3 Burke, NC 1520 37025 3 Cabarrus, NC 37027 5 Caldwell, NC 37029 5 Camden, NC 37031 5 Carteret, NC 37033 5 Caswell, NC 3290 37035 3 Catawba, NC 37037 5 Chatham, NC 37039 5 Cherokee, NC 37041 5 Chowan, NC 37043 5 Clay, NC 37045 5 Cleveland, NC 37047 5 Columbus, NC 37049 5 Craven, NC 2560 37051 3 Cumberland, NC 37053 5 Currituck, NC 37055 5 Dare, NC 3120 37057 3 Davidson, NC 3120 37059 3 Davie, NC 37061 5 Duplin, NC 6640 37063 3 Durham, NC 37065 5 Edgecombe, NC 3120 37067 3 Forsyth, NC 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 120 6640 37069 3 Franklin, NC 1520 37071 3 Gaston, NC 37073 5 Gates, NC 37075 5 Graham, NC 37077 5 Granville, NC 37079 5 Greene, NC 3120 37081 3 Guilford, NC 37083 5 Halifax, NC 37085 5 Harnett, NC 37087 5 Haywood, NC 37089 5 Henderson, NC 37091 5 Hertford, NC 37093 5 Hoke, NC 37095 5 Hyde, NC 37097 5 Iredell, NC 37099 5 Jackson, NC 37101 5 Johnston, NC 37103 5 Jones, NC 37105 5 Lee, NC 37107 5 Lenoir, NC 1520 37109 3 Lincoln, NC 37111 5 McDowell, NC 37113 5 Macon, NC 37115 5 Madison, NC 37117 5 Martin, NC 1520 37119 3 Mecklenburg, NC 37121 5 Mitchell, NC 37123 5 Montgomery, NC 37125 5 Moore, NC 37127 5 Nash, NC 9200 37129 3 New Hanover, NC 37131 5 Northampton, NC 3605 37133 3 Onslow, NC 6640 37135 3 Orange, NC 37137 5 Pamlico, NC 37139 5 Pasquotank, NC 37141 5 Pender, NC 37143 5 Perquimans, NC 37145 5 Person, NC 37147 5 Pitt, NC 37149 5 Polk, NC 3120 37151 3 Randolph, NC 37153 5 Richmond, NC 37155 5 Robeson, NC 37157 5 Rockingham, NC 1520 37159 3 Rowan, NC 1 Page 121 ICPSR 9806 37161 5 Rutherford, NC 37163 5 Sampson, NC 37165 5 Scotland, NC 37167 5 Stanly, NC 3120 37169 3 Stokes, NC 37171 5 Surry, NC 37173 5 Swain, NC 37175 5 Transylvania, NC 37177 5 Tyrrell, NC 1520 37179 3 Union, NC 37181 5 Vance, NC 6640 37183 3 Wake, NC 37185 5 Warren, NC 37187 5 Washington, NC 37189 5 Watauga, NC 37191 5 Wayne, NC 37193 5 Wilkes, NC 37195 5 Wilson, NC 3120 37197 3 Yadkin, NC 37199 5 Yancey, NC 38000 1 NORTH DAKOTA 38001 5 Adams, ND 38003 5 Barnes, ND 38005 5 Benson, ND 38007 5 Billings, ND 38009 5 Bottineau, ND 38011 5 Bowman, ND 38013 5 Burke, ND 1010 38015 3 Burleigh, ND 2520 38017 3 Cass, ND 38019 5 Cavalier, ND 38021 5 Dickey, ND 38023 5 Divide, ND 38025 5 Dunn, ND 38027 5 Eddy, ND 38029 5 Emmons, ND 38031 5 Foster, ND 38033 5 Golden Valley, ND 2985 38035 3 Grand Forks, ND 38037 5 Grant, ND 38039 5 Griggs, ND 38041 5 Hettinger, ND 38043 5 Kidder, ND 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 122 38045 5 La Moure, ND 38047 5 Logan, ND 38049 5 McHenry, ND 38051 5 McIntosh, ND 38053 5 McKenzie, ND 38055 5 McLean, ND 38057 5 Mercer, ND 1010 38059 3 Morton, ND 38061 5 Mountrail, ND 38063 5 Nelson, ND 38065 5 Oliver, ND 38067 5 Pembina, ND 38069 5 Pierce, ND 38071 5 Ramsey, ND 38073 5 Ransom, ND 38075 5 Renville, ND 38077 5 Richland, NO 38079 5 Rolette, ND 38081 5 Sargent, ND 38083 5 Sheridan, ND 38085 5 Sioux, ND 38087 5 Slope, ND 38089 