I. ABSTRACT TIGER/Line(TM) Census Files, 1990/ developed by the Bureau of the Census. Washington: The Bureau [producer and distributor], 1991. Type of File: Geographic. The 1990 Census TIGER/Line file is an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the Census Bureau's TIGER data base. The Census Bureau is releasing the 1990 Census TIGER/Line files to provide data users with the final 1990 census boundaries (including voting districts) and to support the 1990 Census Data Products Program. This product replaces all earlier versions of the TIGER/Line file. Data in the 1990 Census TIGER/Line files may or may not have changed from the earlier versions of the TIGER/Line files. Users can determine changes by comparing the fields in individual records. Subject-Matter Description: The 1990 Census TIGER/Line file provides digital data for all 1990 census map features and boundaries, the associated 1990 census final tabulation geographic area codes (such as 1990 census block numbers), and the codes for the January 1, 1990 legal and statistical areas on both sides of each line segment of every mapped feature. This version also contains the final voting district codes and the 1990 census designated place codes. The 1990 Census TIGER/Line file contains basic information for 1990 census geographic area codes, basic map features and their names, and address ranges in the form of 12 "Record Types." The record types (see Chapter V) are as follows: 1. Basic Data Records (Individual Feature Segment Records) 2. Shape Coordinate Points (Feature Shape Records) 3. Additional Decennial Census Geographic Area Codes 4. Index to Alternate Feature Names 5. Feature Name List 6. Additional Address Range and ZIP Code(2) Information 7. Landmark Features 8. Area Landmarks A. Additional Polygon Geographic Area Codes I. Area Boundaries P. Polygon Location R. Record Number Range Each segment record contains appropriate decennial census and, when appropriate, FIPS(1) geographic area codes, latitude/longitude coordinates for all line segments and point features, the name of the feature ---------- (1)Federal Information Processing Standards codes; see FIPS Publications No. 5, 6, 9, and 55. (2)ZIP Code is a registered trademark of the U.S. Postal Service. (including the relevant census feature class code identifying the segment by category), and, for areas formerly covered by the GBF/DIME-Files, the address ranges and the ZIP Code associated with those address ranges for each side of street segments. For other areas, the TIGER/Line files do not contain address ranges or ZIP Codes. The shape records provide coordinate values that describe the shape of those feature segments that are not straight. Geographic Coverage: The 1990 Census TIGER/Line files cover the entire United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, the other Pacific entities that were part of the Trust Territory of the United States for the 1980 census (the Marshall Islands and the Federated States of Micronesia), and the Midway Islands (to provide complete mapping within the boundaries of the State of Hawaii). File Size and Sort Sequence File Size: The estimated average size of a 1990 Census TIGER/Line file is as follows: Average file size for a State or statistically equivalent area: 500 megabytes. (The sizes of State files range from fewer than 4 megabytes to approximately 1,800 megabytes.) Average file size for a county or statistically equivalent area: 7.5 megabytes (The sizes of county files range from fewer than 1 to approximately 125 megabytes). The estimated size of all files for all areas covered: 25,000 megabytes. File Sort Sequence: Each record type is a separate file; within each file, the records are not sorted by the record number. Relationship to the 1980 GBF/DIME-Files The data in the 1990 Census TIGER/Line files include information comparable to what was in the 1980 GBF/DIME-Files, which covered roughly 2 percent of the land area of the United States. The remaining 98 percent of the land area has been added using data that originated with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) based on the 1:100,000-scale USGS maps, supplemented with Census Bureau-compiled information and from other USGS map sheets. Reference Materials Boudriault, G. Topology in the TIGER File, Proceedings: Eighth International Symposium on Computer Assisted Cartography, pp. 258-263, 1987. Broome, F.R., C. Beard, and A. Martinez Automated Map Inset Determination, Proceedings: Eighth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, pp. 466-470, 1987. Bishton, A. A Cartographic Extract of the TIGER File: Implication for Mapping Applications, Proceedings: Ninth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, Baltimore, Maryland, April 1989, pp. 697-704. Bishton, A. Designing and Using Cartographic Extract: Mapping From the TIGER System, paper presented at the 26th Annual Conference of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association (URISA), Los Angeles, California, August 1988.* Ebinger, L.R. and A.M. Goulette Automated Names Placement in a Non-Interactive Environment, Proceedings: Ninth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, Baltimore, Maryland, April 1989, pp. 205-214. Fairchild, D. The Display of Boundary Information: A Challenge in Map Design in an Automated Production System, Proceedings: Eighth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, pp. 456-465, 1987. Kinnear, C. The TIGER Structure, Proceedings: Eighth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, pp. 249-257, 1987. LaMacchia, R.A. Census Data Available for Transportation Planners, paper presented at the Third International Conference on Microcomputers in Transportation, San Francisco, California, June 22, 1989.