5 Stark, ND 38091 5 Steele, ND 38093 5 Stutsman, ND 38095 5 Towner, ND 38097 5 Traill, ND 38099 5 Walsh, ND 38101 5 Ward, ND 38103 5 Wells, ND 38105 5 Williams, ND 39000 1 OHIO 39001 5 Adams, OH 4320 39003 3 Allen, OH 39005 5 Ashland, OH 39007 5 Ashtabula, OH 39009 5 Athens, OH 4320 39011 3 Auglaize, OH 9000 39013 3 Belmont, OH 39015 5 Brown, OH 1642 3200 39017 2 Butler, OH 1320 39019 3 Carroll, OH 39021 5 Champaign, OH 1 Page 123 ICPSR 9806 2000 39023 3 Clark, OH 1642 1640 39025 2 Clermont, OH 39027 5 Clinton, OH 39029 5 Columbiana, OH 39031 5 Coshocton, OH 39033 5 Crawford, OH 1692 1680 39035 2 Cuyahoga, OH 39037 5 Darke, OH 39039 5 Defiance, OH 1840 39041 3 Delaware, OH 39043 5 Erie, OH 1840 39045 3 Fairfield, OH 39047 5 Fayette, OH 1840 39049 3 Franklin, OH 8400 39051 3 Fulton, OH 39053 5 Gallia, OH 1692 1680 39055 2 Geauga, OH 2000 39057 3 Greene, OH 39059 5 Guernsey, OH 1642 1640 39061 2 Hamilton, OH 39063 5 Hancock, OH 39065 5 Hardin, OH 39067 5 Harrison, OH 39069 5 Henry, OH 39071 5 Highland, OH 39073 5 Hocking, OH 39075 5 Holmes, OH 39077 5 Huron, OH 39079 5 Jackson, OH 8080 39081 3 Jefferson, OH 39083 5 Knox, OH 1692 1680 39085 2 Lake, OH 3400 39087 3 Lawrence, OH 1840 39089 3 Licking, OH 39091 5 Logan, OH 1692 4440 39093 2 Lorain, OH 8400 39095 3 Lucas, OH 1840 39097 3 Madison, OH 9320 39099 3 Mahoning, OH 39101 5 Marion, OH 1692 1680 39103 2 Medina, OH 39105 5 Meigs, OH 39107 5 Mercer, OH 2000 39109 3 Miami, OH 39111 5 Monroe, OH 2000 39113 3 Montgomery, OH 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 124 39115 5 Morgan, OH 39117 5 Morrow, OH 39119 5 Muskingum, OH 39121 5 Noble, OH 39123 5 Ottawa, OH 39125 5 Paulding, OH 39127 5 Perry, OH 1840 39129 3 Pickaway, OH 39131 5 Pike, OH 1692 0080 39133 2 Portage, OH 39135 5 Preble, OH 39137 5 Putnam, OH 4800 39139 3 Richland, OH 39141 5 Ross, OH 39143 5 Sandusky, OH 39145 5 Scioto, OH 39147 5 Seneca, OH 39149 5 Shelby, OH 1320 39151 3 Stark, OH 1692 0080 39153 2 Summit, OH 9320 39155 3 Trumbull, OH 39157 5 Tuscarawas, OH 1840 39159 3 Union, OH 39161 5 Van Wert, OH 39163 5 Vinton, OH 1642 1640 39165 2 Warren, OH 6020 39167 3 Washington, OH 39169 5 Wayne, OH 39171 5 Williams, OH 8400 39173 3 Wood, OH 39175 5 Wyandot, OH 40000 1 OKLAHOMA 40001 5 Adair, OK 40003 5 Alfalfa, OK 40005 5 Atoka, OK 40007 5 Beaver, OK 40009 5 Beckham, OK 40011 5 Blaine, OK 40013 5 Bryan, OK 40015 5 Caddo, OK 40017 3 Canadian, OK 40019 5 Carter, OK 40021 5 Cherokee, OK 1 Page 125 ICPSR 9806 40023 5 Choctaw, OK 40025 5 Cimarron, OK 5880 40027 3 Cleveland, OK 40029 5 Coal, OK 4200 40031 3 Comanche, OK 40033 5 Cotton, OK 40035 5 Craig, OK 8560 40037 3 Creek, OK 40039 5 Custer, OK 40041 5 Delaware, OK 40043 5 Dewey, OK 40045 5 Ellis, OK 2340 40047 3 Garfield, OK 40049 5 Garvin, OK 40051 5 Grady, OK 40053 5 Grant, OK 40055 5 Greer, OK 40057 5 Harmon, OK 40059 5 Harper, OK 40061 5 Haskell, OK 40063 5 Hughes, OK 40065 5 Jackson, OK 40067 5 Jefferson, OK 40069 5 Johnston, OK 40071 5 Kay, OK 40073 5 Kingfisher, OK 40075 5 Kiowa, OK 40077 5 Latimer, OK 40079 5 Le Flore, OK 40081 5 Lincoln, OK 5880 40083 3 Logan, OK 40085 5 Love, OK 5880 40087 3 McClain, OK 40089 5 McCurtain, OK 40091 5 McIntosh, OK 40093 5 Major, OK 40095 5 Marshall, OK 40097 5 Mayes, OK 40099 5 Murray, OK 40101 5 Muskogee, OK 40103 5 Noble, OK 40105 5 Nowata, OK 40107 5 Okfuskee, OK 5880 40109 3 Oklahoma, OK 40111 5 Okmulgee, OK 8560 40113 3 Osage, OK 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 126 40115 5 Ottawa, OK 40117 5 Pawnee, OK 40119 5 Payne, OK 40121 5 Pittspurg, OK 40123 5 Pontotoc, OK 5880 40125 3 Pottawatomie, OK 40127 5 Pushmataha, OK 40129 5 Roger Mills, OK 8560 40131 5 Rogers, OK 40133 5 Seminole, OK 2720 40135 3 Sequoyah, OK 40137 5 Stephens, OK 40139 5 Texas, OK 40141 5 Tillman, OK 8560 40143 3 Tulsa, OK 8560 40145 3 Wagoner, OK 40147 5 Washington, OK 40149 5 Washita, OK 40151 5 Woods, OK 40153 5 Woodward, OK 41000 1 Oregon 41001 5 Baker, OR 41003 5 Benton, OR 6442 6440 41005 2 Clackamas, OR 41007 5 Clatsop, OR 41009 5 Columbia, OR 41011 5 Coos, OR 41013 5 Crook, OR 41015 5 Curry, OR 41017 5 Deschutes, OR 41019 5 Douglas, OR 41021 5 Gilliam, OR 41023 5 Grant, OR 41025 5 Harney, OR 41027 5 Hood Rivere, OR 4890 41029 3 Jackson, OR 41031 5 Jefferson, OR 41033 5 Josephine, OR 41035 5 Klamath, OR 41037 5 Lake, OR 2400 41039 3 Lane, OR 41041 5 Lincoln, OR 41043 5 Linn, OR 1 Page 127 ICPSR 9806 41045 5 Malheur, OR 7080 41047 3 Marion, OR 41049 5 Morrow, OR 6442 6440 41051 2 Multnomah, OR 7080 41053 3 Polk, OR 41055 5 Sherman, OR 41057 5 Tillamook, OR 41059 5 Umatilla, OR 41061 5 Union, OR 41063 5 Wallowa, OR 41065 5 Wasco, OR 6442 6440 41067 2 Washington, OR 41069 5 Wheeler, OR 6442 6440 41071 2 Yamhill, OR 42000 1 PENNSYLVANIA 9280 42001 3 Adams, PA 6282 6280 42003 2 Allegheny, PA 42005 5 Armstrong, PA 6282 0845 42007 2 Beaver, PA 42009 5 Bedford, PA 6680 42011 3 Berks, PA 0280 42013 3 Blair, PA 42015 5 Bradford, PA 6162 6160 42017 2 Bucks, PA 42019 5 Butler, PA 3680 42021 3 Cambria, PA 42023 5 Cameron, PA 0240 42025 3 Carbon, PA 8050 42027 3 Centre, PA 6162 6160 42029 2 Chester, PA 42031 5 Clarion, PA 42033 5 Clearfield, PA 42035 5 Clinton, PA 7560 42037 3 Columbia, PA 42039 5 Crawford, PA 3240 42041 3 Cumberland, PA 3240 42043 3 Dauphin, PA 6162 6160 42045 2 Delaware, PA 42047 5 Elk, PA 2360 42049 3 Erie, PA 6282 6280 42051 2 Fayette, PA 42053 5 Forest, PA 42055 5 Franklin, PA 42057 5 Fulton, PA 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 128 42059 5 Greene, PA 42061 5 Huntingdon, PA 42063 5 Indiana, PA 42065 5 Jefferson, PA 42067 5 Juniata, PA 7560 42069 3 Lackawanna, PA 4000 42071 3 Lancaster, PA 42073 5 Lawrence, PA 3240 42075 3 Lebanon, PA 0240 42077 3 Lehigh, PA 7560 42079 3 Luzerne, PA 9140 42081 3 Lycoming, PA 42083 5 McKean, PA 7610 42085 3 Mercer, PA 42087 5 Mifflin, PA 7560 42089 3 Monroe, PA 