* LaMacchia, R.A. The TIGER File and Redistricting, paper presented at the National Conference of State Legislatures, Orlando, Florida, December 1989.* LaMacchia, R.A. The TIGER System, Exemplary Systems in Government Awards, 1990. Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, Washington, D.C. pp. 25-36. LaMacchia, R.A. and S.G. Tomasi Planned TIGER System Products, paper distributed at the 1990 Annual Spring Conference of The Government Publications Libraries of New England, March 1990* Martinez, A. Automated Insetting: An Expert Component Embedded in the Census Bureau's Map Production System, Proceedings: Ninth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, Baltimore, Maryland, April 1989, pp. 181-190. Martinez, A. Application of Expert Rules in Automated Cartography, paper presented at the 10th Annual Applied Geography Conference, October 1987.* Marx, R.W. GIS, TIGER, and Other Useful Acronyms, Proceedings: National Conference Challenge for the 1990s Geographic Information Systems, Ottawa, Canada, 1989, pp. 439-452. ---------- *A package of all unpublished papers is available for $10 from Customer Services, Data User Services Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233 (301) 763-4100; FAX (301) 763-4794. Marx, R.W. LIS/GIS Activities of the United States Census Bureau, paper presented at the Information Exchange sponsored by the Embassy of the United States of America on Development, Innovation, and Technology Transfer Regarding Land Information Management based on a Cadastral Concept, Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany, November 1988.* Marx, R.W. (ed.) Cartography and Geographic Information Systems: The Census Bureau's TIGER System, Journal of American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Vol. 17, No. 1, January 1990. Marx, R.W. and A.J. Saalfeld Programs for Assuring Map Quality at the Bureau of the Census, Proceedings: The 4th Annual Research Conference, U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 1988, pp. 239-259. Marx, R.W. The TIGER System: Automating the Geographic Structure of the United States Census, Government Publications Review, Vol. 13, pp. 181-201, 1986. Marx, R.W. Computer Mapping and the Census Bureau: The Future and You, paper presented at the AM/FM International Eastern Regional Conference, Williamsburg, Virginia, May 1986.* Marx, R.W. The TIGER System: Six Years to Success, Proceedings: 13th International Conference of the International Cartographic Association, pp 633-645, October 1987.* McDowell, T., D. Meixler, P. Rosenson, and B. Davis Maintenance of Geographic Structure Files at the Bureau of the Census, Proceedings: Eighth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, pp. 264-269, 1987. McKenzie, B.Y. and R.A. LaMacchia The U.S. Geological Survey  U.S. Bureau of the Census Cooperative Digital Mapping Project: A Unique Success Story, paper presented at the fall meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Reno, Nevada, October 1987.* Meixler, D. and A.J. Saalfeld Polygonization and Topological Editing at the Bureau of the Census, Proceedings: Eighth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, pp. 731-737, 1987. Sobel, J. Principal Components of the Census Bureau's TIGER File, Research in Contemporary and Applied Geography: A Discussion Series, Vol. X, No. 3, pp. 1Ä16, 1986. Trainor, T.F. Attribute Coding Scheme: Identification of Features in the U.S. Census Bureau's TIGER System, Proceedings: AUTO CARTO London, Vol. 1, pp. 117-126, September 1986. U.S. Bureau of the Census, Strength in Numbers: Your Guide to 1990 Census Redistricting Data From the U.S. Bureau of the Census, January 1990, Washington, D.C. 20233. U.S. Bureau of the Census, TIGER Tales, Washington, DC 20233. Available from Customer Services (see address on page 2). U.S. Bureau of the Census, TIGER: The Coast-to-Coast Digital Map Data Base, Washington, DC 20233. Available from Customer Services (see address on page 2). U.S. Geological Survey, 1:100,000-Scale Digital Cartographic Data Base for Federal Requirements, Yearbook, Fiscal Year 1984, Reston, Virginia 22092. Wanie, T.L. Estimating Production Parameters For Large-Volume Automated Mapping on a Raster Plotter, Proceedings: Eighth International Symposium on Computer-Assisted Cartography, pp. 1-8, 1987. Related Files: Geographic Reference FilesNames (1990 Census Version). This file provides the bridges between the geographic area codes (i.e., State, county, minor civil division, etc.) found on Record Type 1 and 3 and their English language names. The file is available on magnetic tape or tape cartridges from Customer Services (see address on page 2). Price is $275. Availability: The 1990 Census TIGER/Line files are available on magnetic tape or tape cartridges (IBM 3480 compatible) from Customer Services Branch, Data User Services Division, Washington, DC 20233; (301) 763-4100. FAX: (301) 763-4794. The price is $200 for the first county in a state, plus $25 for each additional county in the same state ordered at the same time. The files also are available on CD-ROM disks. The price per disk is $250; most states fit on one disk. An order form is on the following page.