6162 6160 42091 2 Montgomery, PA 42093 5 Montour, PA 0240 42095 3 Northampton, PA 42097 5 Northuberland, PA 3240 42099 3 Perry, PA 6162 6160 42101 2 Philadelphia, PA 42103 5 Pike, PA 42105 5 Potter, PA 42107 5 Schuylkill, PA 42109 5 Snyder, PA 3680 42111 3 Somerset, PA 42113 5 Sullivan, PA 42115 5 Susquehanna, PA 42117 5 Tioga, PA 42119 5 Union, PA 42121 5 Venango, PA 42123 5 Warren, PA 6282 6280 42125 2 Washington, PA 42127 5 Wayne, PA 6282 6280 42129 2 Westmoreland, PA 7560 42131 3 Wyoming, PA 9280 42133 3 York, PA 44000 1 RHODE ISLAND 6483 44001 4 Bristol, RI 6483 44003 4 Kent, RI 44005 5 Newport, RI 6483 44007 4 Providence, RI 6483 44009 4 Washington, RI 1 Page 129 ICPSR 9806 45000 1 SOUTH CAROLINA 45001 5 Abbeville, SC 0600 45003 3 Aiken, SC 45005 5 Allendale, SC 0405 45007 3 Anderson, SC 45009 5 Bamberg, SC 45011 5 Barnwell, SC 45013 5 Beaufort, SC 1440 45015 3 Berkeley, SC 45017 5 Calhoun, SC 1440 45019 3 Charleston, SC 45021 5 Cherokee, SC 45023 5 Chester, SC 45025 5 Chesterfield, SC 45027 5 Clarendon, SC 45029 5 Colleton, SC 45031 5 Darlington, SC 45033 5 Dillon, SC 1440 45035 3 Dorchester, SC 45037 5 Edgefield, SC 45039 5 Fairfield, SC 2655 45041 3 Florence, SC 45043 5 Georgetown, SC 3160 45045 3 Greenville, SC 45047 5 Greenwood, SC 45049 5 Hampton, SC 45051 5 Horry, SC 45053 5 Jasper, SC 45055 5 Kershaw, SC 45057 5 Lancaster, SC 45059 5 Laurens, SC 45061 5 Lee, SC 1760 45063 3 Lexington, SC 45065 5 McCormick, SC 45067 5 Marion, SC 45069 5 Marlboro, SC 45071 5 Newberry, SC 45073 5 Oconee, SC 45075 5 Orangeburg, SC 3160 45077 3 Pickens, SC 1760 45079 3 Richland, SC 45081 5 Saluda, SC 3160 45083 3 Spartanburg, SC 45085 5 Sumter, SC 45087 5 Union, SC 1 ICPSR 9806 Page 130 45089 5 Williamsburg, SC 1520 45091 3 York, SC 46000 1 SOUTH DAKOTA 46003 5 Aurora, SD 46005 5 Beadle, SD 46007 5 Bennett, SD 46009 5 Bon Homme, SD 46011 5 Brookings, SD 46013 5 Brown, SD 46015 5 Brule, SD 46017 5 Buffalo, SD 46019 5 Butte, SD 46021 5 Campbell, SD 46023 5 Charles Mix, SD 46025 5 Clark, SD 46027 5 Clay, SD 46029 5 Codington, SD 46031 5 Corson, SD 46033 5 Custer, SD 46035 5 Davison, SD 46037 5 Day, SD 46039 5 Deuel, SD 46041 5 Dewey, SD 46043 5 Douglas, SD 46045 5 Edmunds, SD 46047 5 Fall River, SD 46049 5 Faulk, SD 46051 5 Grant, SD 46053 5 Gregory, SD 46055 5 Haakon, SD 46057 5 Hamlin, SD 46059 5 Hand, SD 46061 5 Hanson, SD 46063 5 Harding, SD 46065 5 Hughes, SD 46067 5 Hutchinson, SD 46069 5 Hyde, SD 46071 5 Jackson, SD 46073 5 Jerauld, SD 46075 5 Jones, SD 46077 5 Kingsbury, SD 46079 5 Lake, SD 46081 5 Lawrence, SD 1 Page 131 ICPSR 9806 46083 5 Lincoln, SD 46085 5 Lyman, SD 46087 5 McCook, SD 46089 5 McPherson, SD 46091 5 Marshall, SD 46093 5 Meade, SD 46095 5 Mellette, SD 46097 5 Miner, SD 7760 46099 3 Minnehaha, SD 46101 5 Moody, SD 6660 46103 3 Pennington, SD 46105 5 Perkins, SD 46107 5 Potter, SD 46109 5 Roberts, SD 46111 5 Sanborn, SD 46113 5 Shannon, SD 46115 5 Spink, SD